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Chapter 3 Pearson Environmental Science

Total questions: 74

Worksheet time: 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The basic units of matter are called

a)

elements

b)

atoms

c)

nucleic acids

d)

carbohydrates

2.

All material in the universe that has mass and occupies space is called

a)

atoms

b)

elements

c)

nucleus

d)

matter

3.

The nucleus of an atom contains

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

protons and neutrons

d)

electrons and neutrons

4.

The weight of an atom includes

a)

protons

b)

neutrons

c)

protons and neutrons

d)

electrons

5.

Electrons are not included in the weight of an atom because

a)

they are to heavy

b)

too light and it takes a lot of them to weigh anything

c)

don't matter

d)

the numbers get to high

6.

A _______ is a combination of two or more atoms of the same type are called

a)

molecules

b)

compounds

c)

molecules and compounds

d)

elements

7.

A compound is

a)

two or more of the same kind of atoms put together

b)

two or more different atoms put together

c)

not really a word

8.

____________________ are organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon.

a)

hydrowater

b)

hydrocarbons

c)

hydrospheres

d)

hydromamma

9.

A mixture in which all the ingredients are evenly distributed are called

a)

mixtures

b)

solutions

c)

suspensions

10.

Macromolecules are (more than one answer)

a)

large molecules

b)

small molecules

c)

are need for life

d)

are sometimes called polymers

11.

Proteins are composed of the elements (more than one answer)

a)

carbon

b)

hydrogen

c)

nitrogen

d)

oxygen

12.

Functions of proteins include (more than one answer)

a)

producing tissues

b)

provide support

c)

providing a lot of energy

d)

immune and hormone functions

13.

Proteins can serve as enzymes which speed up reactions.

a)

True

b)

False

14.

Nucleic acids include the elements

a)

N, O, C

b)

N, O, C, H, P

c)

C, O, H

d)

H, N, C

15.

Examples of nucleic acids include (more than one answer)

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

ATP

d)

STP

16.

This is a picture of

a)

nucleic acid

b)

carbohydrate

c)

lipid

d)

protein

17.

In most organisms, the set of all of an individual's genes is divided into

a)

DNA

b)

chromosomes

c)

carbohydrates

d)

lipids

18.

This macromolecule consists of C, H, O and provides us with energy right away

a)

carbohydrates

b)

proteins

c)

lipids

d)

nucleic acids

19.

Fats, oils, and waxes are examples of

a)

lipids

b)

proteins

c)

nucleic acids

d)

carbohydrates

20.

Water covers about ____________% of the earth.

a)

50

b)

60

c)

70

d)

80

21.

The presence of water indicates

a)

dead things

b)

aquifers

c)

life

d)

cars

22.

Water sticking to another water molecule is called

a)

adhesion

b)

specific heat

c)

cohesion

d)

solvent

23.

Resistance to temperature change is the fact that water has

a)

a high specific heat

b)

cohesion

c)

adhesion

d)

solvent

24.

Water can dissolve most anything- it is considered to be the universal

a)

adhesion

b)

solvent

c)

cohesion

d)

specific heat

25.

A pH of 1-6 means you are a

a)

acid

b)

base

c)

neutral

26.

Something that has a pH of 7 is said to be

a)

pure water

b)

acid

c)

base

d)

neutral

27.

Soap and other cleaning products are considered to be

a)

acidic

b)

nuetral

c)

basic

28.

The _______________ is made of ALL the rock at and below the Earth's surface.

a)

hydrosphere

b)

geosphere

c)

lithosphere

d)

atmosphere

29.

The _____________________ is the hard rock on and just BELOW the Earth's surface.

a)

geosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

atmosphere

d)

hydrosphere

30.

The layer of gases that surround us make up the

a)

geosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

hydrosphere

d)

lithosphere

31.

The hydrosphere includes the (more than one answer)

a)

salt water

b)

freshwater

c)

ice

d)

water vapor

32.

The Earth's ___________ is a thin layer of relatively cool rock that forms Earth's outer "skin" both on dry land and in the ocean.

a)

geosphere

b)

lithosphere

c)

crust

d)

core

33.

The Earth's inner core is solid ball of metal.

a)

True

b)

False

34.

The movement of the ____________ causes large plates of the lithosphere to move

a)

asthenosphere

b)

mantle

c)

crust

d)

core

35.

According to your book, the plates move about _______ inches per year.

a)

1-6

b)

5-10

c)

4-8

d)

3-7

36.

The collision and separations of plates cause

a)

landforms to be created

b)

supercontinents

c)

asteroids

d)

laser beams

37.

Deposition is the

a)

depositing of money in the bank

b)

something lawyers do

c)

depositing of soil at a new location.

d)

depositing of rain on earth

38.

The movement of plates towards each other is called

a)

divergent plate boundary

b)

transform plate boundary

c)

convergent plate boundary

39.

When plates meet and slip and slide on each other, they are called

a)

divergent plate boundary

b)

transform plate boundary

c)

convergent plate boundary

40.

The San ANdreas Fault is an example of a

a)

divergent plate boundary

b)

transform plate boundary

c)

convergent plate boundary

41.

Subduction and mountain building are examples of

a)

divergent plate boundaries

b)

convergent plate boundaries

c)

transform plate boundaries

42.

The part of the earth in which living things interact and life is located is called the

a)

atmosphere

b)

biosphere

c)

lithosphere

d)

aesthenosphere

43.

Most of earth's water is

a)

salt water

b)

freshwater

44.

THe salt water portion of the earth comprises what %?

a)

97

b)

85

c)

15

d)

97.5

45.

________% is freshwater on this earth.

a)

3

b)

2.5

c)

1

d)

4

46.

Most of the freshwater is underground.

a)

True

b)

False

47.

Water moves from bodies of water into the atmosphere by a process called

a)

evaporation

b)

transpiration

c)

precepitation

d)

condensation

48.

Water leaving plants through their leaves called

a)

evaporation

b)

precipitation

c)

transpiration

d)

condensation

49.

Water returning from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface is called ____________.

a)

precipitation

b)

condensation

c)

transpiration

d)

evaporation

50.

Changing a gas to a liquid is called

a)

precipitation

b)

condensation

c)

evaporation

d)

transpiration

51.

Water is held in underground storage areas called

a)

groundwater

b)

holding tanks

c)

aquifers

d)

tables

52.

What is matter that organisms require for their life processes?

a)

resources

b)

nutrients

c)

biogeochemical cycles

53.

Nutrients that you need include

a)

micronutrients

b)

macronutrients

c)

both micro and macronutrients

54.

The process by which plants use CO2 and H2O to make sugars is called

a)

photosynthesis

b)

transpiration

c)

evaporation

d)

aerobic respiration

55.

The following equation

C6H12O6 + 6O2 gives 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

refers to

a)

photosynthesis

b)

aerobic respiration

56.

The largest source of carbon on this earth is

a)

limestone and other sedimentary rock

b)

the ocean

c)

human impact

d)

outer space

57.

Sources for carbon in the carbon cycle include (more than one answer)

a)

burning fossil fuels

b)

volcanic activity

c)

the cutting of forests

d)

burning of plants and trees to make farm land

58.

Hypoxia is

a)

high levels of oxygen in ponds, lakes, and streams

b)

low levels of oxygen in ponds, lakes, and streams.

59.

Humans add to the phosphorus cycle by (more than one answer)

a)

fertilizing our yards and crops

b)

releasing waste water form houses and businesses that contain detergents

c)

mining matereial from the soil

d)

weathering of rocks that end up in waterways.

60.

Fixing nitrogen into usable nitrogen called ammonia happens by (more than one answer)

a)

intense energy of a lightning strike

b)

intense volcanic activity

c)

fertilizers release by human activity

d)

top layer of soil comes into contact with nitrogen fixing bacteria

61.

The nitrogen cycle includes (more than one answer)

a)

release of nitrogen by industry and automobiles

b)

emissions from factories

c)

storing it in the form of fossil fuels

d)

decomposing waste

62.

What elements are the most abundant nutrients in the biosphere? (more than one answer)

a)

carbon

b)

nitrogen

c)

phosphorous

d)

oxygen

63.

Three important nutrients that are considered to be micronutrients include (more than one answer)

a)

potassium

b)

calcium

c)

iron

d)

nitrogen

64.

This micronutrient is needed for animal muscles and brains to keep functioning.

a)

potassium

b)

calcium

c)

iron

65.

This micronutrient strengthens bones and is needed by plants grown in acidic soil because it limit growth. It is also needed by coral and snails.

a)

potassium

b)

calcium

c)

iron

66.

This micronutrient is needed only in small amounts because it transports oxygen in the blood in animals and is necessary for photosynthesis in plants

a)

potassium

b)

iron

c)

calcium

67.

True or False The inner core is as hot as the sun.

a)

True

b)

False

68.

True or False Drilling to the inner core has allowed scientists to know what the inner core is made of- nickel and iron.

a)

False

b)

True

69.

True or False The outer core is solid and is made of nickel and iron.

a)

True

b)

False

70.

The atmosphere includes all of the gasses above the earth including the oxygen that we breathe. True or False

a)

True

b)

False

71.

The hydrosphere includes all of the gasses that we breathe. True or False

a)

False

b)

True

72.

Place the layers of the earth in the correct order.

a)

inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, crust, biosphere, atmosphere

b)

inner core, outer core, upper mantle, lower mantle, crust, atmosphere, biosphere

c)

outer core, inner core, lower mantle, crust, atmosphere, and biosphere

73.

The deepest hole that has been drilled how deep?

a)

7.5 miles

b)

20 miles

c)

22 miles

d)

1 mile

74.

Choose which statements are true about the Mariana Trench (more than one answer)

a)

Located near Japan and China

b)

Is 36,070 feet deep

c)

animals can survive at those depths

d)

Is located near the west coast of the United States