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AP Enzymes Review 2023

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 33mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Enzymes are an example of

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Protein

d)

Nucleic Acid

2.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
3.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell.  Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products   
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants 
4.
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site.  What is this called?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
5.
What 3 letters do enzymes typically end in?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
6.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
7.
After the enzyme and substrate bind together and perform the reaction, what does the substrate become?
a)
a substrate
b)
an enzyme
c)
a product
d)
an active site
8.
In the diagram, what is letter A? 
a)
product
b)
substrate
c)
enzyme-substrate complex
d)
active site
9.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
10.
Letter B...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
11.
Letter C...
a)
active site
b)
enzymes
c)
substrate
d)
products
12.
Letter E...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
13.

In a chemical reaction, ________ are what you have at the end

a)

Products

b)

Molecules

c)

Reactants

d)

Substances

14.
In a chemical reaction, bonds are broken and new bonds are formed that create new substances. The bonds that are broken are called what?
a)
Reactants
b)
Products
c)
Atoms
d)
Catalysts
15.
Enzymes provide a site where reactants called substrates can be brought together in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The site is called the
a)
enzyme substrate complex.
b)
reaction site.
c)
active site.
d)
lock and key.
16.
Chemical reactions always involve
a)
the breaking of bonds in reactants.
b)
the formation of new bonds in products.
c)
the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of new bonds in products.
d)
enzymes. 
17.
An enzyme speeds up a reaction by
a)
lowering the activation energy.
b)
raising the activation energy.
c)
releasing energy.
d)
absorbing energy.
18.
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site.  What is this called?
a)
reusablility
b)
denaturation
c)
specificity
d)
fragility
19.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
20.
An enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction in the cell but can only be used once.  True or False? 
a)
true
b)
false
21.
What is a substance called if it speeds up a chemical reaction?
a)
reusable
b)
catalyst
c)
specific
d)
fragile
22.
What is the name for the mechanism of enzyme activity?
a)
Lock and key
b)
jigsaw puzzle
c)
hammer and nail
d)
two hands pattern
23.
Any substance that is acted upon by an enzyme is called a(n)?
a)
Coenzyme
b)
Substrate
c)
Vitamin
d)
Polypeptide
24.
can a change in pH alter the active site of an enzyme
a)
yes
b)
no
25.
Which of these is NOT true?
a)
Enzymes can denature (change shape) when the temperature gets too high.
b)
Enzymes can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 
c)
Extreme pH can denature enzymes.
d)
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. 
26.
What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
The enzymes die.
b)
The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
c)
The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
d)
The enzymes remain the same
27.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
28.
Enzymes are composed of which of the following monomers? 
a)
amino acids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
nucleotides
d)
monosaccharides
29.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
30.
What is another name for enzymes?
a)
chemical catalysts
b)
microorganisms
c)
biological catalysts
d)
inorganic catalysts
31.
What is the name for the mechanism of enzyme activity?
a)
Lock and key
b)
jigsaw puzzle
c)
hammer and nail
d)
two hands pattern
32.
What is a Cataylst?
a)
A substance that speeds up a rate of chemical reaction.
b)
Molecules that make enzymes work harder and faster 
c)
reaction of an enzyme
d)
A substance that slows down a rate of chemical reaction.
33.
The diagram shows the series of a reactions that convert lactose into a usable form .
If enzyme 4 is denatured (stops working), the levels of which substance will increase?
a)
Lactose
b)
Galactose
c)
Glucose-1-Phosphate
34.
The graph shows the effect of temperature on enzyme action. What characteristic do enzymes E1, E2, and E3 share?
a)
Their activity increases between 20°C and 30°C.
b)
Their activity is greatest between 5°C and 10°C.
c)
Their activity is at a low level between 15°C and 25°C.
d)
Their activity is at a high level between 30°C and 40°C.
35.

What is the optimal pH of enzyme A?

a)

8

b)

2

c)

5.7-10

d)

10

36.
What is indicated by letter A?
a)
enzyme
b)
product
c)
substrate
d)
active site
37.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
38.
Which is NOT true?
a)
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions.
b)
Enzymes react best at a specific temperature.
c)
Enzymes only control ONE type of reaction.
d)
Enzymes are made of fatty acids.
39.
What is another name for enzymes?
a)
chemical catalysts
b)
microorganisms
c)
biological catalysts
d)
inorganic catalysts
40.
Babies do not have well developed digestive systems for breaking down proteins; therefore baby food is prepared after treatment with which enzyme? 
a)
protease
b)
lipase
c)
carbohydrase
d)
synthase
41.
The pH at which an enzyme is most efficient is called the _________ pH of an enzyme.
a)
neutral
b)
optimum
c)
minimum
d)
experimental 
42.

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for reactions in our cells?

a)

The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

b)

Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

c)

Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions.

d)

The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing.

43.

What is the optimal pH for this enzyme?

a)

6

b)

10

c)

9

d)

7

44.

A baby is locked in the car on a hot day. What is most likely to happen to the child?

a)

The child's body will adjust and cause it to maintain homeostasis

b)

The child's enzymes will denature causing chemical reactions to speed up in the body, which will lead to death.

c)

The child's enzymes will denature causing chemical reactions to slow down in the body, which will lead to death.

d)

The activation energy for chemical reactions will remain unchanged and therefore the child will live.

45.

Enzymes are _______________ that _____________________ chemical reactions by ____________ the amount of activation energy required to start the reaction.

a)

carbohydrates, slow down, lowering

b)

proteins, speed up, increasing

c)

lipids, speed up, lowering

d)

proteins, speed up, lowering

46.

What is the optimal temperature of this enzyme?

a)

60

b)

40

c)

70

d)

30

47.

How does an enzymes shape relate to its function?

a)

the shape of the enzyme has no relation to its function

b)

the enzyme is shaped specially for certain substrates to perform a specific reaction

c)

the enzyme shape acts as a receptor to certain products

d)

the enzyme shape can fit into specific substrates to cease a reaction

48.

What ph do enzymes work best at?

a)

1-3

b)

4-5

c)

6-8

d)

9-14

49.

What temperature do human enzymes work best?

a)

39 degrees Celsius

b)

12 degrees Celsius

c)

20 degrees Celsius

d)

37 degrees Celsius

50.

what is the enzyme that breaks down milk sugar?

a)

lactase

b)

diastase

c)

protease

d)

lipase

51.

Fireflies emit light. The production of light by an organism is called bioluminescence. To generate visible light, cells in a firefly’s tail produce thousands of luciferase enzymes. Luciferase binds to a chemical called luciferin. Once bound, the luciferase enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction that combines an oxygen molecule and luciferin to produce oxyluciferin. This reaction requires energy and releases light. Which of the following best describes how the luciferase enzyme speeds up the chemical reaction?

a)

Luciferase increases the amount of time the light is visible.

b)

Luciferase decreases the amount of energy required for the reaction to start.

c)

Luciferase increases the number of sites on luciferin that must bind to oxygen.

d)

Luciferase decreases the temperature of the environment inside the body of the firefly.

52.

The graphs show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH.


Based on these data, this enzyme functions best as what temperature and pH?

a)

Temperature of 27oC and a pH of 4

b)

Temperature of 37oC and a pH of 6

c)

Temperature of 40oC and a pH of 8

d)

Temperature of 50oC and a pH of 10

53.

The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited.


Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

a)

A substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme.

b)

The enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells.

c)

The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

d)

A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme.

54.

If nerve gasses are inhaled, they will temporarily bind to an area on many enzymes that will change the shape of the enzyme. This prevents the enzymes from interacting with other substances and interferes in proper nervous system functioning resulting in death. The nerve gas is an example of a(n):

a)

Substrate

b)

Activation Inhibitor

c)

Production Inhibitor

d)

Competitive Inhibitor

e)

Non-competitive Inhibitor

55.
Which line represents an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? 
a)
Line 1
b)
Line 2
56.
The portion labeled "B" represents the
a)
reaction with enzyme
b)
reaction without enzyme
c)
reactants
d)
products
57.
The portion labeled "D" represents the
a)
reaction with enzyme
b)
reaction without enzyme
c)
reactants
d)
products
58.
How do competitive inhibitors affect enzymes?
a)
It binds to the active site, blocking the substrate
b)
It changes the shape of the enzyme
c)
It increases the activation energy
d)
It decreases the activation energy
59.
How do non-competitive inhibitors affect enzymes?
a)
It binds to the active site, blocking the substrate
b)
It changes the shape of the enzyme
c)
It increases the activation energy
d)
It decreases the activation energy
60.
Enzymes are made up of these repeating monomers.
a)
monosaccharides
b)
amino acids
c)
nucleotides
d)
phospholipids
61.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
62.

If a mutation occurs in a DNA sequence that codes for an enzyme, what is the most likely result?

a)

There will likely be no change in the shape and function of the enzyme.

b)

The enzyme will most likely fold in a way that makes its shape incompatible with the substrate and the enzyme will not function correctly.

c)

The enzyme will not be produced at all.

d)

The enzyme will have an enhanced ability to bind with the substrate.

63.
Vitamin C
a)
Cofactor
b)
Coenzyme
c)
Competitive inhibitor
64.
Zinc and Iron
a)
Coenzymes
b)
Cofactors
c)
Organic
65.
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because ____________
a)
their enzymes are insensitive to temperature
b)
they use molecules other than proteins as their main catalysts
c)
their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
d)
they are able to maintain an internal temperature much cooler than that of the surrounding water
66.

Describes the process by which an enzyme's function at the active site may be either activated or inhibited by the binding of a regulatory molecule at a separate site.

a)

Allosteric Interactions

b)

Feedback Inhibition

c)

Competitive Inhibition

d)

Noncompetitive Inhibition

67.

A molecule that is so similar to the normal substrate that it competes for the active site of the enzyme

a)

Allosteric Inhibition

b)

Competitive Inhibition

c)

Noncompetitive Inhibition

d)

Feedback Inhibition

68.

The process by which a metabolic pathway is shut off by the product it produces

a)

Allosteric Inhibition

b)

Feedback Inhibition

c)

Competitive Inhibition

d)

Noncompetitive Inhibition

69.

A molecule that binds to the enzyme at a site other than the active site, causing the enzyme to change shape and be unable to bind substrate

a)

Allosteric Inhibition

b)

Feedback Inhibition

c)

Competitive Inhibition

d)

Noncompetitive Inhibition

70.

The best way to speed up an enzymatic reaction would be

a)

Add more substrate

b)

Add more enzyme

c)

Increase the temperature

d)

Increase the salinity

71.
The effect of temperature on the relative rate of action of an enzyme is represented in the graph below. 
The optimum temperature for the action of this enzyme is approximately
a)
15⁰C
b)
22⁰C
c)
37⁰C
d)
50⁰C
72.
Which statement best describes the enzyme represented in the graphs below? 
a)
This enzyme works best at a temperature of 35⁰C and a pH of 8
b)
This enzyme works best at a temperature of 50⁰C and a pH of 12
c)
This enzyme works best at a temperature of 35⁰C and a pH of 12
73.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
45oC
74.
Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins
a)
Acts as a catalyst to speed up reactions
b)
Fight infections and diseases (Immunity)
c)
carries oxygen within red blood cells
d)
Store genetic Information
75.

How many types of reactions can a specific enzyme direct?

a)

a wide variety of reactions

b)

only one specific reaction

c)

exactly 5 different reactions

d)

every reaction in the cell

76.

What does letter "C" represent in this diagram?

a)

Enzyme

b)

Substrate

c)

Active Site

d)

Products

77.

What does letter "D" represent in this diagram?

a)

Enzyme

b)

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

c)

Active Site-Enzyme Complex

d)

Products

78.

What does letter "E" represent in this diagram?

a)

Enzyme

b)

Enzyme-Substrate Complex

c)

Active Site

d)

Products

79.

What do we call the amount of energy required to

start a chemical reaction?

a)

Beginning energy

b)

Activation Energy

c)

Connecting energy

d)

Required Energy

80.

How does the presence of an enzyme affect the amount

of energy needed to start the reaction?

a)

Raises the amount of energy needed

b)

Lowers the amount of Energy needed

c)

Doubles the amount of energy needed

d)

The enzyme does not affect the energy level

81.
Enzymes speed up reaction rates by changing...
a)
Activation Energy
b)
pH
c)
Hydrogen Bonds
d)
Kinetic Energy
82.
Enzymes will make a reaction go _______ and use ______ energy.
a)
faster, less
b)
faster, more
c)
slower, less
d)
slower, more
83.

What is another name for an enzyme (What something similar is called in chemistry)?

(a)  

84.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

85.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

86.
a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

87.
a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

88.

A small amount of enzymes can act on a large amount of substrate because

a)

enzymes do not change after a reaction and can be used again.

b)

a little enzyme can supply enough energy to carry out a reaction.

c)

as the reaction is going on, more enzymes are produced.

d)

enzymes act in a all or none situation.

89.

Organic compounds are chemical compounds that contain the element

a)

hydrogen.

b)

carbon.

c)

oxygen.

d)

nitrogen.

90.

The new substances formed by an enzyme are called its ______________________.

a)

Substrate

b)

Active site

c)

Products

d)

Complex

91.

Which will affect the rate of a reaction that requires enzymes?

a)

Temperature

b)

pH

c)

Amount of enzyme

d)

All of the above

92.

Which is NOT a characteristic of enzymes?

a)

Reusable

b)

Can be denatured

c)

Specific

d)

Code for proteins

93.

When the substrate and enzyme are bonded together it is called...

a)

Catalyst

b)

Enzyme-substrate complex

c)

Products

d)

Reactants

94.

In noncompetitive inhibition the inhibitor binds to the active site.

a)

True

b)

False

95.

Why does the line on the graph go down after 40 celsius?

a)

The enzyme is denatured.

b)

The enzyme runs out.

c)

There is no substrate.

d)

The enzyme is inhibited.

96.

When an enzyme loses its shape and cannot do its job.

a)

Denature

b)

Hydrolysis

c)

Dehydration synthesis

d)

Translation

97.
a)

Primary Structure

b)

Secondary Structure

c)

Tertiary structure

d)

Quaternary Structure

98.

Three-dimensional shape stabilized by interactions between side chains

a)

Primary Structure

b)

Secondary Structure

c)

Tertiary structure

d)

Quaternary Structure

99.

Association of two or more polypeptides

a)

Primary Structure

b)

Secondary Structure

c)

Tertiary structure

d)

Quaternary Structure

100.

These are the bonds responsible for secondary structure of proteins.

a)

covalent

b)

hydrogen

c)

ionic

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