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WorksheetsCell Structure and Microscopy
Total questions: 64
Worksheet time: 1hrs 4mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass through
a)
a microtubule.
b)
the Golgi apparatus.
c)
a ribosome.
d)
the nucleus.
e)
the plasma membrane.
2.
Bacterial cell are prokaryotic; in comparison to a typical eukaryotic cell they would
a)
be smaller.
b)
have a smaller nucleus.
c)
lack a plasma membrane.
d)
have fewer internal membranous compartments.
e)
have a greater variety of organelles.
3.
You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi apparatus to
a)
make a lot of ATP.
b)
secrete a lot of material.
c)
move actively.
d)
perform photosynthesis.
e)
store large quantities of food
4.
Which of the following correctly matches an organelle with its function?
a)
mitochondrion . . . photosynthesis
b)
nucleus . . . cellular respiration
c)
ribosome . . . manufacture of lipids
d)
lysosome . . . movement
e)
central vacuole . . . storage
5.
Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing substances needed by the cell?
a)
lysosome, vacuole, ribosome
b)
ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER
c)
vacuole, rough ER, smooth ER
d)
smooth ER, ribosome, vacuole
e)
rough ER, lysosome, vacuole
6.
A cell has mitochondria, ribosomes, smooth and rough ER and a cell wall. Based on this information, it could not be
a)
a cell from a pine tree.
b)
a cell from moss.
c)
a yeast (fungus) cell.
d)
a bacterium.
e)
Actually, it could be any of the above.
7.
The electron microscope has been particularly useful in studying bacteria, because
a)
electrons can penetrate tough bacterial cell walls.
b)
bacteria are so small.
c)
bacteria move so quickly they are hard to photograph.
d)
with few organelles present, bacteria are distinguished by differences in individual macromolecules.
e)
their organelles are small and tightly packed together
8.
Which of the following clues would tell you whether a cell is prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
a)
the presence or absence of a rigid cell wall
b)
whether or not the cell is partitioned by internal membranes
c)
the presence or absence of ribosomes
d)
whether or not the cell carries out cellular metabolism
e)
whether or not the cell contains DNA
9.
Sara would like to film the movement of chromosomes during cell division. Her best choice for a microscope would be a
a)
light microscope, because of its resolving power.
b)
transmission electron microscope, because of its magnifying power.
c)
scanning electron microscope, because the specimen is alive.
d)
transmission electron microscope, because of its great resolving power.
e)
light microscope, because the specimen is alive.
10.
Which of the following is a common feature of all cells?
a)
Intracellular organelles.
b)
A lipid cell membrane.
c)
A nuclear membrane.
d)
An RNA genome.
11.
Which of the following best describes the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells?
a)
Processing and packaging proteins into transport vesicles for delivery to the Golgi apparatus.
b)
Synthesis of new membrane lipids.
c)
Synthesis of proteins.
d)
Synthesis of ribosomes.
12.
Which eukaryotic cellular organelles are believed to have evolved from symbiotic bacteria?
a)
endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus
b)
lysosomes
c)
mitochondria and chloroplasts
d)
peroxisomes
13.
What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a)
It generates energy to drive other biochemical processes.
b)
It is the site of the modification of proteins following their translation from RNA.
c)
It synthesises lipids using mRNA as a template.
d)
It is the site of destruction of unwanted biological materials.
14.
What is the definition of cell wall?
a)
A rigid layer of non-living material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
b)
A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell
c)
The dense area in a eukaryotic cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities.
15.
Is the cell membrane present in plant cells, an animal cells or both?
a)
Animal
b)
Plant
c)
Both
16.
The definition of nucleolus is?
a)
The nucleolus is the part of the nucleus containing most of the genes that code for the synthesis of ribosomal.
b)
The dense area in a prokaryotics cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities.
c)
A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
17.
What is endoplasmic reticulum?
a)
A cell structure that forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another.
b)
A Cell wall.
c)
A small grain—like structure in the cytoplasm of a cell where proteins are made.
18.
Ribosomes are......
a)
The site of ADP synthesis
b)
The site of lysosome synthesis
c)
Larger than mitochondria
d)
Located in the cytoplasm
19.
What is a nuclear envelope..............
a)
A double membrane with proteins and cholesterol.
b)
A single membrane with proteins and cholesterol.
c)
A double membrane with nucleotides and nuclear pores.
d)
A single membrane with nucleotides and nuclear pores.
20.
Of the following, choose the smallest structure
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Centrioles
21.
Plant cells contain cytoplasm.
a)
True
b)
false
22.
You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. You conclude that the cells
a)
are plant cells.
b)
could be either plant or bacterial.
c)
are animal cells.
d)
could be plant, animal, or bacterial.
e)
are bacteria.
23.
Cells are small because as cell size increases, the
a)
volume and surface area decrease.
b)
volume increases faster than the surface area.
c)
surface area and volume increase at the same rate.
d)
surface area increases faster than the volume.
24.
The diameter of most animal and plant cells ranges from
a)
1.0 to 10 microns.
b)
0.01 to 0.1 microns
c)
10 to 100 microns.
d)
100 to 1000 microns.
e)
0.1 to 1.0 microns.
25.
The image shows a single-celled organism named Euglena. The specimen was viewed with a…..
a)
Light microscope
b)
Fluorescence microscope
c)
Transmission electron microscope
d)
Scanning electron microscope
26.
Light microscopes
a)
work by reflecting electrons off the surface of an object being studied.
b)
can generally magnify objects about 10,000 times without blurring.
c)
use light and glass lenses to magnify an image.
d)
typically provide more resolution than an electron microscope.
e)
All of the choices are correct.
27.
A scraping of material from a person’s tooth revealed many bacteria found on the tooth surface. Such bacteria remain attached to the tooth surface by structures called
a)
pili
b)
anchoring junctions
c)
mitochondria
d)
flagella
28.
Rods, spheres and spirals are shapes of cells observed in
a)
plants
b)
animals
c)
fungi
d)
bacteria
29.
Cells without a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane systems in the cytoplasm are ____ cells.
a)
prokaryotic
b)
eukaryotic
c)
fungal
d)
protist
e)
more than one answer is correct
30.
Most organelles in a eukaryotic cell are found in the
a)
cell wall
b)
cytoplasm
c)
nucleus
d)
capsule
31.
A bacterial cell's DNA is found in its
a)
capsule.
b)
nucleoid region.
c)
nucleus.
d)
ribosomes.
e)
Bacteria do not have DNA
32.
Which one of the following is not found in prokaryotic cells?
a)
ribosomes
b)
a membrane-bound nucleus
c)
a cell wall
d)
a capsule
e)
pili
33.
When a cell is deprived of oxygen, its lysosomes tend to burst and release their contents into the cell. (This statement is true.) As a result of this, that cell would be expected to
a)
undergo self-digestion and die.
b)
recycle damaged organelles.
c)
produce additional ER.
d)
undergo cell division.
e)
produce replacement lysosomes.
34.
Insulin is a protein that is produced by certain pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. (This is true.) Which of the following choices best describes the route of insulin from its production to its exit from the cell?
a)
rough ER, transport vesicles, cell membrane
b)
rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane
c)
rough ER, lysosomes, transport vesicles, cell membrane
d)
rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, cell membrane
35.
Lysosomes
a)
destroy harmful bacteria engulfed by white blood cells.
b)
help to digest worn-out or damaged organelles.
c)
recycle materials within the cell.
d)
fuse with food vacuoles to expose nutrients to lysosomal enzymes.
e)
All of the choices are correct.
36.
The cytoskeleton is a system of ___ in ___ cells.
a)
proteins – prokaryotic
b)
proteins – eukaryotic
c)
DNA – prokaryotic
d)
DNA – eukaryotic
e)
more than one answer is correct
37.
Unlike animal cells, plant cells have __________ and __________ and _________.
a)
chloroplasts . . . cell walls… mitochondria.
b)
centrioles . . . cell walls… glycocalyx
c)
chloroplasts . . . cell walls… vacuoles
d)
centrioles . . . chloroplasts… vacuoles
e)
chloroplasts . . . cell walls… nucleoplasm
38.
The functions of the central vacuole of plant cells include _______
a)
storing pigments that will help attract pollinating insects.
b)
storing poisons.
c)
storing products of metabolism (e.g. sugar in sugar beet root cell vacuoles)
d)
helping increase the size of cells by absorbing water and producing pressure (turgor) against the wall.
e)
All of the choices are correct.
39.
The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of
a)
two layers of phospholipids with protein sandwiched between them.
b)
a protein bilayer with embedded phospholipids.
c)
a phospholipid single layer with embedded proteins
d)
a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins
40.
Membrane phospholipids
a)
have hydrophilic heads that face outward and are exposed to water.
b)
have hydrophobic tails that face inward and are shielded from water.
c)
Both A & B are correct
d)
None of the choices are correct.
41.
The cholesterol associated with cell membranes
a)
is attached to membrane proteins and extends into the watery environment surrounding the cell.
b)
helps to stabilize the cell membrane at higher or lower temperature.
c)
is an abnormality resulting from a diet high in cholesterol.
d)
makes the cell membrane fluid at room temperature.
e)
None of the choices are correct.
42.
A major function of glycoproteins and glycolipids in the cell membrane is to
a)
allow the cells to recognize each other.
b)
help the cell retain its shape.
c)
help the cell resist swelling.
d)
glue cells together to form tissues
e)
attach the cell membrane to the cytoskeleton.
43.
A gram negative bacterium is enclosed by
a)
A thick peptidoglycogon wall
b)
A thin peptidoglycogon wall
c)
No wall, just a cell membrane
44.
Gram positive bacteria stain
a)
Pink
b)
Purple
c)
Blue
d)
green
45.
The epithelial tissue found in the lungs where gas exchange occurs would be
a)
Simple squamous
b)
Cuboidal
c)
Columnar
d)
stratified
46.
Which electron microscope provides details of a cell's internal structures?
a)
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
b)
Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM)
c)
Light Microscope
d)
Dissecting Microscope
47.
What is needed to produce an image for an electron microscope?
a)
Light
b)
A living cell
c)
A vacumn
d)
Favorable weather
48.
Find the total magnification:
Eyepiece = 10X
Objective lens = 55X
Eyepiece = 10X
Objective lens = 55X
a)
10x
b)
55x
c)
65x
d)
550x
49.
What is the lytic and lysogenic cycle have in common?
a)
The host cell dies
b)
The virus dies
c)
The virus inserts its genetic information into the host cell
d)
copies of the virus are immediately released from the host
50.
What happens in the lysogenic cycle?
a)
Virus goes in and leaves the host cell
b)
Virus quickly kills the host cell
c)
Virus inject the nucleic acid into the host cell, and the nucleic acid integrates into the host cell DNA, and stay dormant for a long time
d)
Bacteria injects DNA into a host cell
51.
What happens in the lytic cyle?
a)
Virus goes in and leaves the host cell
b)
Virus quickly kills the host cell
c)
Virus sleeps inside of the host cell
d)
Virus stay dormant for a long time
52.
A virus can be classified by its type of
a)
mitochondria
b)
chromosomes
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrates
53.
A(n) _____ is a virus that enters a bacterial cell.
a)
endospore
b)
decomposer
c)
plasmid
d)
bacteriophage
54.
A capsid is
a)
a structure that directly causes cell lysis
b)
the type of virus that attacks bacteria
c)
the genetic material of a virus
d)
the protein coat of a virus
55.
HIV is an example of which type of virus?
a)
Naked virus
b)
Bacterial
c)
Lytic
d)
Retrovirus
56.
Influenza infects a cell and causes it to lyse immediately. Which type of virus is influenza?
a)
Lytic
b)
Lysogenic
c)
Bacterial
d)
None of the above
57.
Viruses _____.
a)
use the host cell to copy themselves and then viruses to synthesize their own proteins
b)
metabolize food to produce their own ATP
c)
use the host cell to copy themselves and make viral proteins
d)
manufacture their own ATP, proteins, and nucleic acids
58.
The host range of the virus is determined by ____.
a)
whether or not its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA
b)
the proteins on the surface and that of the host
c)
the enzymes carried by the virus
d)
the protein's in the hosts cytoplasm
59.
Which viruses have single stranded RNA that acts as a template for DNA synthesis?
a)
viroids
b)
bacteriophages
c)
retroviruses
d)
proviruses
60.
What is the function or reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?
a)
it uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis
b)
it translates viral RNA into proteins
c)
it converts host cell RNA into viral DNA
d)
it uses viral RNA as a template for making complimentary RNA strands
61.
The first class of drugs developed to treat AIDS, such as AZT, were known as reverse transcriptase inhibitors. They worked because they ___.
a)
bonded to the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme, thus preventing the virus from making a DNA copy of its RNA genome.
b)
prevented host cells from producing the enzymes used by the virus to replicate its genome
c)
bonded to the dsDNA genome of the virus in such a way that it could not separate for replication to occur
d)
targeted and destroyed the viral genome before it could be reverse transcribed into DNA
62.
Viral DNA that is inserted into the chromosome of a host bacterium is called
a)
an associated viral infection
b)
a lytic infection
c)
a viroid
d)
a prophage
63.
The nucleic acid of a virus is
a)
DNA only
b)
RNA only
c)
both DNA and RNA
d)
either DNA or RNA
64.
A prophage is a/an ____ stage in the cycle of ______
a)
latent, bacterial viruses
b)
inefective, RNA viruses
c)
early, poxviruses
d)
late, enveloped viruses
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