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Review Fundamentals of life

Total questions: 112

Worksheet time: 56mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
2.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
3.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
4.
The concentration of water is higher in the soil than in plant root cells. Water moves into root cells of a plant by...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
5.
Molecules diffusing with the concentration gradient through a protein channel is...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
6.
In a nerve cell, ATP energy is used to pump sodium (Na) out of the cell and potassium (K) into the cell. This is an example of...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
7.
Food is moved into the cell by ________________________.
a)
endocytosis
b)
diffusion
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
8.
This cell organelle helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.
a)
vacuole
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
9.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
10.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
11.
A cell in an isotonic solution will
a)
swell
b)
shrink
c)
stay the same size
d)
impossible to tell
12.
When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution water
a)
moves from the inside of the cell to the solution
b)
moves from the solution to the inside of the cell
c)
moves equally in and out of the cell
d)
none of these
13.
What type of transport is this?
a)
facilitated diffusion
b)
active transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
14.
Two examples of passive transport are
a)
Earth and Sun
b)
Diffusion and Osmosis
c)
Energy and Wind
d)
None of the above
15.
What is the function of ATP in living things?
a)
provides energy for cells
b)
stores genetic information
c)
provides structure in the nucleus
16.
Energy is released from ATP when
a)
a phosphate group is added
b)
adenine bonds to ribose
c)
ATP is exposed to sunlight
d)
a phosphate group is removed
17.
Autotroph or Heterotroph?
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
18.
Which of the following is not a requirement for glycolysis?
a)
Oxygen
b)
ATP
c)
NAD+
d)
Glucose
19.
Glycolysis results in the net gain of:
a)
2 ATP
b)
4 ATP
c)
4 NADH
d)
2 Acetyl CoA
20.
What is the starting molecule for glycolysis?
a)
Glucose
b)
ADP
c)
Oxygen
d)
Pyruvic Acid
21.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
mitochondrial matrix
b)
cytoplasm
c)
inner membrane of mitochondria
d)
outer membrane of mitochondria
22.
In glycolysis, glucose is converted into two molecules of _____. 
a)
citric acid
b)
oxaloacetic acid
c)
pyruvic acid
d)
Acetyl CoA
23.
What is Anaerobic Respiration?
a)
process of producing energy without oxygen.
b)
process of producing energy with oxygen.
24.
The number of ATP molecules produced out of Krebs Cycle is:
a)
2
b)
3
c)
4
d)
0
25.
The mitochondria is responsible for ...
a)
photosynthesis
b)
anaerobic respiration
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
fermentation
26.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
27.
What molecule absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis?
a)
chloroplast
b)
thylakoid
c)
grana
d)
chlorophyll
28.
Plants need carbon dioxide from their environment to produce glucose during which stage of photosynthesis? 
a)
The light-dependent stage
b)
The light-independent stage (The Calvin Cycle)
c)
The electron transport chain
d)
ATP formation
29.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur? 
a)
thylakoid membrane
b)
stroma
c)
mesophyll
d)
mitochondria
30.
Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?
a)
thylakoid
b)
stroma
c)
lumen
d)
mitochondria
31.
True or False.   The calvin cycle can happen at night.
a)
true
b)
false
32.
TRUE or FALSE.  The calvin cycle can happen during the day.
a)
True
b)
false
33.
What is the name of the simple sugar that is produced in photosynthesis?
a)
Sucrose
b)
Dextrose
c)
Glucose
d)
Lactose
34.
Animal and Plant cells are both this type of cell.
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
35.
Bacteria cells are this type of cell.
a)
Eukaryote
b)
Prokaryote
36.
This type of cell needs a cell wall and chloroplasts
a)
Plant cell
b)
Animal Cell
c)
Bacteria
37.
This type of cell has no nucleus, but it has a cell wall and ribosomes, but no other organelles.
a)
Plant cells
b)
Animals Cells
c)
Bacteria
38.
The powerhouse of the cell is the...It converts energy from food into energy the cell can use
a)
Mitochondrion
b)
Golgi body
c)
Nucleus
d)
Ribosomes
39.
Where are proteins made? These are small, grain-like or rod shaped organelles.
a)
Golgi body
b)
Mitoichondrion
c)
Chromosomes
d)
Ribosomes
40.
This organelle is in both plants and animals. It is a barrier between the cell and the environment.  It controls what goes in and out of a cell.
a)
cell wall
b)
cell membrane
c)
cell organelles
d)
mitochondria
41.
This cell part is in ALL cells. It is the gel-like substance that provides cell shape.
a)
Chloroplasts
b)
Chromosomes
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Mitochondria
42.
This organelle is in all eukaryotic cells. It is the control center of the cell because it holds the DNA.
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Nucleus
c)
Chloroplasts
d)
Ribosomes
43.
This organelle is like a recycling center for the cell. It breaks down old materials. It is like a vacuum cleaner that cleans up the waste in cells.
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Chloroplasts
44.
Plants perform photosynthesis through this organelle.  It captures energy from the sun and uses it to produce food for the cell.
a)
Chlorophyll
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Golgi Apparatus
45.
This structure is only in plant cells. It is outside of the cell membrane and adds more support/structure to the plant.
a)
Cell membrane
b)
Cell Nucleus
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
46.
This structure is a storage area for the cell. Plants usually have one large one.
a)
Lysosome
b)
Vacuole
c)
Ribosome
d)
Golgi Body
47.
This structure packages and distributes proteins throughout the cell. 
a)
Golgi Body
b)
Lysosome
c)
Ribosome
d)
Mitochondria
48.
These are passageways in the cell that carry proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another.
a)
Golgi Body
b)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
c)
Ribosome
d)
Nucleolus
49.
What is the difference between rough and smooth ER?
a)
There is no difference.
b)
Plants have rough ER, animals have smooth ER.
c)
What type of injuries the Doctors treat.
d)
Rough has ribosomes, smooth does not.
50.
What is the name of the genetic material that is inside the nucleus?
a)
ER
b)
ATP
c)
YOLO
d)
DNA
51.
What is the cytoskeleton?
a)
A jelly-like fluid inside the cell.
b)
A scary Halloween decoration.
c)
Web of proteins that acts as a muscle and a skeleton.
d)
Rigid structure that supports plant cells. 
52.
What is the main function of the cell membrane?
a)
Digestion
b)
Storage
c)
Protecitve Barrier
d)
INSANE IN THE MEMBRANE!
53.
What cell part is NOT found in all cells?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Genetic Material
54.
Which of the following scientists contributed to the cell theory?
a)
Rudolf Virchow, Robert Hooke, Anton van Leuwenhoek
b)
Matthais Schleiden, Theodor Schwann, Rudolf Virchow
c)
Robert Hooke, Theodor Schwann, Anton von Leuwenhoek
d)
Theodor Schwann, Matthais Schleiden, Robert HookeOption 4 (optional)
55.
Which of the following scientists was the first to observe bacteria?
a)
Anton van Leuwenhoek
b)
Matthais Schleiden
c)
Robert Hooke
d)
Theodor Schwann
56.
Which of the following statements is not part of the cell theory?
a)
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
b)
All cells are produced from other cells.
c)
Only animal cells are composed of cells.
d)
All living things are composed of cells.
57.
Temperature plays an important role in ...
a)
moving 
b)
homeostasis
c)
nonliving things
d)
the air
58.
Any living thing is called an
a)
organ
b)
organization
c)
organism
59.
A cat mates and produces kittens. This is an example of
a)
homeostasis
b)
reproduction
c)
growth and development
d)
stimuli
60.
a structure made up of different tissues working together
a)
organ
b)
cell
c)
tissue
d)
organelle
61.
a group of cells organized to do a job
a)
cell
b)
tissue
c)
prokaryotic
d)
animal
62.
a group of organs that work together
a)
organ system
b)
tissue
c)
cells
d)
organelle
63.
What is the correct order of organization
a)
tissues-cells-organs-organ systems-organism
b)
cell-tissue-organs-organ systems-organism
c)
organism-cells-tissues-organ systems-organism
d)
tissues-cells-organs-organ sytems-organism
64.

All ecosystems combined...

a)

biosphere

b)

community

c)

habitat

d)

population

65.

The lightest subatomic particle(s)...

a)

protons

b)

electrons

c)

neutrons

d)

nuclei

66.

Subatomic particle with a positive charge...

a)

electron

b)

proton

c)

neutron

d)

nucleus

67.

The smallest unit of matter that has the chemical properties of a particular element...

a)

ion

b)

compound

c)

cell

d)

atom

68.

DNA is an example of a(n)...

a)

atom

b)

element

c)

molecule

d)

ion

69.

A group of organisms of the same species in any given area...

a)

population

b)

community

c)

individuals

d)

community

70.

Atom → molecule → organelle → cell→ tissue → organ

→ system → organism

→ population → community

→ ecosystem → biosphere.

a)

Taxonomic System

b)

Classification system

c)

Levels of Organization

d)

Periodic Table

71.

Organisms who are members of the same species in an ecosystem.

a)

Organism

b)

Population

c)

Organ

d)

Community

72.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

73.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

74.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

75.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

76.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

77.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

78.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

79.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Delivery

80.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

81.

What is the purpose for anti-codons?

a)

to ensure the correct amino acid is dropped off

b)

to match the strand of DNA

c)

to decode a sequence of 4 nucleotides into an amino acid

d)

to make me hate biology

82.

When the two alleles of a particular gene are different:

a)

heterozygous

b)

homozygous

c)

genotype

d)

phenotype

83.

The set of alleles that an individual has:

a)

heterozygous

b)

phenotype

c)

homozygous

d)

genotype

84.

The allele that is fully expressed by itself:

a)

recessive

b)

homozygous

c)

dominant

d)

heterozygous

85.

A diagram used to predict the outcomes of a genetic cross:

a)

karyotype

b)

Punnett Square

c)

Pedigree

d)

Venn diagram

86.

The allele that is not expressed when the dominant corresponding allele is present:

a)

dominant

b)

heterozygous

c)

recessive

d)

homozygous

87.

A version of a gene:

a)

allele

b)

trait

c)

character

d)

generation

88.

When the two alleles of a particular gene are the same:

a)

homozygous

b)

genotype

c)

heterozygous

d)

phenotype

89.

Known as the father of modern genetics:

a)

Watson

b)

Crick

c)

Darwin

d)

Mendel

90.

Dominant alleles are represented with a:

a)

capital letter

b)

lower case letter

c)

shape

d)

symbol

91.

A detectable trait or traits that result from the genotype such as color, shape, etc:

a)

genotype

b)

homozygous

c)

heterozygous

d)

phenotype

92.

Group of offspring produced by a given set of parents:

a)

generation

b)

family

c)

characters

d)

partners

93.

The passing of genetic traits from parents to offspring:

a)

geneology

b)

heredity

c)

cellology

d)

physiology

94.
This experiment was conducted by the scientists:
a)
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey
b)
Harold Urey and Albert Einstein
c)
Louis Pasteur and Francesco Redi
d)
James Watson and Francis Crick
95.
Which type of cell came first?
a)
Eukaryotic
b)
Prokaryotic
c)
Plant
d)
Both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells evolved around the same time
97.
Based upon the conditions of the early Earth, which forms of live most likely appeared first?
a)
Prokaryotic and aerobic
b)
Prokaryotic and anaerobic 
c)
Eukaryotic and aerobic
d)
Eukaryotic and anaerobic
97.
Based upon the conditions of the early Earth, which forms of live most likely appeared first?
a)
Prokaryotic and aerobic
b)
Prokaryotic and anaerobic 
c)
Eukaryotic and aerobic
d)
Eukaryotic and anaerobic
98.
The theory of Endosymbiosis explains...
a)
The origin of eukaryotes
b)
How species develop
c)
How bacteria evolved
d)
Why cells rely on one another
99.

Which is NOT a phase of the cell cycle?

a)

Interphase

b)

Cytokinesis

c)

Mitosis

d)

Duplication

100.

Select ALL stages of Interphase

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

101.

In which stage of the cell cycle does the DNA replicate?

a)

G1

b)

S

c)

G2

d)

Mitosis

102.

A process where one cell forms two identical daughter calls is called...

a)

cell cycle

b)

interphase

c)

meiosis

d)

cytokinesis

103.

Human somatic sells contain 46 chromosomes; during meiosis, haploid SEX CELLS are formed with ________ chromosomes each.

a)

46

b)

23

c)

92

d)

54

104.

How many chromosomes do human somatic cells (body cells) have?

a)

23

b)

48

c)

46

d)

92

105.

When you start with 1 cell, at the end of mitosis, how many identical cells will you have?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

106.

After meiosis is complete how many cells will there be?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

107.
Place these cells in order of mitosis.
a)
A, B, C, D, E
b)
B, E, D, A, C
c)
C, E, A, D, B
d)
B, D, A, E, C
108.

How many steps does the scientific method have?

a)

4

b)

5

c)

6

109.

What is an experiment?

a)

A procedure

b)

An example

c)

An excercise

110.

The diferent variables are...

a)

Dependent and independent

b)

Independent, dependent and controlled

c)

Controlled and dependent

111.

What types of groups exist in an experiment?

a)

Control and answer

b)

Experimental and experiment

c)

Experimental and control

112.

How you formulate a hypotesis

a)

if... because

b)

if... then

c)

if... depend

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