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WorksheetsMidterm Grudgeball Review
Total questions: 111
Worksheet time: 56mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the monomer of a protein?
a)
amino acid
b)
monosaccharide
c)
fatty acid
d)
nucleic acid
2.
What is the monomer of a carbohydrate?
a)
monosaccharide
b)
nucleic acid
c)
amino acid
d)
fatty acid
3.
What is the monomer of a lipid?
a)
fatty acid & glycerol head
b)
nucleic acid
c)
amino acid
d)
monosaccharide
4.
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid?
a)
nucleotide
b)
monosaccharide
c)
fatty acid
d)
amino acid
5.
Molecules that end in 'ase' are always classified as what type of organic compound?
a)
sugars
b)
enzymes
c)
DNA
d)
saturated fats
6.
When a reaction takes place at an equal rate in both directions, the chemical reaction is in...
a)
equilibrium
b)
excess
c)
exothermic
d)
endothermic
7.
In order for a chemical reaction to take place, bonds must be broken in the ___________
a)
reactants
b)
products
8.
The specific reactants that an enzyme binds with and acts on are called...
a)
active sites
b)
substrates
c)
catalysts
d)
locks
9.
The specific site where an enzyme binds with a substrate, and a reaction takes place is called
a)
active site
b)
catalyst
c)
product
d)
reactant
10.
Which of the following does not affect an enzyme?
a)
pH
b)
temperature
c)
inhibitor
d)
they all affect an enzyme
11.
Are enzymes flexible, or are they picky
a)
Very picky, will only work in optimal conditions
b)
Flexible! They go with the flow
12.
What happens when an enzyme is denatured?
a)
It can no longer function
b)
the rate of the reaction is significantly increased
c)
the reaction slows down, and then speeds back up
d)
it becomes a super enzyme and makes reactions go even faster
13.
Which is not a function of a lipid?
a)
provides instructions for how to make a protein
b)
produces hormones
c)
long term energy
d)
provides cell structure/insulation
14.
What is the function of a carbohydrate?
a)
quick energy
b)
cell regulation
c)
building block of body
d)
stores genetic information
15.
Which of the following are examples of carbohydrates?
a)
breads & pastas
b)
fats & oils
c)
meats & beans
d)
DNA & RNA
16.
What is the function of a nucleic acid?
a)
to store genetic information
b)
quick energy
c)
produces hormones
d)
building block of body
17.
Which of the following are examples of nucleic acids?
a)
meats & beans
b)
DNA & RNA
c)
fats & oils
d)
breads & pastas
18.
Which of the following are examples of lipids?
a)
fats & oils
b)
meats & beans
c)
DNA & RNA
d)
breads & pastas
19.
What is the function of a protein?
a)
building blocks of our bodies
b)
quick energy
c)
cellular insulation
d)
store genetic information
20.
Which of the following are examples of proteins?
a)
meats & beans
b)
breads & pastas
c)
DNA & RNA
d)
fats & oils
21.
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called...
a)
activation energy
b)
enzyme energy
c)
catalystic energy
d)
chemical energy
22.
What does an enzyme to to the activation energy of a chemical reaction?
a)
decreases it
b)
increases it
c)
has no effect
23.
What is the overall affect of an enzyme on a chemical reaction?
a)
it speeds it up
b)
it slows it down
c)
it has no effect
24.
Which of the following best describes the "lock-and-key" model?
a)
one specific enzyme binding to one specific substrate
b)
producing a glucose molecule during photosynthesis
c)
the process of breaking down glucose for energy
d)
allowing glucose to pass through the cell membrane
25.
Molecules that end in 'ose' are classified as what organic compound?
a)
sugars
b)
enzymes
c)
proteins
d)
starches
26.
The diffusion of water molecules across a membrane from high water concentration to low concentration is...
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Facilitated Diffusion
d)
Pinocytosis
27.
The natural movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration is...
a)
Osmosis
b)
Phagocytosis
c)
Active Transport
d)
Diffusion
28.
A solution that has a lower concentration of solute compared to a cell is called a ___________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
29.
A solution that has a higher concentration of solute compared to a cell is a _________________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
30.
A solution that has an equal concentration of solutes compared to a cell is an _____________.
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
31.
The uptake of liquids or large molecules INTO a cell by inward folding of the cell membrane is...
a)
Endocytosis
b)
Exocytosis
c)
Passive Transport
d)
Phospholipid
32.
The release of substances out of a cell by the fusion of a vesicle with the membrane is called...
a)
Exocytosis
b)
Endocytosis
c)
Pinocytosis
d)
Phagocytosis
33.
The diffusion of molecules from high concentration to low concentration that is assisted by protein channels within a cell membrane is called...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Diffusion
c)
Osmosis
d)
Passive Transport
34.
A cell that has a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles is called a...
a)
Eukaryotic cells
b)
Prokaryotic cells
c)
Bacterial cell
35.
A cell that does not have a nucleus or other membrane bound organelles is called a...
a)
Prokaryotic cell
b)
Eukaryotic cell
36.
A molecule that forms a double layer and makes up our cell membrane is called a...
a)
Phospholipid
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Enzyme
d)
Catalyst
37.
Which of the following is not a component of the cell membrane?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Phospholipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic Acid
38.
The movement of molecules across the cell membrane without energy input from the cell is called...
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
39.
Energy requiring movement of molecules across a membrane from low to high concentration is...
a)
Active Transport
b)
Passive Transport
40.
Which organelle contains all of a cell's instructions (DNA) on how to make our proteins?
a)
Nucleus
b)
Vacuole
c)
Ribosome
d)
Cell Membrane
41.
Which organelle regulates what enters and exits the cell, & provides support?
a)
Cell Membrane
b)
Golgi Apparatus
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Smooth ER
42.
Which organelle is rigid to support & protect plant cells?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Rough ER
d)
Ribosome
43.
Which organelle produces proteins based on the genetic instructions coded in DNA?
a)
Ribosomes
b)
Chloroplasts
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Lysosomes
44.
Which organelle is the site of protein production because it is studded with ribosomes?
a)
Rough ER
b)
Smooth ER
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Vesicle
45.
Which organelle is the site where lipids are produced?
a)
Smooth ER
b)
Rough ER
c)
Golgi Apparatus
d)
Cell Wall
46.
Which organelle modifies, sorts, and packages proteins?
a)
Golgi Apparatus
b)
Nucleus
c)
Vacuole
d)
Centriole
47.
Which organelle breaks down food into energy for the cell to use?
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Cytoplasm
48.
Which organelle converts light energy into food for the cell?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Cell Wall
d)
Golgi Apparatus
49.
Which organelle provides storage for the cell?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Ribosome
c)
Rough ER
d)
Smooth ER
50.
Which organelle is the jelly-like fluid that fills the cell and suspends all of the organelles?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Vacuole
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Mitochondria
51.
Which organelle contains enzymes that break down substances and "clean up" animal cells only?
a)
Lysosomes
b)
Golgi Apparatus
c)
Vacuole
d)
Ribosome
52.
Which organelle helps animal cells divide evenly & easily?
a)
Centrioles
b)
Lysosomes
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Cytoskeleton
53.
Which organelle is made up of proteins that supports the cell & helps with cell movement?
a)
Cytoskeleton
b)
Centrioles
c)
Lysosomes
d)
Smooth ER
54.
Which organelle divides materials and transports them to specific areas within the cell?
a)
Vesicles
b)
Cytoskeleton
c)
Vacuoles
d)
Ribosomes
55.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the Cell Theory?
a)
The cell is the basic unit of life
b)
All living things are made of cells
c)
All cells come from pre-existing cells
d)
All living things are multicellular organisms
56.
What will happen to a cell as a result of being placed in a hypotonic solution?
a)
The cell will swell
b)
The cell will shrink
c)
The cell will stay the same
57.
What will happen to a cell that is has been placed in a hypertonic solution?
a)
The cell will shrivel
b)
The cell will swell
c)
The cell will stay the same
58.
What does it mean to be "selectively permeable?"
a)
Allowing some, but not all, molecules to pass through
b)
Allowing all molecules to pass through
c)
Allwoing no molecules to pass through
59.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
a)
To make sugar
b)
To make energy
c)
To make oxygen
d)
To make carbon dioxide
60.
Plants appear green because they reflect ______________ light from the visible light spectrum.
a)
red
b)
yellow
c)
blue
d)
green
61.
A molecule that provides energy to cells and is produced during cellular respiration is...
a)
ATP
b)
DNA
c)
RNA
d)
ADP
62.
The products of cellular respiration are...
a)
water, oxygen, and ATP
b)
glucose, oxygen, and ATP
c)
oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ATP
d)
carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
63.
The initial source of energy for all living things is...
a)
glucose
b)
sunlight
c)
oxygen
d)
ATP
64.
The reactants/inputs for the process of photosynthesis are...
a)
carbon dioxide, glucose, and light energy
b)
carbon dioxide, oxygen, and light energy
c)
carbon dioxide, water, and light energy
d)
ATP, water, and light energy
65.
Glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water and release energy during...
a)
osmosis
b)
fermentation
c)
photosynthesis
d)
cellular respiration
66.
Most ATP produced by a cell is made in the...
a)
ribosomes
b)
chloroplasts
c)
mitochondria
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
67.
The products of photosynthesis are...
a)
water and oxygen
b)
glucose and oxygen
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
carbon dioxide and water
68.
The __________ organelle is found only in plants that make their own food through photosynthesis.
a)
ribosome
b)
chloroplast
c)
mitochondria
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
69.
In which organelle does cellular respiration occur?
a)
chloroplasts
b)
mitochondria
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosomes
70.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP is the equation for what process?
a)
cellular respiration
b)
photosynthesis
71.
Oxygen is a product/output of cellular respiration.
a)
true
b)
false
72.
A product/output of photosynthesis is glucose.
a)
true
b)
false
73.
What molecule do cells break down for energy in the process of cellular respiration?
a)
ATP
b)
CO2
c)
H2O
d)
C6H12O6
74.
Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?
a)
water
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
oxygen
d)
ATP
75.
Which of the following organisms performs cellular respiration?
a)
kittens
b)
humans
c)
flowers
d)
all of the above
76.
Which biomolecule is most commonly broken down into energy for our cellular processes?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
lipid
77.
This is a chemosynthetic organism. This means that it uses ______ energy to power cell processes.
a)
chemical
b)
light
c)
solar
d)
radiant
78.
What is the goal of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
to build sugars
b)
to capture/absorb light
79.
What is the goal of the light-independent reactions?
a)
to build sugars
b)
to capture/absorb light
80.
Where do the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place?
a)
stroma
b)
thylakoid
c)
cytoplasm
d)
mitochondria
81.
Which of the following describes the thylakoid of the chloroplast
a)
fluid space inside a chloroplast
b)
pancake membrane that absorbs light & contains chlorophyll
c)
stack of thylakoids
d)
matrix
82.
6CO2 + 6H2O ----LIGHT---> C6H12O6 + 6O2 is the equation for what cellular process?
a)
photosynthesis
b)
cellular respiration
83.
Fermentation is important because it allows glycolysis to continue making ____ when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration.
a)
ATP
b)
ADP
c)
DNA
d)
RNA
84.
What process takes place in your muscle cells during hard exercise, when not enough oxygen is available?
a)
cellular respiration
b)
fermentation
c)
glycolysis
d)
light-dependent reactions
85.
What does it mean to be an ANAEROBIC process?
a)
requires oxygen
b)
does not require oxygen
c)
requires carbon dioxide
d)
does not require carbon dioxide
86.
How can photosynthesis be related to cellular respiration?
a)
What's produced (made) by one is needed (the reactants) for the other
b)
They both produce the same products
c)
They both have the same reactants (need the same things)
d)
These 2 processes have nothing in common
87.
If an organism contains 10% Thymine, what percent Cytosine does it have?
a)
40%
b)
10%
c)
20%
d)
80%
88.
What would be the mRNA strand that is transcribed from the bottom DNA strand?
a)
AUGCCUAU
b)
ATGCCTAT
c)
AUGGCUAC
d)
UACCGAUG
89.
Which enzyme adds free nucleotides to exposed ends of DNA during replication?
a)
DNA Polymerase
b)
DNA Ligase
c)
DNA Helicase
d)
RNA Polymerase
90.
A point mutation changes the mRNA strand UCU to UCC. What type of point mutation is this?
a)
silent mutation
b)
nonsense mutation
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
91.
A protein has the amino acid sequence Met-Pro-Gly-Stop. Which mRNA strand would code for this?
a)
AUG-CCU-GGA-UAG
b)
AUG-GGC-CCA-UGA
c)
UAG-GGA-CCU-AUG
d)
AUG-GAU-AAA-UAA
92.
A mutation is...
a)
Always a bad thing
b)
Always a good thing
c)
A change in a sequence of DNA
d)
A change in a sequence of RNA
93.
A point mutation changes the DNA strand AGT to ACT. What type of point mutation is this?
a)
Nonsense mutation
b)
Silent mutation
c)
Missense mutation
d)
Frameshift mutation
94.
A point mutation changes the DNA strand TAG to TAA. What type of point mutation is this?
a)
Silent
b)
Nonsense
c)
Missense
d)
Frameshift
95.
A point mutation changes the DNA strand TCG to TCC. What type of point mutation is this?
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Frameshift
96.
Transcription converts ___________ to ___________
a)
DNA to RNA
b)
DNA to Proteins
c)
RNA to Proteins
d)
DNA to Amino Acids
97.
Translation converts ___________ to __________
a)
DNA to Proteins
b)
RNA to Proteins
c)
DNA to RNA
d)
DNA to Amino Acids
98.
This type of RNA carries the amino acid from the cytoplasm to the ribosome during PS?
a)
tRNA
b)
rRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
pRNA
99.
The bottom of a tRNA molecule contains the _____________, which pairs up with the codon in mRNA
a)
anticodon
b)
DNA
c)
codon
d)
amino acid
100.
The top of a tRNA molecule contains the ___________________ which are then assembled in a chain
a)
amino acid
b)
codon
c)
DNA
d)
anticodon
101.
This type of RNA carries genetic information out of the nucleus, to the ribosomes in cytoplasm
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
pRNA
102.
This type of RNA is part of the ribosome and guides the translation of mRNA into a protein
a)
rRNA
b)
tRNA
c)
mRNA
d)
pRNA
103.
Which process converts an mRNA message into a protein?
a)
Translation
b)
Transcription
c)
Translocation
d)
Replication
104.
Which enzyme unzips & unwinds the 2 strands of DNA during replication?
a)
DNA Helicase
b)
DNA Ligase
c)
DNA Polymerase
d)
RNA ligase
105.
The function of RNA Polymerase is to...
a)
Adds nucleotides to form a RNA molecule during Transcription
b)
Adds nucelotides to form a DNA molecule during Replication
c)
Glues nucleotides to new DNA strands
d)
Unzips & unwinds 2 DNA strands
106.
The function of DNA Polymerase is to...
a)
Adds nucleotides to form a RNA molecule during Transcription
b)
Adds nucelotides to form a DNA molecule during Replication
c)
Glues nucleotides to new DNA strands
d)
Unzips & unwinds 2 DNA strands
107.
This nucleotide would be found in which type of nucleic acid?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
108.
The following image is the monomer of what biomolecule?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
carbohydrate
d)
nucleic acid
109.
What would the complementary strand of DNA be to the strand in the picture?
a)
ACGTCA
b)
ACGUCA
c)
TGCAGT
d)
ACTGCA
110.
What would the mRNA transcript be from the DNA sequence TAC-GAA-CCT-ATC?
a)
AUG-CUU-GGA-UAG
b)
ATG-CTT-GGA-TAG
c)
CTA-TCC-AAG-CAT
d)
Met-Leu-Trp-Val
111.
What would the anticodon be for the mRNA transcript CUA-GCC-UUA?
a)
GAU-CGG-AAU
b)
GAT-CGG-AAT
c)
CGA-AGT-UUU
d)
AUU-GAC-UGA
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