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Steele HS Anatomy & Physiology Midterm Review 2019

Total questions: 83

Worksheet time: 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which one of the following is NOT a main function of the nervous system?

a)

protection

b)

sensory input

c)

motor output

d)

integration

2.

Neurons can _________ while neuroglia can __________.

a)

replicate, conduct

b)

support, form myelin sheaths

c)

conduct, replicate

d)

conduct, activate

3.

A neuron that transmits a nerve impulse toward the CNS is called a

a)

motor neuron

b)

sensory neuron

c)

association (interneuron)

4.

The correct order for impulse conduction through a neuron is: (not all parts listed)

a)

dendrite, axon, cell body, receptor

b)

dendrite, cell body, axon, synapse

c)

axon, cell body, dendrite, synapse

5.

A neuron cannot replicate because they lack these organelles that regulate mitosis:

a)

Centrioles

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Nucleus

d)

Cell membrane

6.

Which substance is prevented from entering the brain?

a)

antibiotics

b)

glucose

c)

alcohol

d)

nicotine

7.

Your patient is admitted to the emergency room complaining of blurred vision in the right eye, numbness on the right side of her tongue, and numbness down the right arm. You notice her speech is slurred and the right side of her face is drooping. You suspect ____.

a)

Alzheimer’s disease

b)

Multiple sclerosis

c)

Cerebral palsy

d)

CVA(Cerebrovascular accident)

8.

Pablo Picasso is having trouble with muscle control. He says that he is usually just fine, but has flare ups of vision problems and muscle control. An MRI reveals hardening of the myelin sheath in his CNS. You suspect ____.

a)

Alzheimer’s disease

b)

Multiple sclerosis

c)

Cerebral palsy

d)

CVA(Cerebrovascular accident)

9.

Jamal arrives at the emergency room by ambulance. His parents said he collided with the goal post cracking helmet during his football game. Initially, he was alert and acting normal, but a few hours later, his behavior changed. He became lethargic and disoriented. You suspect___.

a)

Alzheimer’s disease

b)

Multiple sclerosis

c)

Cerebral edema

d)

CVA(Cerebrovascular accident)

10.

This is the part of the brain whose disruption by alcohol or trauma causes you to stumble and not be coordinated with your muscles.

a)

Brainstem

b)

Medulla oblongata

c)

Midbrain

d)

Cerebellum

11.

The contractile unit of muscle is a

a)

fiber

b)

myofibril

c)

sarcomere

d)

myofilament

12.

The chief function of the T-tubules is

a)

to provide nutrients to the muscle fiber

b)

to allow for the fiber to contract

c)

to allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cells

d)

to allow for the generation of new muscle fibers

13.

A muscle that stabilizes a motion

a)

antagonists

b)

agonist

c)

synergist

d)

fixator

14.

A muscle that assumes major responsibility for producing a specific movement

a)

antagonists

b)

agonist

c)

synergist

d)

fixator

15.

a muscle that helps the prime mover

a)

antagonists

b)

agonist

c)

synergist

d)

fixator

16.

reverses or opposes a particular motion

a)

antagonists

b)

agonist

c)

synergist

d)

fixator

17.

Ability to receive and respond to stimulus

a)

Extensibility

b)

Elasticity

c)

Contractility

d)

Excitability

18.

Ability to shorten forcibly

a)

Extensibility

b)

Elasticity

c)

Contractility

d)

Excitability

19.

Ability to be stretched or extended

a)

Extensibility

b)

Elasticity

c)

Contractility

d)

Excitability

20.

Ability to resume resting length (recoil)

a)

Extensibility

b)

Elasticity

c)

Contractility

d)

Excitability

21.

freely movable joint

a)

Amphiarthroses

b)

Diarthroses

c)

Synarthroses

22.

immovable joint

a)

Amphiarthroses

b)

Diarthroses

c)

Synarthroses

23.

slightly movable joint

a)

Amphiarthroses

b)

Diarthroses

c)

Synarthroses

24.

fibrocartilage discs that subdivide a joint cavity to improve stability

a)

articular cartilage

b)

menisci

c)

synovial fluid

d)

synovial membrane

25.

lubricating liquid that also nourishes articular cartilage

a)

articular cartilage

b)

menisci

c)

synovial fluid

d)

synovial membrane

26.

produces synovial fluid, inner portion of articular capsule

a)

articular cartilage

b)

menisci

c)

synovial fluid

d)

synovial membrane

27.

protects & cushions ends of bone

a)

articular cartilage

b)

menisci

c)

synovial fluid

d)

synovial membrane

28.

What is structure A?

a)

Neuromuscular junction

b)

T-Tubule

c)

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Sarcomere

e)

Z Line

29.

What is structure B?

a)

Neuromuscular junction

b)

T-Tubule

c)

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Sarcomere

e)

Z Line

30.

What is structure C?

a)

Neuromuscular junction

b)

T-Tubule

c)

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Sarcomere

e)

Z Line

31.

What is structure D?

a)

Neuromuscular junction

b)

T-Tubule

c)

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Sarcomere

e)

Z Line

32.

What is structure E?

a)

Neuromuscular junction

b)

T-Tubule

c)

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

d)

Sarcomere

e)

Z Line

33.

What is structure A?

a)

synovial membrane

b)

articular cartilage

c)

Joint cavity

d)

ligament

e)

periosteum

34.

What is structure F?

a)

synovial membrane

b)

articular cartilage

c)

Joint cavity

d)

ligament

e)

periosteum

35.

What is structure E?

a)

articular capsule

b)

articular cartilage

c)

Joint cavity

d)

ligament

e)

periosteum

36.

What is structure B?

a)

articular capsule

b)

articular cartilage

c)

Joint cavity

d)

ligament

e)

periosteum

37.

What is structure C?

a)

articular capsule

b)

articular cartilage

c)

Joint cavity

d)

ligament

e)

periosteum

38.

What is structure D?

a)

articular capsule

b)

articular cartilage

c)

Joint cavity

d)

ligament

e)

periosteum

39.

Which one of the following is NOT a correctly matched function of bones?

a)

Storage: of fat & minerals

b)

Protection: hormones secreted make bone hard

c)

Hematopoiesis: blood cell formation

d)

Support: internal framework

40.

Hematopoiesis is carried out in the

a)

Yellow bone marrow

b)

Red bone marrow

c)

Haversian canals

d)

Epiphyseal plates

41.

The ______________ is to bone as a coat is to you.

a)

Endosteum

b)

Periosteum

c)

Yellow bone marrow

d)

Epiphyseal plate

42.

Your joints can move with smooth friction reduced motion due to _______ on the ends of the bones.

a)

Epiphyseal plates

b)

Periosteum

c)

Articular cartilage

d)

Sharpey’s fibers

43.

Longitudinal growth ceases when the _________ plates ossify.

a)

Epiphyseal

b)

Periosteum

c)

Articular cartilage

d)

Sharpey’s fibers

44.

Which one of the following fractures is typically only seen in children?

a)

Impact

b)

Spiral

c)

Depressed

d)

Greenstick

45.

In a compound fracture, which one of the following is an additional complication?

a)

Infection

b)

Dehydration

c)

Mechanical forces

d)

Brain trauma

46.

If you are an aged post-menopausal woman, the disorder you are most likely to get is:

a)

Gigantism

b)

Osteoporosis

c)

Osteomalacia

d)

Paget’s disease

47.

A person who has a blood cell cancer, such as leukemia, has uncontrolled cell growth in the region of the ______.

a)

Red bone marrow

b)

Yellow bone marrow

c)

Epiphyseal plate

d)

Matrix

48.

Bone remodeling is regulated by which 2 hormones?

a)

Lactase

b)

PTH

c)

Calcitonin

d)

Testosterone

49.

This type of fracture is likely to

a)

occur in a child

b)

occur from a fall on an out stretched arm

c)

occur in an older adult

d)

cause an infection

50.

This type of fracture is likely to

a)

occur in a child

b)

occur from a fall on an out stretched arm

c)

occur in an older adult

d)

cause an infection

51.

Which layer of skin contains features that give us our no slip grip and forms fingerprints?

a)

Stratum spinosum

b)

Stratum granulosum

c)

Papillary layer

d)

Reticular layer

52.

Which of the following is a characteristic of the EPIDERMIS?

a)

Contains blood vessels

b)

Composed primarily of adipose tissue

c)

Avascular

d)

Composed of connective tissue

53.

Goosebumps or the “hair standing on end” occur because of the contraction of

a)

Arrector pili

b)

Hair shaft

c)

Matrix

d)

Hair follicle

54.

The type of hair found on your scalp, eyebrows, and armpits is

a)

Lanugo

b)

Terminal

c)

Vellus

55.

_____________along with sweating, is involved in cooling down the body.

a)

Vasoconstriction

b)

Vasodilation

56.

Mr. Smith was checking the radiator fluid in his car, when he grabbed the cap, his skin began to sizzle, and a large blister formed. The examining doctor states that it is a partial thickness burn. What degree of burn does the patient have?

a)

First degree

b)

Second degree

c)

Third degree

57.

Ethan and Jace were lighting a bon fire when the flames flashed burning Ethan’s arms severely. His skin was blackened and charred, but numb. The examining doctor states that it is a full thickness burn that will require skin grafts. What degree of burn does the patient have?

a)

First degree

b)

Second degree

c)

Third degree

58.

What are the 2 most critical factors in treating a severely burned patient?

a)

Give fluids to counteract dehydration

b)

Keep the patient calm so they do not hyperventilate

c)

Cover the burn with antibiotic dressings to prevent infection

d)

Give the patient food so they will have energy

59.

As we age, a reduced ability to form & activate vitamin D leads to which one of the following?

a)

Reduction in the synthesis of collagen & elastin fibers

b)

Reduced activity of the sebaceous glands

c)

Diminished blood supply to follicles

d)

Reduction in bone health

60.

Chef Boy R.D. is burned on the arm when a kettle of spaghetti sauce explodes. The skin appears slightly reddened, hot, and painful, but without blisters. The examining doctor states that it is a partial thickness burn. What degree of burn does the patient have?

a)

First degree

b)

Second degree

c)

Third degree

61.

Name structure A

a)

Arrector pili muscle

b)

Dermis

c)

Epidermis

d)

Hypodermis

e)

Sebaceous gland

62.

Name structure E

a)

Arrector pili muscle

b)

Dermis

c)

Epidermis

d)

Hypodermis

e)

Sebaceous gland

63.

Name structure D

a)

Arrector pili muscle

b)

Dermis

c)

Epidermis

d)

Hypodermis

e)

Sebaceous gland

64.

Which of the following cells generates and conducts impulses?

a)

Neurons

b)

Neuroglia

c)

Epithelial cells

d)

Muscle cells

65.

If you have a brain tumor caused by cells regenerating out of control, which type of tissue is it likely to be made of?

a)

Neurons

b)

Neuroglia

c)

Epithelial cells

d)

Muscle cells

66.

The TWO types of lipids found in the plasma (cell) membrane are

a)

Cholesterol

b)

Fat soluble vitamins

c)

Neutral fats

d)

Phospholipids

67.

Your DNA instructs your ribosomes to make proteins. Mutated DNA may get the __________ of the amino acids wrong thus resulting in the wrong protein being formed.

a)

Hydrogen bonds

b)

Sequence

c)

Peptide bonds

d)

Size

68.

Enzymes are __________.

a)

Proteins

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Lipids

d)

Nucleic Acids

69.

An enzyme ________ the speed of reaction by ______ the activation energy needed.

a)

Increases, increasing

b)

Increases, decreasing

c)

Decrease, increasing

d)

Decrease, decreasing

70.

Which type of musclce tissue contains bifurcations & interalated discs?

a)

Skeletal muscle

b)

Smooth muscle

c)

Cardiac muscle

71.

Which type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of hollow organs?

a)

Skeletal muscle

b)

Smooth muscle

c)

Cardiac muscle

72.

Which type of muscle tissue functions in voluntary contraction?

a)

Skeletal muscle

b)

Smooth muscle

c)

Cardiac muscle

73.

Cells that can self-renew and differentiate (become specialized) are known as ________.

a)

Muscle cells

b)

Epithelial cells

c)

Stem cells

d)

Neurons

74.

In identifying that cells make up tissues which make up organs which make up organ systems in the human organism, which one of the essential concepts of A&P are you illustrating?

a)

Maintenance of homeostasis

b)

Hierarchy of structural organization

c)

Principle of complementarity

d)

structure and function

75.

In recognizing that the heart valves cause the one way blood flow that effectively delivers oxygen, which one of the essential concepts of A&P do you understand?

a)

Maintenance of homeostasis

b)

Hierarchy of structural organization

c)

Principle of complementarity

d)

structure and function

76.

Which one of the following would NOT represent an anatomical study?

a)

Making a section through the heart to observe the valves & chambers

b)

Drawing blood from recently fed laboratory animals at timed intervals to determine their blood sugar levels

c)

Examining the features on the surface of a bone

d)

Viewing muscle tissue structure through a microscope

77.

A study of which of the following would represent an anatomical study?

a)

Placement of ligaments in a joint

b)

Blood flow velocity

c)

Pressure changes in lungs when inhaling

d)

Force of a muscle contraction

78.

Which of the systems is responsible for rapid, short term communication?

a)

endocrine

b)

nervous

79.

A group of tissues working together to cause a common function is known as a:

a)

Cell

b)

Organ

c)

Organism

80.

Oxytocin starts labor contractions. As baby causes increased pressure on cervix, nerve impulses cause increased secretion of oxytocin which stimulates muscles to contract more vigorously. The cycle repeats with increasing strength until baby is born thus ending cervix pressure. Oxytocin release stops and contractions end.

a)

Positive feedback

b)

Negative feedback

81.

The plane that divides anterior from posterior is the _________ plane.

a)

Transverse

b)

Sagittal

c)

Frontal

d)

Oblique

82.

The diaphragm separates the _____ & ____ cavities.

a)

Abdominal, pelvic

b)

Thoracic, abdominal

c)

Thoracic, pelvic

83.

The membrane which forms the lining directly on the surface of the heart is the ________.

a)

Visceral pleura

b)

Parietal pleura

c)

Visceral pericardium

d)

Parietal pericardium