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FALL Biology Final Exam Review

Total questions: 105

Worksheet time: 2hrs 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following are differences in the structure between RNA and DNA

a)

DNA uses deoxyribose sugar, RNA uses sugar ribose

b)

DNA pairs Adenine with Uracil, RNA pairs Adenine with Thymine

c)

DNA is a double helix, RNA is a single helix

d)

DNA pairs Adenine with Thymine, RNA pairs Adenine with Uracil

2.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

3.

Insertion, deletion, and substitution are all examples of a change in a genetic sequence which is also referred to as (a)

a)

Gene

b)

Amino Acid

c)

Ribose

d)

Mutation

4.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

5.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

6.

A string of nucleotides that contain the information to make a specific protein

a)

Ribose

b)

Amino Acids

c)

tRNA

d)

Gene

7.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

8.

mRNA occurs during this process

a)

Translation

b)

Transcription

c)

Replication

d)

Delivery

9.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

10.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
11.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
12.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
13.
The main function of tRNA is to...
a)
carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins
b)
form a portion of ribosomes
c)
string together complementary RNA and DNA strands
d)
bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
14.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
15.

What is the location in the cell for translation?

a)

nucleus

b)

mitochondria in cytoplasm

c)

ribosome in cytoplasm

d)

chloroplast in cytoplasm

16.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
17.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
18.
Translation is the process where
a)
mRNA is created in the Nucleus
b)
mRNA is decoded to form a protein 
c)
glucose molecules are made
d)
is where lipids are synthesised
19.
Does the order of amino acids in a protein matter?
a)
YES!
b)
NO!
20.

What process is happening in the diagram?

a)

transcription

b)

translation

c)

dna replication

d)

mitosis

21.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
22.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
23.
Which 2 molecules form the sides (backbone) of the DNA ladder?
a)
deoxyribose sugar and adenine
b)
deoxyribose sugar and a hydrogen bond
c)
deoxyribose sugar and the nucleus
d)
deoxyribose sugar and phosphate
24.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
25.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
26.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
27.
Which of the following statements is true?
a)
DNA is single-stranded
b)
RNA is single-stranded
c)
DNA contains uracil
d)
RNA contains deoxyribose
28.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
29.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
30.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
31.
Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?
a)
Insertions only
b)
Substitution only
c)
Deletion only
d)
Insertions and Deletions
32.
Identify the DELETION mutation form the following: 
ATG CCA AAT
a)
ATG TCA AAT
b)
ATG CCT AAA T
c)
ATC CA  AT
d)
ATG CCA AAT
33.

Genetic mutations can be...

a)

beneficial, harmful, or neutral

b)

beneficial only

c)

harmful only

d)

neutral only

34.

What type of mutation is shown in the diagram?

a)

Point mutation - missense

b)

Frameshift Mutation - deletion

c)

Frameshift Mutation - addition

d)

Point mutation - nonsense

35.

Which organelle is responsible making food (Glucose) using sunlight?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Nucleus

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Mitochondria

36.
Plants need ________ for photosynthesis
a)
oxygen
b)
soil
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
sugar
37.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
38.
Which statement about photosynthesis is correct?
a)
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from water.
b)
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from soil.
c)
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis from sunlight.
d)
Plants do not require energy to perform photosynthesis.
39.
A student is collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27°C. The gas being collected is probably ________.
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
ATP
d)
glucose
40.
Why do plants conduct photosynthesis?
a)
To make light
b)
To make mitochondria
c)
To make glucose
d)
To release carbon dioxide
41.
What major energy transformation occurs during photosynthesis?
a)
Thermal --> Chemical
b)
Kinetic --> Radiant
c)
Chemical --> Radiant
d)
Radiant --> Chemical
42.
Please select who performs cellular respiration: 
a)
Animals 
b)
Both animals and plants 
c)
plants 
43.
Cellular respiration is...
a)
the process by which cells break down glucose into energy. 
b)
the process by which cells break light down into energy. 
c)
the process by which cells communicate with other cells. 
44.
Cellular respiration occurs in 
a)
chloroplasts 
b)
mitochondria
c)
golgi aparatus 
d)
thylakoid 
45.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
46.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
47.
Cellular Respiration's goal is to
a)
make water
b)
make ATP
c)
make glucose
d)
make  oxygen
48.
What gas is released into the air during cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water 
d)
glucose
49.
What are the reactants in cellular respiration?
a)
glucose and oxygen
b)
glucose and carbon dioxide
c)
water and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and glucose
50.
What are the products in cellular respiration?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
water and glucose
c)
carbon dioxide and oxygen
d)
glucose and oxygen
51.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
52.
Which is true about active transport?
a)
It requires energy
b)
it does not require energy
c)
It moves substances down the concentration gradient
d)
it moves material from high to low concentration
53.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis
54.
The cell below is in a _________ solution.
a)
Hypotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Isotonic
55.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
56.
What does it mean if molecules are moving down the concentration gradient?
a)
They are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
b)
They are moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration.
57.
____ is the molecule that provides energy for active transport.
a)
DNA
b)
ADP
c)
ATP
d)
RNA
58.
This cell organelle helps organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter or leave cells.
a)
vacuole
b)
nucleus
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell wall
59.
The movement of molecules against a concentration gradient
a)
simple diffusion
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
active transport
d)
osmosis
60.
an area with a large amount of particles is
a)
low concentration
b)
high concentration
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
61.

The movement of atoms, ions, or molecules (NOT WATER) from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

a)

osmosis

b)

active transport

c)

diffusion

d)

hypertonic

62.
What does it mean that a cell membrane is semi-permeable?
a)
It allows all substances in
b)
It allows some substances in
c)
It allows nothing in
d)
It allows unhealthy substances in
63.
If there is 5 percent water inside a cell and 5 percent water outside a cell
a)
more water will move inside the cell
b)
more water will move outside the cell
c)
There will be no movement of water cells
d)
The water will be lost as sweat
64.
Particles are too large to enter the membrane.
Need help from channel proteins. No energy required.
a)
active transport
b)
passive transport
c)
facilitated diffusion
d)
osmosis
65.

Viruses have structures that allow them to inject their genetic material directly into the DNA of the host cell. This strategy benefits the virus in that –

a)

the host cell is turned into a virus.

b)

mutations are introduced into the host cell.

c)

it is able to transform into a host cell.

d)

the virus uses the host’s machinery to replicate.

66.

Which organism is pictured?

a)

bacteria

b)

plant cell

c)

virus

d)

animal cell

67.

An infectious particle made of a strand of nucleic acid surrounded by protein coat is a

a)

prion

b)

bacteria

c)

virus

d)

viroid

68.

Both viruses and cells

a)

both reproduce by mitosis.

b)

both have DNA.

c)

both contain organelles.

d)

both need a host cell to reproduce.

69.

When HIV causes a lysogenic infection, it can remain dormant for years. When it becomes a lytic infection, it

a)

causes no symptons.

b)

destroys white blood cells.

c)

mutates infrequently.

d)

can no longer cause AIDS

70.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an illness caused by a coronavirus. Symptoms include a high fever, headaches, and body aches typically occur two to seven days after infection by the virus. SARS is more serious in elderly patients. This information suggests that the reproductive cycle of the SARS virus is-

a)

lysogenic, because the virus is a coronavirus

b)

lytic, because the virus causes respiratory illness

c)

lysogenic, because the virus primarily affects older people

d)

lytic, because of the quick onset of symptoms after infection

71.
The cells of complex multicellular organisms are organized into structures. What is the order of these structures from least complex to most complex?  

  A) cell, organ, tissue, organ system, organism
 B) cell, organism, organ system, organ, tissue
 C) cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
 D) tissue, cell, organism, organ, organ system
a)
cell, organ, tissue, organ system, organism
b)
cell, organism, organ system, organ, tissue
c)
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
d)
tissue, cell, organism, organ, organ system
72.
What are organs made of?      
a)
Tissues
b)
Organisms
c)
Organelles
d)
Chemical energy
73.
The picture illustrates a
a)
Prokaryotic Plant Cell
b)
Prokaryotic Animal Cell
c)
Eukaryotic Plant Cell
d)
Eukaryotic Animal Cell
74.
Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cytoplasm
c)
DNA
d)
nucleus
75.
What type of cell is pictured in the microscope image?
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic
76.
Antibiotics kill viruses
a)
True
b)
False
77.
When a virus invades a living cell, its _______
takes over the cell's functions.
a)
outer coat
b)
genetic material
c)
core
d)
cytoplasm
78.
Which viral life cycle allows viral genetic material to lay dormant while the host cell reproduces?
a)
lytic
b)
mitosis
c)
lysogenic
d)
S phase
79.
What do viruses need to reproduce?
a)
they need genetic material
b)
They need a host cell
c)
They need  bacteria
d)
They need insulin
80.
What structures distinguish a plant cell from an animal cell?
a)
Plant cells have cell walls and ribosomes.
b)
Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.
c)
Plant cells have chloroplasts and ribosomes.
d)
Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria.
81.
The ___ is the basic unit of sturucture and function of organisms
a)
atom
b)
cell
c)
matter
d)
all other answers are correct
82.

Which cell is a prokaryote

a)
b)
c)
d)
83.

Which cell is a virus?

a)
b)
c)
d)
84.

The function of the nucleic acid is --

a)

to store and transmit genetic information inherited from your parents

b)

to maintain our body temperature

c)

to build up muscles bones and other body parts

d)

to regulate sugar in your blood and give your cells energy

85.

Which of the following are biomolecules?

a)

RNA, DNA, proteins, lipids

b)

Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, polymers

c)

Nucleic acid, lipids, carbohydrates, monomers

d)

Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids

86.

What are lipids?

a)

Polymers made of amino acids

b)

Monomers that store and transfer genetic information

c)

Fatty acids not generally soluble in water

d)

Complex carbohydrates like starch

87.

Which of the following is a characteristic of protein?

a)

Made up of amino acids and regulate cellular processes

b)

Fats, oils, and waxes

c)

Complex carbohydrates known as starches

d)

DNA and RNA

88.

Which biomolecule makes up cell membranes?

a)

Protein

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Lipid

d)

Nucleic acid

89.

Which biomolecule is helpful for long term energy storage?

a)

Nucleic acid

b)

Protein

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Lipid

90.

Which biomolecule is useful for a fast source of energy?

a)

Lipid

b)

Nucleic acid

c)

Protein

d)

Carbohydrate

91.

What is the monomer for proteins?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Monosaccharide

92.

Which monomer makes up nucleic acids?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Monosaccharide

93.

What is the monomer for carbohydrates?

a)

Amino acid

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Fatty acid

d)

Monosaccharide

94.
Remoras are small fish that swim close to or attach themselves to sharks.  Remoras eat small scraps left as the sharks feed and the sharks are unaffected. 
a)
Competition
b)
Predation
c)
Mutualism
d)
Commensalism
95.
A tapeworm and a dog have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
parasitism
c)
commensalism
d)
competition
96.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. Since the barnacle is a filter feeder, it also gets access to more water (and food) due to the relationship. The whale is unaffected.
This is an example of which type of symbiosis?
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Parasitism
d)
Competition
97.
Ostriches and gazelles feed next to each other. They both watch for predators. Because the visual abilities of the two species are different, they can each identify threats that the other animal may not see as readily. Both species benefit.
This is an example of which type of symbiosis?
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Parasitism
d)
IDK
98.
Mistletoe extracts water and nutrients from the spruce tree to the detriment (ill effect) of the spruce.
This is an example of which type of symbiosis?
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Parasitism
d)
IDK
99.
A flea feeds on the blood of a rat. This harms the rat.
This is an example of which type of symbiosis?
a)
Commensalism
b)
Mutualism
c)
Parasitism
d)
IDK
100.
When a mosquito bites you, you are the __________ and the mosquito is the  ____________.
a)
host, hostess
b)
parasite, host
c)
host, parasite
d)
prey, predator
101.
What type of symbiosis is this?
*Hermit crabs find shells left by snails that have died and move in.
*  Snails die and leave behind their shells.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
parasitism
d)
predation
102.
The arrows in a food chain or web represents what?
a)
They point to the organism that is being eaten.
b)
It shows how sunlight flows within an ecosystem.
c)
They show what direction the energy is flowing between organisms. 
d)
They represent how water is transferred within a habitat.
103.
Organisms that create their own energy from sunlight or chemicals
a)
Herbivore
b)
Omnivore
c)
Autotroph
d)
Heterotroph 
104.

What is the primary source of energy for the ecosystem pictured above?

a)

Grass and Green plants

b)

Hawks and Deer

c)

Tadpoles and Fish

d)

Sun

105.

Observe the food chain below. What would be the result of disease killing off most of the mouse population?

a)

All populations would be relatively unaffected

b)

The grasshoppers would become extinct

c)

The grasshopper population would decrease; the owl population would increase

d)

The grasshopper population would increase and the owl population would decrease

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