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Cell Structure and Function Review

Total questions: 107

Worksheet time: 5hrs 4mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This organelle controls all the functions of the cell
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Golgi apparatus
d)
Mitochondria
2.
What is the outermost part of a plant cell?
a)
Cell wall
b)
Cell membrane
c)
Ribosome
d)
Vacuole
3.
The __________________ is the organelle that stores extra water in a cell.
a)
Vacuole
b)
Nucleus
c)
Cytoplasm
d)
Cell membrane
4.
What is the function of cytoplasm?
a)
Contains organelles & is where a lot of chemical reactions happen
b)
Where respiration happens
c)
Contains DNA
d)
Provides energy for the cell
5.
The cell membrane does this
a)
Controls what enters & exits a cell
b)
Stores material
c)
Carry out photosynthesis
d)
Contains the cell's DNA
6.
Which of the following is true about plant cells?
a)
They have large vacuoles
b)
They need light energy
c)
They can make their own sugars
d)
All of these
7.
True or False: Animal cells have a cell wall.
a)
True
b)
False
8.
True or False: Mitochondria, cytoplasm, cell membranes, and vacuoles are all found in both animal cells and plant cells.
a)
True
b)
False
9.
The scientist who was the first person to use the word "cell" to describe cells was:
a)
Robert Hooke
b)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
c)
Francesco Redi
d)
Charles Darwin
10.
Which of the following is correct about chloroplasts?
a)
They use light to make sugar & oxygen
b)
They absorb light energy
c)
They contain chlorophyll
d)
All of these
11.
Which of these was needed to develop the cell theory?
a)
The microscope
b)
The telescope
c)
Electricity
d)
The lightbulb
12.
True or False: All living things are made of cells.
a)
True
b)
False
13.
True or False: All living cells come from other living cells.
a)
True
b)
False
14.
True or False: Cells are the smallest part of organisms that can be considered alive.
a)
True
b)
False
15.
Which organelle produces the energy for a cell?
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Vacuole
c)
Endoplasmic reticulum
d)
Golgi apparatus
16.
True or False: A prokaryotic cell has a nucleus & organelles.
a)
True
b)
False
17.

Which cellular structure in an animal cell helps maintain homeostasis by controlling the transport of substances into and out of the cell?

a)

vacuole

b)

cell wall

c)

mitochondrion

d)

cell membrane

18.

What is the main function of the cell wall in a plant cell?

a)

to protect against disease

b)

to give structural support

c)

to contain the parts of the cell

d)

to help with cell division

19.

A lipid bilayer allows certain molecules to pass through and blocks other molecules. Which structure is most often protected by a lipid bilayer?

a)

cell

b)

organ

c)

tissue

d)

system

20.

The function of the mitochondria is to _________.

a)

store DNA

b)

make energy for the cell

c)

make proteins

d)

store water and other nutrients

21.

Which of these could only be found in a plant cell?

a)

nucleus

b)

chloroplasts

c)

mitochondria

d)

cytoplasm

22.

The sites where the cell makes proteins based on genetic instructions are called _____________.

a)

vacuoles

b)

centrioles

c)

ribosomes

d)

lysosomes

23.

The _________ is the site of manufacturing, warehousing, sorting and shipping of proteins inside a cell.

a)

Golgi apparatus

b)

endoplasmic reticulum

c)

vacuole

d)

lysosome

24.

The __________ modifies proteins delivered from the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

a)

Vacuole

b)

lysosome

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

cell membrane

25.

Osmosis occurs in living organisms as water moves across the cellular membrane. An environment is hypertonic when the concentration of solutes in the environment is greater than the concentration of solutes inside the cell.


In hypertonic environments, water flows

a)

from the nuclear membrane into the cell membrane

b)

from the cell into the environment

c)

inside and outside the cell at equal rates

d)

from the environment into the cell

26.

Osmosis occurs in living organisms as water moves across the cellular membrane. An environment is hypotonic when the concentration of solutes in the environment is less than the concentration of solutes inside the cell.


In hypotonic environments, water flows

a)

inside and outside the cell at equal rates

b)

from the cell into the environment

c)

from the environment into the cell

d)

from high concentration of solutes to low concentration of solutes

27.

Which structures are common to both plant and animal cells?

a)

vacuole, chloroplast, nucleus

b)

cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondrion

c)

nucleus, cell wall, cell membrane

d)

mitochondrion, vacuole, cell wall

28.
Name structure #5.
a)
Rough ER
b)
Nucleus
c)
Lysosome
d)
Mitochondria
29.
Name structure #3.
a)
Ribosome
b)
Golgi body
c)
Smooth ER
d)
cytoplasm
30.
Name structure #9.
a)
rough ER
b)
mitochondria
c)
smooth ER
d)
cell wall
31.
This organelle is where DNA is stored (in eukaryotes only).
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Ribosome
d)
Mitochondria
32.

This is where you would find DNA in prokaryotic cells:

a)

Cytoplasm (loose)

b)

Nucleus (contained)

c)

Mitochondra

d)

Prokaryotic cells do not have DNA

33.
Which organelle makes proteins?
a)
ribosomes
b)
nucleus
c)
mitochondria
d)
chloroplast
34.
Which organelle breaks down and recycles worn-out cell parts?
a)
lysosome
b)
centriole
c)
vacuole 
d)
nucleus
35.
Which is a prokaryote?
a)
dog
b)
human
c)
sunflower
d)
bacterial cell
36.
Which organelle packages proteins to be transported out of the cell?
a)
Golgi body/apparatus
b)
ER
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
37.
Which organelle folds proteins into their final structure after they are made?
a)
Ribosome
b)
Rough ER
c)
Smooth ER
d)
Mitochondria
38.
What type of cell is this?
a)
Plant
b)
Animal
c)
Prokaryotic
d)
Impossible to know
39.
This organelle makes lipids which can be used to repair the cell membrane.
a)
Smooth ER
b)
Rough ER
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Lysosome
40.
This jelly-like substance fills ALL cell types and keeps cell material floating.
a)
Chloroplasts
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Cell membrane
41.
TRUE or FALSE: Plants do not have a nucleus or DNA
a)
FALSE
b)
TRUE
42.
Name structure #2.
a)
Lysosome
b)
Nucleus
c)
Ribosome
d)
Cytoplasm
43.
TRUE or FALSE: ALL cells have a cell membrane.
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
44.
This is the organelle that uses carbs from your diet to produce energy for your body.
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Nucleus
d)
Ribosome
45.
TRUE or FALSE: Only some cells contain DNA
a)
TRUE
b)
FALSE
46.
Eukaryote means...
a)
True Nucleus
b)
No Nucleus
c)
Before Nucleus
d)
Big Nucleus
47.
Prokaryote means...
a)
True Nucleus
b)
Small Nucleus
c)
Before Nucleus
d)
Big Nucleus
48.
Fish are examples of ____ organisms.
a)
Prokaryotic
b)
Eukaryotic
c)
Plant
d)
Bacterial
49.

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells are quite different but there are some features ALL cells share. What are those FOUR things?

a)

Membrane, Cytoplasm, DNA, Ribosomes

b)

DNA, Mitochondria, Cell Wall, Nucleus

c)

Nucleus, DNA, Membrane, Mitochondria

d)

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, Membrane, Flagella

50.

Which of the following is NOT a membrane bound organelle? Hint: All cells have this organelle

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Nucleus

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

51.

Which organelle is ONLY found in plants?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Chloroplast

52.

Which organelle is ONLY found in plants?

a)

Cell wall

b)

Cell Membrane

c)

Rough ER

d)

Lysosome

53.

Which organelle does photosynthesis in plants?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondria

c)

Ribosome

d)

Chloroplast

54.

This type of cell contains a membrane-bound nucleus.

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

55.

Cells come from....

a)

Nonliving material

b)

Nothingness

c)

Other existing cells

d)

None of these.

56.

Which of the following do not have a cell wall?

a)

Plant cells

b)

Fungi

c)

Animal cells

57.
What kind of transport does not require energy?
a)
Active 
b)
Vacuole 
c)
Passive 
d)
Na/K Pump 
58.
What is facilitated diffusion?
a)
Transport that uses proteins to help move molecules across the membrane. 
b)
Movements of substances through a membrane. 
c)
When molecules spread from High to Low concentration on their own. 
d)
When pressure pushes something through a membrane. 
59.
What is the significance of the cell membrane? 
a)
Provides protection 
b)
Maintains homeostasis 
c)
Give a cell hydrophobic ends
d)
Provides cholesterol 
60.
Movement of materials through a vesicle into the cell that requires energy is 
a)
exocytosis
b)
endocytosis 
c)
osmosis 
d)
simple diffusion 
61.

A student notices that transferring onion cells from freshwater to a 15% saltwater solution causes a change in the shape of the cells. Which statement best explains this change?

a)

The cells expand as water enters them.

b)

The cells shrivel as water moves out of them.

c)

The cells die because the cell walls break.

d)

The cells die because the pores in the cell membrane get blocked.

62.

Large membrane filled with water and enzymes within plant cells. This helps support the cell by apply pressure up against the cell wall.

a)

central vacuole

b)

cell wall

c)

nucleus

d)

lysosome

63.

This structure helps digest and breakdown macromolecules, damaged cell parts, and bacteria.

a)

cytoplasm

b)

lysosme

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

ribosome

64.

Amino acids link together to form proteins. At which structure would this process occur?

a)

Smooth ER

b)

Ribosome

c)

Golgi apparatus

d)

Mitochondria

65.

This produces lipids and carbohydrates

a)

mitochondria

b)

ribosomes

c)

golgi apparatus

d)

smooth ER

66.

Where is RNA produced?

a)

Endoplasmic Reticulum

b)

Golgi apparatus

c)

Nucleolus

d)

Nucleus

67.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
a)
Structure that manufactures ribosomes
b)
Structures that converts nutrients to energy
c)
Stack of membranes that packages chemicals
d)
Structure that contains DNA and directs the cell
68.
Producer of ATP in all eukaryotes
a)
chloroplast
b)
mitochondria
c)
lysosome
d)
smooth er
69.

Which of the following is directly involved in the transportation of materials inside/within the cell?

a)

cytoskeleton

b)

cell membrane

c)

Lysosome

d)

Mitochondria

70.

The cell membrane is semi/selectively permeable, which means...

a)

All materials can enter and leave the cell

b)

Certain things can enter while others cannot

c)

The cell manually sorts through all materials

d)

Only certain cells can interact with the cell.

71.

How many layers of phospholipids are in every lipid bilayer?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

72.
A phospholipid has 2 parts. What are they called? 
a)
Hydrophilic Head, Hydrophobic Tail 
b)
Hydrophobic Head, Hydrophilic Tail 
73.

A ______________ is composed of a phosphate and glycerol head and 2 fatty acid chain tails.

a)

Phospholipid

b)

Carbohydrate

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Protein

74.
What is C pointing to?
a)
Carbohydrate Chain
b)
Phospholipid
c)
Lipid bilayer
d)
Transport protein
75.
What is diffusion?
a)
when molecules move 
b)
when molecules move from a high concentration to a low.
c)
no movement 
d)
molecules move everywhere
76.
Osmosis is the movement of _____ across a membrane.
a)
food
b)
energy
c)
oxygen
d)
water
77.
During osmosis
a)
water moves from high to low concentration
b)
large or oddly shaped molecules move across a cell membrane
c)
water moves when energy is used
d)
proteins are built
78.
When both inside and outside of a cell have the same amount of water it is said that the cell has reached a state of
a)
Osmosis
b)
Diffusion
c)
Equilibrium
79.
A person would never have pure water put into their veins in a hospital because their cells would...
a)
Shrink/Dehydrate
b)
Expand
80.
A person should never drink salty water because their cells would
a)
shrink
b)
expand
81.
 An animal cell placed in a hypertonic (salty) solution will
a)
Stay the same
b)
Shrink- get smaller
c)
Swell- get bigger
82.

What is DIFFUSION?

a)
b)
c)
d)
83.

What happened to the CELL WALL and the CELL MEMBRANE in these plant cells?

a)

Both the CELL WALL and CELL MEMBRANE shrunk

b)

Only the CELL WALL shrunk, the CELL MEMBRANE stayed the same

c)

The CELL WALL stayed the same, only the CELL MEMBRANE shrunk

d)

Both the CELL WALL and CELL MEMBRANE stayed the same

84.
Permeable means
a)
things can pass through
b)
the concentration levels are different
c)
it is permanent
d)
things are stuck
85.
The diffusion of water through a semi-permeable membrane is called?
a)
Osmosis
b)
Cell wall
c)
Diffusion
d)
Respiration
86.
What is the definition of  Selective Permeability?
a)
The movement of materials across the cell membrane that requires NO ENERGY from the cell.
b)
The movement of materials through (or across) the cell membrane
c)
The ability of the cell membrane to allow some things to pass through while preventing other things from passing through.
d)
The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to a area of low concentration 
87.
What a cell needs to transport particles by active transport?
a)
Sun
b)
Wind
c)
Energy
d)
Channels
88.
If there is 5 percent water inside a cell and 5 percent water outside a cell
a)
more water will move inside the cell
b)
more water will move outside the cell
c)
There will be no movement of water cells
89.
Passive transport requires no
a)
concentration gradients
b)
osmosis
c)
motion
d)
energy
90.
The movement of molecules against a concentration gradient
a)
simple diffusion
b)
facilitated diffusion
c)
active transport
d)
osmosis
91.
The picture is an example of...
a)
active tranport
b)
passive transport
c)
diffusion
d)
osmosis
92.
You put a cell into a solution, the cell grows. Is the solution hypotonic or hypertonic to the cell? 
a)
hypertonic
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
d)
not enough information
93.
The cell below is in a _____________ solution.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
94.
This egg has shrunk, what type of solution was it placed in?
a)
hypotonic solution
b)
hypertonic solution
c)
isotonic solution
d)
active transport
95.
What type of solution allows water to enter the plant cell?
a)
hypotonic solution
b)
hypertonic solution
c)
isotonic solution
d)
active transport
96.
An ISOTONIC solution has a(n) ______________ concentration of solute (dissolved stuff) than inside the cell.
a)
lower
b)
equal
c)
higher
97.
A HYPOTONIC solution has a ______________ concentration of solute (dissolved stuff) than inside the cell.
a)
lower
b)
equal
c)
higher
98.
If a cell is placed in a HYPOTONIC solution, water will move _________ of the cell, causing it to ___________.
a)
into, swell
b)
out of, shrivel
c)
in and out of the cell, stay the same
99.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
100.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
101.
What type of solution is this cell in?
a)
Isotonic
b)
Hypertonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
diffused
102.
A balance that an organism maintains by regulating what goes into and out of the cell.
a)
love
b)
peace
c)
homeostasis
d)
happiness
103.
 If a cell containing 5% salt is placed into a glass of water with 20% salt, the water is _______ compared to the cell.
a)
hypertonic-
b)
hypotonic
c)
isotonic
104.
Which cell is placed into a hypotonic environment? 
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
105.
Ideally, your cells should be in a(n) _______ solution
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Hypotonic
c)
Isotonic
d)
Cola
106.
If you looked at red blood cells under a microscope and saw the blood cells exploded, what would you say happened?
a)
The cells were placed in a hypotonic solution.
b)
the solution was isotonic.
c)
The solution was hypertonic.
107.
This picture represents which type of cellular transport?
a)
passive transport
b)
endocytosis
c)
exocytosis
d)
osmosis

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