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Pedigree Practice

Total questions: 111

Worksheet time: 2hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the genotype of the mother?
a)
BB
b)
bb
c)
Bb
d)
BB or Bb
2.

What is the mode of inheritance shown here?

a)

Autosomal Recessive because it "skips" a generation

b)

Autosomal Dominant because it shows up in every generation

c)

X linked because it affects females more than males

3.

In a pedigree, which shape represents a male?

a)

circle

b)

square

4.

In a pedigree, this symbol represents a ---

a)

not affected female.

b)

not affected male.

c)

affected male.

d)

affected female.

5.

On a pedigree, this symbol represents a ----

a)

not affected male.

b)

not affected female.

c)

affected male.

d)

affected female.

6.

The trait this pedigree traces is recessive because it skips a generation and individuals can be carriers. What is the most likely genotype for person III-3?

a)

GG

b)

Gg

c)

gg

7.

If this pedigree shows a recessive disorder, what MUST the genotype of individual 4 be?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

8.
There are no carriers for Huntington's Disease- you either have it or you don't. Is Huntington's disease caused by a dominant or recessive trait?
a)
Dominant
b)
Recessive
9.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
10.

What must be the genotype of individual II-2?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

11.

If the affected female in the 2nd generation is homozygous dominant, what must be the genotype of individual III-5?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

12.

How would you describe the person II - 4

a)

Unaffected female

b)

Affected female

c)

Unaffected male

d)

Affected male

13.

How would you describe the person III - 5?

a)

Unaffected female

b)

Affected female

c)

Unaffected male

d)

Affected male

14.

How would you describe the person III - 3?

a)

Unaffected female

b)

Affected female

c)

Unaffected male

d)

Affected male

15.

Which of the following has the genotype, XhXh?

a)

II - 3

b)

IV - 1

c)

IV - 2

d)

II - 6

e)

None

16.

Which of the following has the genotype, XHXh?

a)

II - 3

b)

IV - 1

c)

IV - 2

d)

II - 6

e)

III - 4

17.

Which of the following has the genotype, XHY?

a)

II - 3

b)

IV - 1

c)

IV - 2

d)

II - 6

e)

III - 3

18.

Which of the following has the genotype, XhY?

a)

II - 3

b)

IV - 1

c)

IV - 2

d)

II - 6

e)

III - 5

19.

What is the genotype of the second one in the third row?

a)

XFXf

b)

XFXF

c)

XFY

d)

XfY

e)

XfXf

20.

What is the genotype of the first one in the second row?

a)

XFXf

b)

XFXF

c)

XFY

d)

XfY

e)

XfXf

21.

What is the genotype of the first one in the fourth row?

a)

XFXf

b)

XFXF

c)

XFY

d)

XfY

e)

XfXf

22.

What is the genotype of the fourth one in the fourth row?

a)

XFXf

b)

XFXF

c)

XFY

d)

XfY

e)

XfXf

23.

What is the genotype of the last four in the third row?

a)

XFXf

b)

XFXF

c)

XFY

d)

XfY

e)

XfXf

24.

What is the genotype of the third one in the fourth row?

a)

XFXf

b)

XFXF

c)

XFY

d)

XfY

e)

XfXf

25.

Drawing your own Punnett Squares, which of the following is IMPOSSIBLE? (Worth 6 pts)

a)

An affected mother and an affected father have an unaffected son

b)

An unaffected mother and a affected father having a affected son

c)

An unaffected mother and an unaffected father having an affected daughter

d)

An unaffected mother and an affected father having an affected daughter

26.

Which trait is dominant?

a)

Brown hair

b)

Blonde hair

27.

What genotype does the F1 daughter with brown hair have?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

28.

If the P generation had another child, what are the chances that it will have blonde hair?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

29.

The shaded individuals have the recessive phenotype. Which cross represents individuals III 1 and III 2?

a)

TT x TT

b)

TT x Tt

c)

Tt x Tt

d)

Tt x tt

e)

tt x tt

30.

Individuals II 1 and II 2 have some children with dominant phenotypes and some with recessive phenotypes. Which cross represents the genotypes of individuals II 1 and II 2?

a)

TT x TT

b)

TT x Tt

c)

Tt x Tt

d)

Tt x tt

e)

tt x tt

31.

Click on the affected female in generation III.

A
B
C
D
E
32.
What does a filled in square represent?
a)
Not affected Female
b)
Not affected Male
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
33.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
34.
How many females are in this pedigree?
a)
3
b)
4
c)
6
d)
7
35.
Give the genotype for person II-1, for this autosomal trait.
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
we cannot be 100% sure of the genotype
36.
If a trait SKIPS a generation, it is an indication that the trait is....
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
c)
incompletely dominant
d)
co-dominant
37.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

38.

In this pedigree, the shading represents people in the family with dark hair while the unshaded represents blondes. Is dark hair controlled by a dominant or recessive allele?

a)

Dominant

b)

Recessive

39.

Individuals that are shaded in have premature hair whitening. Is this trait dominant or recessive? How do you know?

a)

Dominant because it skips generations

b)

Dominant because it is present in every generation

c)

Recessive because it skips generations

d)

Recessive because it is present in every generation.

40.
How are individuals III-2 and II-4 related?
a)
Cousins
b)
Dad and Daughter
c)
Uncle and Niece
d)
Grandpa and Granddaughter
41.

Huntington's Disease is a dominant trait.

What is the correct genotype for individual I-2?

a)

HH

b)

Hh

c)

hh

d)

H?

42.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

43.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of the mother (circle) in generation 1?

a)

Aa

b)

AA

c)

aa

d)

A?

44.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the phenotype of the mother (circle) in generation 1?

a)

Brown

b)

Blue

c)

1 blue, 1 brown

45.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the phenotype of the father (square) in generation 1?

a)

Brown

b)

Blue

c)

1 blue, 1 brown

46.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What are the genotypes of the parents (1&2) in generation 2?

a)

Aa, AA

b)

aa, aa

c)

AA, AA

d)

Aa, Aa

47.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What are the genotypes of the parents (4&5) in generation 2?

a)

Aa, AA

b)

aa, aa

c)

AA, AA

d)

Aa, Aa

48.

Objective #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. What is the genotype of child 1 in generation 3?

a)

AA

b)

aa

c)

Aa

d)

A?

49.

Objective #13

On a pedigree how do we know if they have the trait?

a)

Not shaded

b)

Shaded

50.

Objectives - #4, #5, & #13

This is a pedigree that follows blue eyes which is a recessive trait. If parents in generation 1 had another child, what would the chance be that the child would have blue eyes?

a)

50% (2/4)

b)

75% (3/4)

c)

25% (1/4)

d)

100% (4/4)

51.

A point mutation in which the amino acid does not change.

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Deletion

d)

Silent mutation

52.

What type of gene mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-C-C-A-A

a)

Base Substitution

b)

Base Deletion

c)

Base Insertion

d)

Frameshift

53.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
54.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation
55.
A mutation that does NOT show up through protein function is called
a)
deletion mutation
b)
inversion mutation
c)
silent mutation
d)
transverse mutation
56.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
57.

A base pair substitution can result in all of the following except __________.

a)

Missense mutation

b)

Frameshift Mutation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Nonsense mutation

58.
What kind of mutation is the result of an insertion?
a)
Silent Mutation
b)
Missense mutation
c)
Nonsense mutation
d)
Frameshift mutation
59.

Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?

a)

They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence

b)

They insert things that an organism doesn't need.

c)

They often delete things that organisms need.

d)

Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.

60.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

61.

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

a)

Insertions only

b)

Substitution only

c)

Deletion only

d)

Insertions and Deletions

62.
What is the correct mRNA strand from this DNA?
CAC-GTG-ACA-GCG
a)
GTG-CAC-TGT-CGC
b)
CAC-GUG-ACA-GCG
c)
GUG-CAC-UGU-CGC
63.

This type of substitution codes for a stop codon

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Deletion

64.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
65.

A type of substitution in which no amino acids change is called

a)

Missense

b)

Nonsense

c)

Silent

d)

Deletion

66.

When an extra base has been added to the sequence of bases, this is what type of mutation?

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Inversion

d)

Insertion

67.

What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base?

a)

point mutation

b)

frameshift mutation

c)

silent mutation

d)

chromosomal mutation

68.

What type of mutation involves substituting a DNA base with a different base but still forms the same protein?

a)

point mutation

b)

frameshift mutation

c)

silent mutation

d)

chromosomal mutation

69.

What type of mutation involves adding or deleting bases from the DNA, which results in new codons (a shift in the reading of the codons)?

a)

point mutation

b)

frameshift mutation

c)

silent mutation

d)

chromosomal mutation

70.

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TCG AAT

What type of mutation has occurred?

a)

Chromosomal mutation

b)

Point mutation

c)

Frameshift mutation

d)

No mutation occurred

71.

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GTA CTT GAA T

What type of mutation has occurred?

a)

Chromosomal mutation

b)

Point mutation

c)

Frameshift mutation due to adding extra base

d)

Frameshift mutation due to deletion of base

72.

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

What type of mutation has occurred?

a)

Chromosomal mutation

b)

Point mutation

c)

Frameshift mutation

d)

No mutation occurred

73.

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

a)

chromosomal insertion/duplication

b)

chromosomal deletion

c)

chromosomal inversion

d)

chromosomal translocation

74.

What type of chromosomal mutation occurred?

a)

chromosomal insertion/duplication

b)

chromosomal deletion

c)

chromosomal inversion

d)

chromosomal translocation

75.

Original DNA = TAC GAC TTG AAT

Mutated DNA = TAC ACT TGA AT

What type of mutation has occurred?

a)

Chromosomal mutation

b)

Point mutation

c)

Frameshift mutation due to addition of base

d)

Frameshift mutation due to deletion of base

76.

What are considered "negative" mutations?

a)

mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism

b)

mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism

c)

mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein

d)

all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms

77.

What are considered "positive" mutations?

a)

mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and harms the organism

b)

mutations in the DNA sequence that changes the resulting protein and benefits the organism

c)

mutations in the DNA sequence that produces the same protein

d)

all mutations are considered bad and harm the organisms

78.

Match the following

a)

Mutation

1.

a change in the DNA sequence

b)

Point mutation

2.

a type of mutation where one to few bases are substituted with different bases

c)

Frameshift mutation

3.

a type of mutation caused by adding or deleting bases, affecting all the codons after the change

d)

Silent mutation

4.

a type of mutation that doesn't result in a change in the amino acid sequence (same protein)

e)

Chromosomal mutation

5.

a type of mutation where large sections of the chromosome are affected

79.

Mutations create genetic diversity?

a)

True

b)

False

80.

Mutations are SOMETIMES helpful to the organism.

a)

True

b)

False

81.

Mutations are random.

a)

True

b)

False

82.

What type of Mutation is this to the sentence "THE CAT WAS FUN":

THE BAT WAS FUN

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Insertion Mutation

83.

The survival of a species depends on its ability to adapt to changes in the environment. Which statement correctly describes a way that mutations increase the likelihood that a species will survive in a changing environment?

a)

Mutations are a source of variation in the species

b)

Mutations are the cause of disease in the species

c)

Mutations are not harmful when they occur in somatic cells

d)

Mutations are always passed on to subsequent generations

84.

Which statement best defines a mutation?

a)

a physical trait that negatively impacts the organism

b)

an adaptive trait that allows the individual to be better fit for survival

c)

a change in the order, number, or type of bases in the genetic code

d)

an identical copy of the original DNA strand

85.

Mutations are always bad/harmful.

a)

True

b)

False

86.

Possible negative consequences of mutations could be genetic ____________________ and cancer.

a)

diversity

b)

disorders

c)

dominance

d)

duplication

87.

Chemical or physical agents in the environment that may cause mutations are called:

a)

mutants

b)

mutagens

c)

chromosomal mutations

d)

missense mutations

88.

Mutations that change a single base pair, usually involving a substitution of one base for another:

a)

chromosomal mutation

b)

polyploidy

c)

translocation

d)

point mutation

89.

If a point mutation does not change the order of the amino acid sequence, this is called a:

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

silent mutation

c)

missense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

90.

If a mutation codes for "stop" in the amino acid chain, this is called a:

a)

nonsense mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

silent mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

91.

If UCU is changed to UCC, this is a _______________________________.

a)

silent mutation

b)

missense mutation

c)

nonsense mutation

d)

frameshift mutation

92.

Which of the following mutations would be the most likely to affect the resulting protein?

a)

substitution

b)

silent mutation

c)

frameshift mutation

d)

all mutations affect the resulting protein

93.

Mutations that change the amino acid specified by the codon, affecting the amino acid sequence, are called:

a)

nonsense mutations

b)

missense mutations

c)

silent mutations

d)

all of the above

94.

Changes to the number or structure of chromosomes are called chromosomal mutations. Which of the following is NOT a type of chromosomal mutation?

a)

deletion

b)

duplication

c)

inversion

d)

translation

95.

______________________________________ is a type of chromosomal mutation when part of the chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome.

a)

duplication

b)

translocation

c)

subtraction

d)

deletion

96.

This type of chromosomal mutation produces an extra copy of all or part of the chromosome:

a)

multiplication

b)

replication

c)

duplication

d)

inversion

97.

If part of the chromosome is turned around in the opposite direction this is called:

a)

inversion

b)

translocation

c)

deletion

d)

duplication

98.

Mutations can be beneficial because they increase genetic _____________________ and can make the individual and species more likely to survive.

a)

diseases

b)

complications

c)

disorders

d)

diversity

99.

Condition caused by nondisjunction at pair 21 during meiosis.

Individuals have an extra chromosome

at pair 21, or a total of 47 chromosomes.

Also called Trisomy 21.

a)

Cystic Fibrosis

b)

Translocation

c)

Hemophilia

d)

Down Syndrome

100.

Failure of homologous chromosomes

to separate during meiosis.

Results in gametes with either one extra or one missing chromosome.

a)

Translocation

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Replication

d)

Transcription

101.

A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins

a)

Replication

b)

Mutations

c)

Translation

d)

Transcription

102.

One nucleotide base is changed so only one amino acid

is affected

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Point Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Inverse Mutation

103.

A point mutation where one nucleotide base replaces an original nucleotide base

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Chromosomal Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Substitution Mutation

104.

A substitution mutation that has no effect

on amino acids sequence

a)

Insertion Mutation

b)

Translocation

c)

Silent Mutation

d)

Deletion Mutation

105.

A nucleotide base is inserted or deleted shifting the entire DNA sequence. Entire protein will be changed.

a)

Substitution Mutation

b)

Silent Mutation

c)

Frameshift Mutation

d)

Translocation

106.

Part of a chromosome is reversed.

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Deletion Mutation

c)

Translocation

d)

Point Mutation

107.

Part of a chromosome is repeated

a)

Gene Mutation

b)

Point Mutation

c)

Deletion Mutation

d)

Duplication Mutation

108.

Part of a chromosome

is deleted

a)

Deletion Mutation-Gene

b)

Translocation

c)

Deletion Mutation -Chromosomal

d)

Crossing Over

109.

Failure of homologous chromosomes

to separate during meiosis.

Results in gametes with either one extra or one missing chromosome.

a)

Translocation

b)

Nondisjunction

c)

Replication

d)

Transcription

110.

Part of one chromosome is transported and attached

to a non-homologous chromosome

a)

Inversion Mutation

b)

Translocation Mutation

c)

Duplication Mutation

d)

Point Mutation

111.

Analyzes the inheritability of Sickle Cell Anemia,

a recessive trait that must be passed on

from both parents.

a)

Nondisjunction Punnett Square

b)

Hemophilia Punnett Sqaure

c)

Cyctic Fibrosis Punnett Square

d)

Sickle Cell Anemia Punnett Square

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