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Acellular Agents

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Herpesviridae can infect humans, dolphins, horses, & rhinos. It has a broad:

a)

host range

b)

CPE

c)

pathogenicity spectrum

d)

capsomere

2.

Plant viruses are called:

a)

virophages

b)

viroids

c)

bacteriophages

d)

mycophages

3.

The Sputnik phage infects large viruses like Mimivirus. Sputnik is considered a:

a)

bacteriophage

b)

mycophage

c)

virophage

d)

virophage

4.

Fungal viruses are called:

a)

virophages

b)

viroids

c)

bacteriophages

d)

mycophages

5.

Host range is determined by:

a)

receptors

b)

exotoxins

c)

endotoxins

d)

purulence

6.

In which of the following ways are viruses like bacteria?

a)

Both (all viruses, some bacteria) may be obligate intracellular parasites

b)

Both are unicellular

c)

Both have RNA and DNA

d)

All of these

7.

A plaque is:

a)

A virus that infects bacteria.

b)

A clear area against a "lawn" of bacteria.

c)

Viral DNA incorporated into host cell DNA.

d)

Yersinia pestis

8.

Which of the following provides the most significant support for the idea that viruses are nonliving agents?

a)

They cannot reproduce themselves outside of a host.

b)

They are filterable.

c)

They are chemically simple.

d)

They are not composed of cells

9.

Viruses that use reverse transcriptase to make a DNA copy of their genome and then incorporate the viral DNA into the host cell’s DNA are:

a)

Prions

b)

Lytic viruses

c)

Virons

d)

Retroviruses

10.

A bacteriophage is:

a)

A clear area against a "lawn" of bacteria.

b)

Viral DNA incorporated into host cell DNA.

c)

A virus that infects bacteria.

d)

A protein used for attachment to host cells.

11.

Some viruses, such as Human Herpes Virus 1, infect a cell without causing symptoms; these are called:

a)

Lytic viruses

b)

Latent viruses

c)

Phages

d)

Slow viruses

12.

Lytic infections can result in which of the following?

a)

Immunity to reinfection by any other phage.

b)

Acquisition of new characteristics by the host cell.

c)

Production of viroid capsids packed with prion DNA.

d)

Cell lysis after viral replication.

13.

Lysogeny can result in which of the following?

a)

Immunity to reinfection by any other phage.

b)

Production of viroid capsids packed with prion DNA.

c)

Acquisition of new characteristics by the host cell.

d)

Immediate cell lysis.

14.

Which of the following is a method of culturing viruses?

a)

On agar slants

b)

In some type of living cell/organism

c)

In nutrient broth

d)

On agar plates

15.

Which of the following is not used as a criterion to classify viruses?

a)

Nucleic acid type

b)

Morphology

c)

Gram stain

d)

Type of host cells (animal, plant, bacteria)

16.

A viral species is a group of viruses that:

a)

Can't be defined.

b)

Have the same morphology and nucleic acid.

c)

Infect the same cells and cause the same disease.

d)

Have the same genetic information and ecological niche.

17.

Responsible for cold sores:

a)

Hepadnaviridae

b)

Picornaviridae

c)

Treponema pallidum

d)

Herpesviridae

18.

Responsible for rabies:

a)

Rhabdoviridae

b)

Trypanasoma cruzii

c)

Papoviridae

d)

Retroviridae

19.

Responsible for HIV:

a)

Rhabdoviridae

b)

Herpesviridae

c)

Papoviridae

d)

Retroviridae

20.

Responsible for warts and tumors:

a)

Rhabdoviridae

b)

Herpesviridae

c)

Papovaviridae

d)

Retroviridae

21.

Responsible for hepatitis:

a)

Hepadnaviridae

b)

Herpesviridae

c)

Papovaviridae

d)

Retroviridae

22.

One of the main arguments that viruses are "alive" is that they:

a)

can mutate

b)

possess both DNA/RNA

c)

cannot grow on synthetic media

d)

are not made of cells

23.

Most viruses are submicroscopic, but some are as large as microbacteria.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

Helical & Polyhedral viruses can be enveloped or naked.

a)

True

b)

False

25.

A single infectious viral particle is called a:

a)

viroid

b)

virion

c)

virus

d)

capsid

26.

All viruses do not contain:

a)

a genome

b)

a capsid

c)

capsomeres

d)

an envelope

27.

Gyrovirus has circular DNA. It infects:

a)

prokaryotes

b)

eukaryotes

c)

viruses

d)

prions

28.

Hepadnaviridae has linear DNA. It infects:

a)

prokaryotes

b)

eukaryotes

c)

viruses

d)

prions

29.

Hepatitis B has a nucleocapsid, this means that:

a)

it is a naked virus

b)

it has no envelope

c)

it contains only genome and a capsid

d)

all of these

30.

Influenza virus has an envelope. Where do the its lipids come from?

a)

the host's tissues

b)

metabolism

c)

its genome

d)

secreted by its capsid

31.

Glycoprotein spikes like hemagglutinin & neuraminidase:

a)

aid in viral classification

b)

aid in attachment to host

c)

aid in entrance & exit from host cells

d)

all of these

32.

Viral family names end in _____, while genera end in _____.

a)

viridae; virus

b)

virus; viridae

c)

phage; viridae

d)

viridae; phage

33.

Viral names are classified the same way as cellular agents.

a)

True

b)

False

34.

The easiest way to grow human viruses is in bacteria because:

a)

they grow fast

b)

they have the same structures as host cells

c)

they are easy to inject into chicken eggs

d)

they are not the easiest

35.

When researching and creating viral vaccines, besides cell-culture _____ are the best growth medium.

a)

human cells

b)

embryonated eggs

c)

bacteria

d)

fungi

36.

Cytopathic effects can be so specific to a viral type that they can be used for identification.

a)

True

b)

False

37.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) results in host cell CPE's that:

a)

cause waste inclusions

b)

create multinucleate cells

c)

creates discoloration of cells

d)

are cytocidal

38.

All lysogenic viruses eventually become lytic.

a)

True

b)

False

39.

_____% of human DNA is viral.

a)

50

b)

8

c)

17

d)

2

40.

The main route of spread in lysogenic viruses is through:

a)

mitosis

b)

binary fission

c)

lysing host cells

d)

both mitosis & binary fission

41.

The mode of action of most antiviral drugs is:

a)

preventing attachment

b)

stopping viral replication

c)

inactivation of ribosomes

d)

denaturing of the capsid

42.

Retroviruses have two special enzymes that allow them to violate the Central Dogma:

a)

reverse transcriptase & integrase

b)

HIV-1ase & HIV-2ase

c)

perforin & granzyme

d)

reverse transcriptase & perforin

43.

Which cell types are targeted during both the lytic & lysogenic cycles in HIV?

a)

liver cells

b)

T-cells

c)

B-cells

d)

neurons

44.

Which of these infections is always lytic?

a)

Influenza

b)

HIV

c)

Herpes

d)

Hepatitis

e)

All of these

45.

What % of cancers of caused by viruses?

a)

1

b)

5

c)

15

d)

8

46.

Which of these infections is lysogenic?

a)

HPV

b)

HIV

c)

Herpes

d)

Hepatitis

e)

All of these

47.

Oncoviruses usually target _____ in host cells.

a)

tumor-suppressor genes

b)

mitosis

c)

binary fission

d)

all of these

48.

The avocado sunblotch infection is caused by a:

a)

virus

b)

viroid

c)

prion

d)

mycophage

49.

Viroids are composed of:

a)

RNA, capsid, envelope

b)

DNA, capsid, envelope

c)

DNA, capsid

d)

Just unprotected RNA

50.

Why is selective toxicity more difficult where viruses are concerned?

a)

they mutate easily

b)

antivirals must target infected host cells

c)

viruses are intracellular

d)

all of these

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