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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Total questions: 107

Worksheet time: 1hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Endocrine glands secrete _

a)

Hormones

b)

Neurotransmitters

c)

A wide range of chemical substances

2.

What is the endocrine system?

a)

A system of vessels that circulates blood around the body.

b)

A group of bones and tissue that provides support and structure for the body.

c)

A group of glands that work together with the nervous system to coordinate all body functions

d)

A group of organs that is responsible for eliminating wastes.

3.

What is the main function of the endocrine system?

a)

It creates chemicals, or hormones, that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

b)

It creates electrical messages that are sent around the body to maintain homeostasis.

c)

It maintains the correct level of oxygen in the body to maintain homeostasis.

d)

It releases waste from the body to maintain homeostasis.

4.

The "master gland" is known as the __________________.

a)

thyroid gland.

b)

adrenal gland.

c)

pancreas.

d)

pituitary gland.

5.
The gland that stimulates body metabolism
a)
Thyroid
b)
testes
c)
ovary
d)
adrenal
6.

The adrenal glands release adrenaline to help the body regulate _________________.

a)

diseases

b)

body temperature.

c)

stress.

d)

hormones.

7.

Which of the following are chemicals that travel in the blood and cause changes in different parts of the body?

a)

Hormones

b)

Glands

c)

Parathyroid

d)

Adrenal Gland

8.

The response to stress is called

a)

Stay or Stray Response

b)

Fight or Stay Response

c)

Flee or Stray Response

d)

Fight or Flight Response

9.

Which term refers to the body's use of energy for energy and growth?

a)

Excretion

b)

Metabolism

c)

Digestion

d)

Respiration

10.

Hormone regulation operates under which type of feedback mechanism?

a)

positive feedback

b)

negative feedback

c)

zero feedback

d)

Hormones are not regulated

11.

Feedback loops are important because they allow organisms and the environment to

a)

change based on new inputs

b)

fall apart

c)

change based on new outputs

d)

maintain balance

12.
If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to:
a)
keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
b)
decrease body temperature
c)
increase body temperature
d)
regulate blood pressure
13.
Where are the adrenal glands located?
a)
at the base of the brain
b)
in the pelvic area
c)
on top of each kidney
14.
The _____ _____ is the master gland of the body because it releases hormones that stimulate other glands.  It is located at the base of the brain. 
a)
gonads
b)
thymus gland
c)
thyroid gland
d)
pituitary gland
15.
The Islets of Langerhans are located in the ______.  They produce glucagon and insulin. 
a)
thymus
b)
gonads
c)
thyroid
d)
pancreas
16.
This gland is located between the lungs behind the sternum and secretes thymosin that helps mature WBC's in our bodies when we are children. 
a)
thyroid
b)
parathyroid
c)
thymus
d)
brain stem
17.
The _____ gland produces hormones that regulate the body's metabolic rate. Its correct functioning depends on having a good supply of iodine from the diet.  It has a butterfly shape and is located in the anterior neck.
a)
thymus
b)
thyroid
c)
pineal gland
d)
pituitary gland
18.
___________is a hormonal disorder that develops when your pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. When this happens, your bones increase in size, including those of your hands, feet and face.
a)
Addison's Disease
b)
Cushing's Disease
c)
Acromegaly
d)
Grave's Disease
19.
You are driving down the rode and come upon an accident.  You notice the victim is your best friend and the car door is stuck.  Your heart rate increases and your mental alertness is enhanced.  You are able to open the car door for an unexplained reason.  What is this reason?
a)
Your adrenal gland is producing epinephrine
b)
Your pancreas is producing insulin
c)
Your thyroid is producing T3 and T4
20.
This image is an example of which is common in hyperthyroidism. 
a)
Parathromone
b)
Acromegaly
c)
Exophthalmos
d)
Polynephritis
21.
Liver damage, heart disease, testicular changes and breast growth in males are symptoms of:
a)
Addison's Disease
b)
Cushing's syndrome
c)
hyperthyroidism
d)
steroid abuse
22.
In females, breast milk production is the result of:
a)
growth hormone
b)
vasopressin
c)
prolactin
d)
adrenaline
23.
If you have diabetes, you most likely have a problem with this hormone.
a)
ADH
b)
Glucagon
c)
Insulin
d)
PTH
24.

Produces the hormone insulin and glucagon, which controls the level of glucose in the blood.

a)

Thyroid Gland

b)

Pancreas

c)

Thymus Gland

d)

Pituitary Gland

25.

These release testosterone, which controls changes in a male's body and regulates sperm production.

a)

Ovaries

b)

Target Cells

c)

Parathyroids

d)

Testes

26.
Which hormone is not secreted by the anterior pituitary.
a)
Oxytocin
b)
FSH
c)
TSH
d)
ACTH
27.
What element is needed to produce proper amounts of Thyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4)?
a)
Iodine
b)
Iron
c)
Calcium
d)
Zinc
28.
Which hormone is secreted directly from the Posterior Pituitary Gland?
a)
ADH
b)
LH
c)
ACTH
d)
FSH
29.
Which hormone is secreted directly from the Posterior Pituitary Gland?
a)
Oxytocin
b)
Aldosterone
c)
Epinephrine
d)
Cortisol
30.
Insulin is secreted by:
a)
α-cells in the Islets of Langerhans
b)
β-cells in the Islets of Langerhans
c)
β-cells in the pancreatic medulla
d)
α-cells in the pancreatic cortex
31.
The hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to a stressor is:
a)
Aldosterone
b)
Cortisol
c)
Epinephrine
d)
ACTH
32.
Thickening of the endometrium is controlled by:
a)
FSH
b)
LH
c)
Estrogen
d)
Progesterone
33.
The ovarian follicle is stimulated through development by:
a)
FSH
b)
LH
c)
Estrogen
d)
Progesterone
34.
Ovulation is triggered by a surge in:
a)
FSH
b)
LH
c)
Estrogen
d)
Progesterone
35.
Shedding of the endometrium is triggered by a drop in:
a)
FSH
b)
LH
c)
Estrogen
d)
Progesterone
36.
The levels of Calcium in the blood are controlled by the:
a)
Parathyroid Glands
b)
Thyroid Gland
c)
Pineal Gland
d)
Adrenal Gland
37.
Which of the following is a unique function of Cortisol?
a)
Reduce Inflammation
b)
Increase blood glucose
c)
Dilate air passage ways
d)
Increase heart beat
38.
What is the function of hypothalamus?
a)
the master gland
b)
controls all other endocrine glands
c)
senses the hormone levels in the blood
d)
helps you go to sleep
39.
Pineal gland – 
a)
produces a hormone (melatonin) that helps you go to sleep
b)
produces a hormone that stimulates the immune response in children
c)
hormone that increases blood
d)
decreases bone calcium levels
40.
Thyroid gland - 
a)
increase bone calcium levels
b)
produces a hormone (melatonin) that helps you go to sleep
c)
decreases bone calcium levels
d)
produces a hormone that stimulates the immune response in children
41.
Function of parathyroid gland?
a)
produces hormones that influence metabolic rate
b)
decrease blood calcium
c)
increase bone calcium levels
d)
decreases bone calcium levels
42.
What is the thymus gland?
a)
decrease blood calcium
b)
increase bone calcium levels
c)
produces a hormone that increases blood
d)
stimulates the immune response in children
43.
Function of adrenal glands:
a)
produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)
b)
control female characteristics and menstrual cycle
c)
control male characteristics and sperm production
d)
help prepare the body for stress
44.
What is the function of ovaries?
a)
control female characteristics and menstrual cycle
b)
control male characteristics
c)
produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)
d)
control blood pressure
45.
What are the testes?
a)
control menstrual cycle
b)
produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)
c)
control blood pressure
d)
control male characteristics
46.

In what scenario might your body release adrenaline?

a)

when you're waking up from a long night's sleep

b)

when there isn't enough calcium in your bloodstream

c)

when you're threatened by a schoolyard bully

d)

when you've had too much to eat

47.

What does melatonin do?

a)

Raises our blood sugar

b)

Regulates our blood pressure

c)

Regulates our metabolism

d)

Regulates our sleep cycle

48.

Insulin causes

a)

a decrease in the concentration of blood glucose

b)

a decrease in the permeability of cell membranes to glucose

c)

an increase in the production of glucose from glycogen

d)

a release of adrenaline into the body

49.

What structure(s) shown in the picture above the kidneys?

a)

Thyroids

b)

Adrenal glands

c)

Testes

d)

Parathyroids

50.

What structure is this?

a)

Pancreas

b)

Thyroid

c)

Parathyroid

d)

Adrenal glands

51.
Diabetes is a disease in which the body doesn't produce insulin or can't process it, resulting in 
a)
low glucose levels.
b)
high glucose levels.
c)
high insulin levels.
d)
sickle cell anemia.
52.
Diabetes is a disease in which the body doesn't produce insulin or can't process it, resulting in 
a)
low glucose levels.
b)
high glucose levels.
c)
high insulin levels.
d)
sickle cell anemia.
53.
Diabetes which is caused from insulin resistance (the body produces it, but no longer recognizes it) is ...
a)
Type 1.
b)
Type 2.
c)
Juvenile diabetes.
d)
Not enough information.
54.
Symptoms often associated with diabetes are
a)
Excessive thirst.
b)
fatigue.
c)
frequent urination.
d)
all of these answers.
55.
When the body does not produce insulin, this results in 
a)
low blood sugar.
b)
high insulin levels.
c)
Type 1 diabetes.
d)
Type 2 diabetes.
56.
Which type of diabetes is often caused later in life from poor diet and lack of activity?
a)
Type 1
b)
Type 2
c)
Type 3
d)
All of them
57.

What hormone is released by the pancreas when the blood sugar level is LOW?

a)

glucose

b)

glucagon

c)

insulin

d)

glycogen

58.

What is the fuel the body produces when the food we eat is digested?

a)

Insulin

b)

Glucagon

c)

Glucose

d)

Food

59.

The role of insulin is to

a)

allow glucose to enter the cells, so the fuel can be utilized.

b)

break down glucose

c)

send glucose to kidneys for urination

d)

non of the above

60.

What happens in the liver when the bloodstream has lower than usual glucose levels

a)

Glucose is converted to glycogen

b)

Glycogen is converted to glucose and released into the blood stream

c)

The liver keeps storing glycogen

61.

Where is the thyroid gland?

a)

Below Adam's apple in neck

b)

Scrotum

c)

Brain

d)

Chest

62.

Which hormone is produced in the testes

a)

Insulin

b)

Adrenalin

c)

Testosterone

d)

Thyroxine

63.

Where is insulin produced

a)

Liver

b)

Heart

c)

Pancreas

d)

Pineal gland

64.

Which hormone controls the metabolic rate?

a)

Adrenalin

b)

Thyroxin

c)

Insulin

d)

Testosterone

65.

The Endocrine system affects

a)

All Cells

b)

Muscles

c)

Glands

d)

Neurons

66.

A client with hypofunction of the adrenal cortex has been admitted to the medical unit. What would the nurse most likely find when assessing this client?

a)

Increased body temperature

b)

Jaundice

c)

Copious urine output

d)

Decreased blood pressure

67.

The health care provider has explained to a client that the client has developed diabetic neuropathy in his right foot. Later that day, the client asks the nurse what causes diabetic neuropathy. What would be the nurse's best response?

a)

“Research has shown that diabetic neuropathy is caused by fluctuations in blood sugar that have gone on for years.”

b)

“The cause is not known for sure but it is thought to have something to do with ketoacidosis.”

c)

“The cause is not known for sure but it is thought to involve elevated blood glucose levels over a period of years.”

d)

“Research has shown that diabetic neuropathy is caused by a combination of elevated glucose and ketone levels.”

68.

A nurse is assessing a client who has diabetes for the presence of peripheral neuropathy. The nurse should question the client about what sign or symptom that would suggest the possible development of peripheral neuropathy?

a)

Persistently cold feet

b)

Pain that does not respond to analgesia

c)

Acute pain, unrelieved by rest

d)

The presence of a tingling sensation

69.

A client with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is being cared for on the critical care unit. The priority nursing diagnosis for a client with this condition is what?

a)

Risk for peripheral neurovascular dysfunction

b)

Excess fluid volume

c)

Hypothermia

d)

Ineffective airway clearance

70.

A client with thyroid cancer has undergone surgery and a significant amount of parathyroid tissue has been removed. The nurse caring for the client should prioritize what question when addressing potential complications?

a)

“Do you feel any muscle twitches or spasms?”

b)

“Do you feel flushed or sweaty?”

c)

“Are you experiencing any dizziness or lightheadedness?”

d)

“Are you having any pain that seems to be radiating from your bones?”

71.

A nurse is teaching basic “survival skills” to a client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What topic should the nurse address?

a)

Signs and symptoms of diabetic nephropathy

b)

Management of diabetic ketoacidosis

c)

Effects of surgery and pregnancy on blood sugar levels

d)

Recognition of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia

72.

A nurse is providing health education to an adolescent newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and her family. The nurse teaches the client and family that what nonpharmacologic measures will decrease the body's need for insulin?

a)

Adequate sleep

b)

Low stimulation

c)

Exercise

d)

Low-fat diet

73.

Acromegaly is a pituitary gland disorder. Symptoms included enlarged hands, feet & facial features and larger than normal internal organs. Which hormone is involved in this disorder?

a)

Calcitonin

b)

Estrogen

c)

Testosterone

d)

Growth Hormone

74.

Addison's disease is caused by a decreased production of adrenal hormones. Symptoms include salt cravings (due to imbalance of sodium & potassium), hyperpigmentation and gastrointestinal distress. Which hormones would be involved in this disorder?

a)

Gastrin and thyroxine

b)

Prolactin and oxytocin

c)

Aldosterone and cortisol

d)

Adrenaline and Insulin

75.

Graves' disease impacts your metabolism. Symptoms include goiter, excessive sweating, intolerance to heat, anxiety, increased heart rate and bulging eyes. What endocrine gland is effected by it?

a)

Pituitary Gland

b)

Thyroid Gland

c)

Pineal Gland

d)

Adrenal Glands

76.

Hyperthyroidism is caused by excessive thyroid hormone production which results in weight loss, high heart rate and increased metabolism. What hormones are effected by this disorder?

a)

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine

b)

Calcitonin and prolactin

c)

Adrenaline and glucagon

d)

Vasopressin and Vitamin D

77.

Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder where the body's own defenses attack the thyroid, causing hypothyroidism. What would be a side effect of Hashimoto's disease?

a)

An increase in the production of thyroid hormones

b)

A decrease in the production of thyroid hormones

c)

An increase in the production of parathyroid hormones

d)

A decrease in the production of parathyroid hormones

78.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia is a disorder that causes tumors to grow on many endocrine glands and parts of the small intestine. Which of the following would NOT be a symptom of this disorder?

a)

Growths/tumors on bones

b)

Pancreatic tumors causing an increase in insulin production

c)

Gastrinomas that produce to much gastrin hormone in the stomach

d)

Tumors on the pituitary gland that cause swelling

79.

Polycystic ovary syndrome causes infertility and excessive body and facial hair in women due to hormone imbalances. Which hormones could be impacted by this disorder?

a)

Oxytocin and prolactin

b)

Testosterone and ADH

c)

Estrogen and androgens

d)

Insulin and adrenaline

80.

Hyperparathyroidism creates problems by releasing too much hormone into the blood. This causes unusually high levels of calcium which can lead to weaker bones and kidney damage. Which hormone(s) would be impacted by this disorder?

a)

Prolactin and testosterone

b)

Parathyroid hormone and calcitonin

c)

ADH and Vitamin D

d)

Androgens and serotonin

81.

Cushing's disease causes issues with blood pressure and blood sugar regulation and can cause obesity. This disease is caused by the excessive production of cortisol by the glands that are found on top of the kidneys. What are those glands called?

a)

Pineal Gland

b)

Thymus

c)

Pituitary Gland

d)

Adrenal Glands

82.
The amount of calories a person should eat depends on:  
a)
height, weight, and athletic ability
b)
age, activity level, and gender
c)
age, height, and gender
d)
athletic ability, hair color, eye color
83.
Eating junk food can lead to health problems, such as:
a)
obesity, diabetes, and clogged arteries
b)
cavities, a strong heart, and strong muscles
c)
being underweight, diabetes, and heart attacks
84.
BMI stands for:
a)
Body Medical Imaging
b)
Be Motivated Internally
c)
Body Mass Internally
d)
Body Mass Index
85.
BMI is calculated by using a person's: 
a)
Weight & Height
b)
Height & Age
c)
Weight, Height, & Age
86.
A person is considered obese with a BMI of:
a)
BMI of 35 or higher
b)
BMI of 25 or higher
c)
BMI of 40 or higher
d)
BMI of 30 or higher
87.
Diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by WHAT key  feature ??
a)
Hyperlipidemia
b)
Hyperglycemia
c)
Hypercalcemia
d)
Hyperkalemia
88.
What hormone raises blood calcium levels?
a)
Epinephrine
b)
Calcitonin
c)
PTH
d)
T3 and T4
89.
What hormone regulates electrolyte balance and fluid homeostasis?
a)
Glucocorticoids
b)
Adrenaline
c)
PTH
d)
Mineralocorticoids
90.
What hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?
a)
ADH
b)
TSH
c)
ACTH
d)
GH
91.
What hormone prolongs and intensifies the sympathetic response during stress by increasing heart rate and raising blood glucose?
a)
Epinephrine
b)
Glucocorticoid
c)
T3 and T4
d)
ADH
92.
What hormone lowers blood calcium?
a)
Calcitonin
b)
PTH
c)
Glucagon
d)
Insulin
93.
What hormone stimulates the adrenal gland to produce glucocorticoids?
a)
ADH
b)
PTH
c)
GH
d)
ACTH
94.
What hormone increases the amount of water absorbed by the kidneys thereby decreasing urine amount?
a)
Calcitonin
b)
Mineralocorticoids
c)
ADH
d)
ACTH
95.
What pancreatic hormone increase blood glucose levels?
a)
glucagon
b)
insulin
c)
glucocorticoid
d)
epinephrine
96.
What hormone stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth and releases milk in nursing mothers?
a)
prolactin
b)
calcitonin
c)
T3 and T4
d)
oxytocin
97.

An autoimmune disorder of the thyroid, leading to the overproduction of hormones. Symptoms include enlarged thyroid, protrusion of eyes, lumpy reddish skin on lower legs, and fatigue.

a)

Cushing Syndrome

b)

Grave's Disease

c)

Addison's Disease

d)

Hypothyroidism

98.

This disorder is caused by abnormal insulin receptors usually due to too much carbs in your diet over long term

a)

Type 1 Diabetes

b)

Type 2 Diabetes

c)

Hypoglycemia

99.

Hypersecretion of cortisol, often due to adrenal tumor, can lead to "moon face" feature and "buffalo hump". Elevated blood sugar is another sign.

a)

Goiter

b)

Grave's Disease

c)

Cushing Syndrome

d)

Addison's Disease

100.

The group of cells in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas that are responsible for secreting insulin are the ____.

a)

alpha cells

b)

beta cells

c)

chief cells

d)

leukocytes

101.

Bulging of the eyeballs due to hyperthyroidism is known as ____.

a)

Cushing syndrome

b)

exophthalmia

c)

addison's disease

d)

cretinism

102.

The hormone that lowers the calcium and phosphate ion concentration of the blood by inhibiting the release of calcium phosphate ions from the bones and by increasing the excretion of these ions by the kidneys is ____.

a)

vasopressin

b)

serotonin

c)

melatonin

d)

calcitonin

103.

A condition of the pituitary gland due to a deficiency of ADH in which an individual produces 20 to 30 liters of urine daily and can become severely dehydrated is known as ____.

a)

addison's disease

b)

crohn's disease

c)

diabetes mellitus

d)

diabetes insipidus

104.

The hormone that stimulates development of the follicles in the ovaries is ____.

a)

lactogenic hormone

b)

serotonin

c)

luteinizing hormone

d)

follicle-stimulating hormone

105.

Too little growth hormone secreted before puberty, as a result of abnormal development of the pituitary gland, results in a condition known as ____.

a)

acromegaly

b)

dwarfism

c)

cretinism

d)

gigantism

106.

A condition of the adrenal cortex characterized by bronzing of the skin, decreased blood sodium, low blood glucose, low blood pressure, fatigue, listlessness, and dehydration is called ____.

a)

crohn's disease

b)

diabetes mellitus

c)

addison's disease

d)

diabetes insipidus

107.

The condition caused by too much secretion from the adrenal cortex, resulting in puffy skin, obesity, a moon-shaped face, and masculinizing changes in women, is known as ____.

a)

addison's disease

b)

diabetes mellitus

c)

diabetes insipidus

d)

cushing's syndrome

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