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CH10 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Sperm production

a)

LH

b)

oxytocin

c)

FSH

d)

ADH

2.

Increased thyroid secretion

a)

thyroid hormone

b)

ACTH

c)

ADH

d)

TSH

3.

Decreased urine output

a)

ADH

b)

ACTH

c)

LH

d)

FSH

4.

Can be found in kidneys.

I. Glucagon

II. ADH

III. Aldosterone

IV. Calcitonin

V. Insulin

a)

I,II

b)

II, III

c)

III, IV

d)

IV, V

5.

Uterus

a)

FSH

b)

TSH

c)

Oxytocin

d)

LH

6.

TSH

a)

kidneys

b)

uterus

c)

ovary

d)

thyroid gland

7.

FSH

a)

uterus

b)

mammary gland

c)

gonads

d)

melanocytes

8.

Prolactin

a)

uterine contraction

b)

milk production

c)

ovulation

d)

increased lipid breakdown

9.

oxytocin

a)

milk production

b)

uterine contraction

c)

ovulation

d)

increased lipid breakdown

10.

LH

a)

milk letdown

b)

ovulation

c)

follicle maturation

d)

increased lipid breakdown

11.

GH

a)

conserves water

b)

decreases rate of bone breakdown

c)

increases cardiac output

d)

increased breakdown of lipid

12.

How are hydrophobic hormones transported through the body?

a)

Hydrophobic hormones are transported cell to cell through gap junctions.

b)

Hydrophobic hormones are carried by ducts.

c)

Hydrophobic hormones are carried through the blood by carrier proteins.

d)

All hormones are hydrophilic, so transport is an issue.

13.

Why is it that some hormones need assistance to travel in the blood?

a)

They have low solubility in blood plasma due to their chemical nature.

b)

They cannot dissolve in the blood because they are water soluble.

c)

They are easily filtered from the blood into the kidney tubules.

d)

They are small enough to be easily digested by blood enzymes.

e)

They are only in their activated form if treated with blood enzymes.

14.

Blood chemistry changes are examples of _____ stimuli, whereas the use of hormones to stimulate relase of other hormones is an example of a ______ stimulus for hormones relase.

a)

neural, hormonal

b)

hormonal, humoral

c)

humoral, hormonal

d)

hormonal, neural

15.

lipid-soluble hormones

a)

DNA receptors

b)

nuclear receptors

c)

extracellular receptors

d)

membrane-bound receptor

16.

What is a G protein?

a)

a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary that inhibits the secretion of thyroid hormones

b)

Three protein subunits found on the inner surface of the plasma membrane with a GDP attached to it

c)

A tropic hormone that acts upon reproductive tissues

d)

A water-soluble protein that carries hormones in the bloodstream

17.

Identify the two hormones that are produced by the hypothalamus but stored and released by the posterior pituitary.

a)

Cortisol

b)

Growth hormone

c)

Oxytocin

d)

Prolactin

e)

Antidiuretic Hormone

18.

What processes are increased when glucagon acts on the liver?

a)

Glycogen synthesis

b)

Formation of glucose from amino acids and fats

c)

breakdown of glycogen

d)

breakdown of glucose to produce ATP

19.

Identify hormones that decrease in secretion with age in normal, healthy individuals.

a)

Parathyroid hormone

b)

Thymosin

c)

Melatonin

d)

Insulin

e)

Growth hormone

20.

Effects of adrenal medullary hormones include

a)

Increased blood flow to skeletal muscle and the heart

b)

Increased release of fatty acids from adipose tissue

c)

Increased glucose release from the liver

d)

Increased blood flow through digestive organs

e)

Decreased blood pressure

21.

Which of the following conditions may result in the release of adrenal medullary hormones?

a)

sleep

b)

consuming large meal

c)

low blood glucose

d)

exercise

e)

stress

22.

Alternate name for ADH

(a)  

23.

Hormones bind to membrane-bound receptors which in turn generate the production of ______

a)

ATP

b)

phospholipids

c)

neuropeptide activators

d)

intracellular mediators

e)

second messengers

24.

Activate G proteins or intracellular enzymes

a)

nuclear receptors

b)

DNA receptors

c)

membrane bound receptors

25.

Blood chemistry changes are examples of _____ stimuli, whereas sympathetic nervous system impulses are examples of ____ stimuli.

a)

humoral, hormonal

b)

neural, hormonal

c)

humoral, neural

d)

intermediate, delayed

26.

Chemical messenger produced by neurons

a)

autocrine

b)

paracrine

c)

neurotransmitter

d)

endocrine

27.

chemical messenger which is secreted into the blood by specialized cells

a)

autocrine

b)

paracrine

c)

endocrine

d)

neurotransmitter

28.

chemical messenger secreted by cells in a local area

a)

autocrine

b)

paracrine

c)

neurotransmitter

d)

endocrine

29.

chemical messenger secreted into the extracellular fluid

a)

autocrine

b)

paracrine

c)

neurotransmitter

d)

endocrine

30.

acetylcholine, epinephrine

a)

autocrine

b)

paracrine

c)

neurotransmitter

d)

endocrine

31.

somatostatin, histamine, eicosanoids

a)

autocrine

b)

paracrine

c)

neurotransmitter

d)

endocrine

32.

nonpolar and include steroid hormones, fatty acid derivative hormones, and thyroid hormones

a)

lipid soluble hormones

b)

water soluble hormones

c)

both

33.

transport and protect hormones

a)

binding proteins

b)

enzymes

c)

membrane protein

d)

TAG

34.

Degraded slowly and are not rapidly eliminated from the blood

a)

water soluble hormones

b)

lipid soluble hormones

c)

paracrine chemical messenger

d)

autocrine chemical messenger

35.

_____ are polar molecules and include protein hormones, peptide hormones, and most amino acid derivative hormones.

a)

lipid-soluble hormones

b)

eicosanoid

c)

water-soluble hormones

d)

proteases

36.

enzymes that degrade water soluble hormones

a)

proteases

b)

adenylate cyclase

c)

phosphodiesterase

d)

protein kinase

37.

specialized neuropeptides that stimulate hormone secretion from other endocrine cells

a)

releasing hormones

b)

water-soluble hormone

c)

tropic hormones

d)

inhibiting hormones

38.

Hormones from the anterior pituitary gland that stimulate secretion of another hormone

a)

inhibiting hormone

b)

stimulating hormone

c)

releasing hormone

d)

tropic hormone

39.

Hormones from the hypothalamus that prevent secretion of tropic hormones

a)

releasing hormone

b)

inhibiting hormone

c)

stimulating hormone

d)

companion hormone

40.

Thyroid hormones and steroid hormones generally bind to

a)

DNA receptors

b)

cytoplasmic receptor

c)

membrane-bound receptors

d)

nuclear receptors

41.

Epinephrine and norepinephrine bind to

a)

cytoplasmic receptors

b)

DNA receptors

c)

nuclear receptors

d)

membrane-bound receptors

42.

combination of hormone and its receptor

a)

hormone-response elements

b)

transcription factor

c)

mRNA

d)

tRNA

43.

receptors that bind to DNA and have fingerlike projections that recognize and bind to specific nucleotide sequences in the DNA

a)

hormone-response elements

b)

transcription factor

c)

tRNA

d)

mRNA

44.

______ stimulate protein synthesis.

a)

water-soluble hormones

b)

lipid-soluble hormones

c)

neurotransmitters

d)

autocrine chemical messengers

45.

produced when a ligand binds to its membrane-bound receptor

a)

G protein

b)

protein kinase

c)

second messenger

d)

first messenger

46.

The second messenger system is usually employed by

a)

lipid-soluble hormone

b)

water-soluble hormones

c)

autocrine chemical messengers

d)

paracrine chemical messengers

47.

second messenger

a)

cAMP

b)

AMP

c)

adenylate cyclase

d)

G protein

48.

In the inactive state of G protein, the alpha subunit is attached to the

a)

cAMP

b)

GTP

c)

TGP

d)

GDP

49.

The alpha subunit is also called

a)

GDPase

b)

GTPase

c)

TGPase

d)

kinase

50.

an enzyme that converts ATP to cAMP

a)

adenylate cyclase

b)

protein kinase

c)

phosphodiesterase

51.

enzymes that regulate the activity of other enxzyme

a)

adenylate cyclase

b)

protein kinas

c)

phosphodiesterase

52.

an enzyme that breaks down cAMP to AMP

a)

adenylate cyclase

b)

protein kinases

c)

phosphodiesterase

53.

also known as the hypophysis

a)

pituitary gland

b)

adrenal gland

c)

hypothalamus

d)

thyroid gland

54.

adenohypophysis

a)

anterior pituitary gland

b)

posterior pituitary gland

c)

superior pituitary gland

d)

inferior pituitary gland

55.

neural part of the pituitary gland

a)

pars tubelaris

b)

pars intermedia

c)

pars nervosa

d)

pars distalis

56.

Joins anterior and posterior pituitary gland

a)

pars nervosa

b)

pars tubelaris

c)

pars intermedia

d)

infundibulum

57.

Growth hormone

a)

protein breakdown

b)

increase skin pigmentation

c)

lipid breakdown

d)

increase gene expression

58.

the condition caused by excess growth hormone before the closure of epiphyseal plate

a)

giantism

b)

acromegaly

c)

pituitary dwarf

d)

graves disease

59.

characterized by abnormally large facial features and hands

a)

acromegaly

b)

hyperthyroidism

c)

giantism

d)

exophthalmia

60.

GH is produced in the

a)

posterior pituitary gland

b)

hypothalamus

c)

anterior pitutary gland

d)

adrenal cortex

61.

Growth hormone secretion increases during

a)

exercise

b)

deep sleep

c)

fasting

62.

somatomedins

a)

insulin-like growth factors

b)

delta cells

c)

adrenocorticotropic hormones

d)

interstitial-cell stimulating hormone

63.

increases secretion of hydrocortisone

a)

ACTH

b)

TSH

c)

FSH

d)

LH

64.

One symptom of too much ACTH is

a)

increased urine output

b)

reduced bone density

c)

increased metabolic rate of tissues

d)

darkening of the skin

65.

testosterone production

a)

Luteinizing hormone

b)

follicle-stimulating hormone

c)

prolactin

d)

oxytocin

66.

influence the synthesis of melanin

a)

MSH

b)

LH

c)

FSH

d)

GH

67.

influence the synthesis of melanin

a)

MSH

b)

LH

c)

FSH

d)

GH

68.

acidophils

a)

gonadotropes

b)

mammotropes

c)

corticotropes

d)

thyrotropes

69.

increases water reabsorption by kidney tubules

a)

antidiuretic hormones

b)

oxytocin

c)

thyroid hormone

d)

parathyroid hormone

70.

ADH is also called

a)

hydrocortisone

b)

vasopressin

c)

trioodothyronine

d)

thyroglobulin

71.

lack of ADH secretion causes, which is the production of large amount of dilute urine

a)

diabetes mellitus

b)

diabetes insipidus

c)

graves disease

d)

hypoparathyroidism

72.

The lobes of thyroid glands are connectd by

a)

isthmus

b)

pars tubelaris

c)

infundibulum

d)

pars intermedia

73.

Thyroid hormones are produced in the thyroid follicles which are filled with

a)

c cells

b)

thyroglobulin

c)

thyroxine

d)

T3

74.

C cells secrete ____

a)

PTH

b)

calcitonin

c)

T4

d)

T3

75.

condition caused by the loss of negative feedback mechanism of thyroid hormones

a)

hypoparathyroidism

b)

hyperparathyroidism

c)

goiter

d)

myxedema

76.

structural and functional units of thyroid glands

a)

parafollicular cell

b)

C cell

c)

thyroid follicular cells

d)

colloid

77.

structural and functional units of thyroid glands

a)

parafollicular cell

b)

C cell

c)

thyroid follicular cells

d)

colloid

78.

contains precursors for thyroid hormones

a)

C cells

b)

parafollicular cells

c)

follicular cells

d)

colloid

79.

increased metabolic rate, weight gain, increased appetite, restlessness dyspnea,

a)

hyperparathyroidism

b)

hyperthyroidism

c)

hypothyroidism

d)

hypoparathyroidism

80.

hypothyroidism

a)

weight gain

b)

decreased sympathetic response

c)

decreased cardiac output

d)

myxedema

81.

found in critically ill hospitalized patient

a)

congenital hypothyroidism

b)

euthyroid sick syndrome

c)

T3 Thyroxicosis

d)

subclinical hypothyroidism

82.

hyposecretion of thyroxine in children

a)

subclinical hyperthyroidism

b)

subclinical hypothyroidism

c)

euthyroid sick syndrome

d)

cretinism

83.

accumulation of fluid and other molecules in the subcutaneous tissue of the skin

a)

graves disease

b)

myxedema

c)

hypothyroidism

d)

goiter

84.

autoimmune disease that cause hyperthyroidism

a)

graves disease

b)

cretinism

c)

exophthalmia

d)

goiter

85.

More important than calcitonin in regulating blood calcium levels

a)

LH

b)

TRH

c)

TSH

d)

PTH

86.

which of the ff is not an effect of PTH?

a)

increases active Vitamin D formation

b)

increases blood Calcium levels

c)

decreases loss of Calcium in urine

d)

increases loss of calcium in urine

87.

can result from injury or removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands

a)

hyperparathyroidism

b)

hypoparathyroidism

c)

hyperthyroidism

d)

hypothyroidism

88.

elevated blood calcium level can result to

a)

muscle fatigue and weakness

b)

muscle cramps and tetanus

89.

principal hormone released in the adrenal medulla

a)

norepinephrine

b)

epinephrine

c)

cortisol

d)

androgen

90.

which of the ff does not increase the stimulation of adrenal medulla?

a)

stress

b)

high blood glucose level

c)

low blood glucose level

d)

intense physical activity

91.

mineralocorticoids

a)

cortisol

b)

epinephrine

c)

aldosterone

d)

androgen

92.

regulate blood volume and levels of sodium and potassium

a)

mineralocorticoids

b)

glucocorticoids

c)

androgens

93.

what causes the release of renin?

a)

high blood pressure

b)

low blood pressure

c)

low blood glucose level

d)

high blood glucose level

94.

causes angiotensin I to be converted to angiotensin II

a)

transcription factor

b)

phosphodiester

c)

renin

d)

angiotensin converting enzyme

95.

secreted by zona fasciculata

a)

renin

b)

glucocorticoid

c)

mineralocorticoid

d)

androgen

96.

increases the breakdown of lipids and proteins

a)

cortisol

b)

androgen

c)

renin

d)

epinephrine

97.

secreted by the inner layer of the adrenal cortex

a)

androgens

b)

aldosterone

c)

mineralocorticoids

d)

glucocorticoids

98.

secretes glucagon

a)

alpha cells

b)

beta cells

c)

gamma cells

d)

delta cells

99.

secretes insulin

a)

beta cells

b)

gamma cells

c)

delta cells

d)

alpha cells

100.

major target tissues for insulin

a)

liver

b)

adipose tissue

c)

muscles

d)

satiety center

e)

all of the above

101.

Body's inability to regulate blood glucose levels within normal range

a)

diabetes mellitus

b)

gestational diabetes

c)

diabetes insipidus

102.

occurs when too much insulin is secreted from the pancreas

a)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

b)

Type 1 diabetes insipidus

c)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

d)

Type 2 diabetes insipidus

103.

caused by either too few insulin receptor on target cells or defective receptors on target cells

a)

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

b)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus

c)

Type 1 diabetes insipidus

d)

Type 2 diabetes insipidus

104.

main reproductive hormone in male

a)

testosterone

b)

androgen

c)

progesterone

d)

estrogen

105.

aids in the development of T cells

a)

Thymosin

b)

Thyroid hormone

c)

TSH

d)

TRH

106.

pinecone-shaped structure

a)

pineal gland

b)

pituitary gland

c)

hypothalamus

d)

thymus

107.

inhibits reproductive hormones

a)

melanin

b)

MSH

c)

melatonin

d)

androgen

108.

used medically to initiate abortion

a)

prostaglandins

b)

ANH

c)

human chorionic gonadotropin

d)

erythropoietin

109.

reduces blood pressure

a)

ANH

b)

erythropoietin

c)

human chorionic gonadotropin

d)

prostaglandins

110.

Increased glucocorticoids

a)

ADH

b)

LH

c)

FSH

d)

ACTH

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