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The Nervous System Lecture

Total questions: 111

Worksheet time: 2hrs 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the two organs of the CNS?

a)

Brain

b)

Nerves

c)

Spinal cord

d)

Cranial Nerves

2.

What is the function of sensory neurons?

a)

Pick up data at the brain or spinal cord and take it to the muscles

b)

Pick up data at the brain or spinal cord and bring it to the interneurons

c)

Pick up data (touch, hot, cold, pressure, pain) and brings it into the CNS

d)

Pick up data at the brain or spinal cord and brings it to the motor neurons

3.

There are ___ pairs of cranial nerves. Sensory and Motor nerves for the face, head, and neck.

a)

10

b)

14

c)

16

d)

12

4.

There are ____ pairs of spinal nerves. Sensory and Motor nerves for the arms, legs, and torso.

a)

31

b)

12

c)

15

d)

30

5.

Are cranial and spinal nerves apart of the CNS or PNS?

a)

Central Nervous System

b)

Peripheral Nervous System

6.

Impulses carried in from the muscles, joints, and skin travel in ______.

a)

Visceral Sensory Neurons

b)

Somatic Sensory Neurons

c)

Somatic Motor Neurons

d)

Autonomic Motor Neurons

7.

Impulses carried in from the internal viscera (heart, intestines, etc.) travel in _____.

a)

Somatic Sensory Neurons

b)

Somatic Motor Neurons

c)

Visceral Sensory Neurons

d)

Visceral Motor Neurons

8.

Impulses carried out to the skeletal muscles travel in ____.

a)

Somatic Sensory Neurons

b)

Visceral Sensory Neurons

c)

Somatic Motor Neurons

d)

Autonomic Motor Neurons

9.

Impulses carried out to the the internal viscera (cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands) travel in ______.

a)

Somatic Sensory Neurons

b)

Visceral Sensory Neurons

c)

Somatic Motor Neurons

d)

Autonomic Motor Neurons

10.

Astrocytes are located in the ______.

a)

CNS

b)

PNS

11.

What is one major function of an astrocyte?

a)

Creates a blood-brain barrier and picks up O2 and nutrients to bring it to the neurons

b)

Phagocytes eat and destroy pathogens, dead/damages neurons, and waste

c)

In the choroid plexus they are specialized cells that make CSF

d)

They myelinate the neuron axons in the CNS

12.

What is the location of a Microglia cell?

a)

CNS

b)

PNS

13.

What is one major function of a Microglia cell?

a)

Creates a blood-brain barrier and picks up O2 and nutrients to bring it to the neurons

b)

They are phagocytes that eat and destroy pathogens, dead/damages neurons, and waste

c)

In the choroid plexus they are specialized cells that make CSF

d)

They myelinate the neuron axons in the CNS

14.

What is the location of a Ependyma cell?

a)

CNS

b)

PNS

15.

What is one major function of an Ependyma cell?

a)

Creates a blood-brain barrier and picks up O2 and nutrients to bring it to the neurons

b)

They are phagocytes that eat and destroy pathogens, dead/damages neurons, and waste

c)

In the choroid plexus they are specialized cells that make CSF

d)

They myelinate the neuron axons in the CNS

16.

What is the location of the Oligodendrocyte cell?

a)

CNS

b)

PNS

17.

What is one major function of the Oligodendrocyte cell?

a)

Creates a blood-brain barrier and picks up O2 and nutrients to bring it to the neurons

b)

They are phagocytes that eat and destroy pathogens, dead/damages neurons, and waste

c)

In the choroid plexus they are specialized cells that make CSF

d)

They myelinate the neuron axons in the CNS

18.

1 Oligodendrocyte cell can myelinate up to 50 axons.

a)

True

b)

False

19.

What is the location of a satellite cell?

a)

CNS

b)

PNS

20.

What is one major function of a satellite cell?

a)

It is unknown; they may regulate the environment around a cell body

b)

They myelinate the axon in the PNS of sensory and motor neurons

c)

Creates a blood-brain barrier and picks up O2 and nutrients to bring it to the neurons

d)

They are phagocytes that eat and destroy pathogens, dead/damages neurons, and waste

21.

Schwann cells are located in the ______.

a)

CNS

b)

PNS

22.

What is one major function of a Schwann cell?

a)

It is unknown; they may regulate the environment around a cell body

b)

They myelinate the axon in the PNS of sensory and motor neurons

c)

Creates a blood-brain barrier and picks up O2 and nutrients to bring it to the neurons

d)

They are phagocytes that eat and destroy pathogens, dead/damages neurons, and waste

23.

One axon may need approximately 50-1,000 schwann cells depending on the length.

a)

True

b)

False

24.

Which cell organelle is called a Nissl body if it is in the cell body of a neuron? Note: these cells make protein neurotransmitters.

a)

Axon Hillock

b)

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

c)

Node of Ranvier

d)

Nucleus

25.

In which part of the neuron are neurotransmitters made?

a)

Cell Body

b)

Axon

c)

Dendrite

26.

Which parts of the neuron are myelinated?

a)

Cell Body

b)

Dendrites

c)

Axon

d)

Axon Terminal

27.

What is the functional advantage of a myelin sheath?

a)

SLOWS down the action potential as it passes through the axon so it does not overload the neuron

b)

Transmits the action potential to the axon terminal FASTER to speed up the signals

c)

To control the reflex speed in athletes

d)

Insulates the neurons to prevent damage from the electrical action potentials

28.

What are the gaps between the myelin sheath called?

a)

Schwann Terminals

b)

Nodes of Koch

c)

Nodes of Ranvier

29.

Which type of matter is myelinated tissue (fatty)?

a)

White matter

b)

Grey matter

30.

What is the structural classification of a neuron that has many dendrites and one axon? These are motor neurons.

a)

Bipolar

b)

Unipolar (Pseudo-unipolar)

c)

Multipolar

31.

What is the structural classification of a neuron that has one dendrites and one axon? These are found in the special sense organs.

a)

Multipolar

b)

Bipolar

c)

Unipolar (Pseudo-unipolar)

32.

What is the structural classification of a neuron where a single process emerges from the cell body? These are usually sensory neurons.

a)

Unipolar (Pseudo-unipolar)

b)

Multipolar

c)

Bipolar

33.

Where are multipolar neurons found?

a)

Inside the CNS, brain, and spinal cord

b)

Outside the CNS in the ganglion

34.

Where are pseudo-unipolar or unipolar neurons found?

a)

Inside the CNS, brain, and spinal cord

b)

Outside the CNS in the ganglion

35.

What is the definition of a nucleus?

a)

A cluster of cell bodies in the PNS

b)

A cluster of cell bodies in the CNS

c)

A group of axons in the CNS

d)

A group of axons in the PNS

36.

What is the definition of a ganglion?

a)

A cluster of cell bodies in the CNS

b)

A cluster of cell bodies in the PNS

c)

A group of axons in the CNS

d)

A group of axons in the PNS

37.

What is the definition of a tract?

a)

A cluster of cell bodies in the PNS

b)

A cluster of cell bodies in the CNS

c)

A group of axons in the CNS

d)

A group of axons in the PNS

38.

What is the definition of a nerve?

a)

A cluster of cell bodies in the CNS

b)

A cluster of cell bodies in the PNS

c)

A group of axons in the CNS

d)

A group of axons in the PNS

39.

Action potentials begin at which part of the neuron?

a)

Dendrites

b)

Axon terminal

c)

Axon hillock

d)

Nodes of Ranvier

40.

During this refractory period the neuron cannot respond to another stimulus.

a)

Absolute

b)

Relative

41.

During this refractory period the neuron may respond again if the stimulus is exceptionally strong. (An important message)

a)

Absolute

b)

Relative

42.

One action potential is created at the hillock and that one action potential is conducted all the way to the end.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

The action potential is propagated (recreated) at each node of ranvier.

a)

True

b)

False

44.

Which type of conduction involves myelination?

a)

Continuous

b)

Saltatory

c)

Absolute

d)

Relative

45.

If you want to send a stronger signal you must ________.

a)

Create a bigger action potential

b)

Send more action potentials more often

46.

A short lived, localized change in the membrane potential found in dendrites is called ______.

a)

Graded potential

b)

Action potential

47.

All or none depolarization which starts at the axon hillock and travels through the axon is a:

a)

Graded Potential

b)

Action Potential

48.

Graded potentials turn into ____ potentials if the _____ is reached.

a)

action; barrier

b)

depolarized; threshold

c)

action; threshold

d)

depolarized; barrier

49.

What will occur if the cell is at -70mV and positive ions such as sodium (Na+) moves INTO the cell?

a)

Depolarization

b)

Hyper-polarization

c)

Repolarization

50.

What will occur if the cell is at -70mV and negative ions such as chloride (Cl-) moves INTO the cell?

a)

Depolarization

b)

Hyper-polarization

c)

Repolarization

51.

What will occur if the cell is at -70mV and positive ions such as potassium (K+) moves OUT of the cell?

a)

Depolarization

b)

Hyper-polarization

c)

Repolarization

52.

How would you get a bigger action potential?

a)

Only one sodium channel needs to be opened to create a big action potential

b)

Opening multiple sodium channels is needed to create a big action potential

53.

What are the three ways to get rid of a neurotransmitter when finished sending the signal?

a)

Use an enzyme to break it down

b)

Use Acetylcholine to break it down

c)

Re-uptake

d)

Use all of the neurotransmitters during the reaction

e)

Wait for the neurotransmitter to float away

54.

If you want to turn the post-synaptic neuron "on" you must generate ______.

a)

EPSP

b)

IPSP

55.

If you want to turn the post-synaptic neuron "off" you must generate _____.

a)

EPSP

b)

IPSP

56.

Sending more EPSP's down the same neuron in a rapid succession so that the threshold is crossed and an action potential is generated is called _____.

a)

Temporal stimulation

b)

Spatial stimulation

57.

Sending more EPSP's down several different neurons so that the threshold is crossed and an action potential is generated is called _____.

a)

Temporal stimulation

b)

Spatial stimulation

58.

What is the neurotransmitter of skeletal muscle?

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Dopamine

c)

Serotonin

d)

Melatonin

59.

This neurotransmitter is depleted in Parkinson's disease.

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Dopamine

c)

Serotonin

d)

GABA

60.

This neurotransmitter is lacking in the people who have depression and anxiety disorders.

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Dopamine

c)

Serotonin

d)

Melatonin

61.

This is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter.

a)

Acetylcholine

b)

Dopamine

c)

Serotonin

d)

GABA

62.

This is the pain neurotransmitter.

a)

Acetylcholine P

b)

Dopamine

c)

Melatonin

d)

Substance P

63.

The neuron that sends the message is called:

a)

Pre-synaptic neuron

b)

Post-synaptic neuron

c)

Synaptic cleft

d)

Axon terminal

64.

The neuron that receives the message is called:

a)

Pre-synaptic neuron

b)

Post-synaptic neuron

c)

Dendrite

d)

Axon terminal

65.

Which type of synapse is involved with the faster transfer of signals?

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

66.

Which type of synapse is involved with gap junctions.

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

67.

Which type of synapse is involved with the release and uptake of neurotransmitters?

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

68.

Which type of synapse is most used in the body?

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

69.

Which type of synapse is the rarest?

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

70.

Which type of synapse is found at the neuromuscular junction?

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

71.

What are the names of the ridges (elevations) of the cerebrum?

a)

Gyrus

b)

Sulcus

c)

Fissure

72.

What is the name of the shallow groove of the cerebrum?

a)

Gyrus

b)

Sulcus

c)

Fissure

73.

What is the name of the deep grooves of the cerebrum?

a)

Gyrus

b)

Sulcus

c)

Fissure

74.

What is the name of the deep groove that separates the right and left cerebrum?

a)

Lateral sulcus

b)

Longitudinal fissure

c)

Transverse fissure

d)

Central sulcus

75.

What is the name of the deep groove that separates the cerebrum and cerebellum?

a)

Longitudinal fissure

b)

Lateral Sulcus

c)

Central Sulcus

d)

Transverse fissure

76.

What is the name of the shallow groove that separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe?

a)

Lateral sulcus

b)

Transverse fissure

c)

Longitudinal fissue

d)

Central sulcus

77.

The cerebral cortex is in the ___ and has ____ matter.

a)

inside; grey

b)

inside; white

c)

outside; grey

d)

outside; white

78.

The cerebral white matter is on the ___ and has ___ neurons.

a)

Outside; unmyelinated

b)

Outside; myelinated

c)

Inside; unmyelinated

d)

Inside; myelinated

79.

What is the function of the commissural fibers?

a)

Connects the brain to the spinal cord

b)

Connects the gyri on the same side of the brain

c)

Connects the right side of the brain to the left side

80.

What is the other name for the commissural fibers?

a)

Corpus callosum

b)

Lateral ventricles

c)

Third ventricle

d)

Thalamus

81.

What is the function of the projection fibers?

a)

Connects the right side of the brain to the left side

b)

Connects the brain to the spinal cord

c)

Connects the gyri on the same side of the brain

82.

What is the function of the association fibers?

a)

Connects the right and left sides of the brain

b)

Connects the brain to the spinal cord

c)

Connects the gyri on the same side of the brain

83.

The basal nuclei are located ___ and are involved with ________.

a)

Superficial; coordinating movement

b)

Superficial; connecting the right side of the brain to the left

c)

Deep; coordinating movement

d)

Deep; connecting the right side of the brain to the left

84.

What are the three parts of the diencephalon?

a)

Thalamus

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Midbrain

d)

Pons

e)

Epithalamus

85.

What are the three parts of the brain stem?

a)

Thalamus

b)

Midbrain

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Pons

e)

Medulla oblongata

86.

List the correct order for CSF circulation

1. Lateral ventricle

2. cerebral aquaduct

3. inter-ventricular foramen

4. 4th ventricle

5. around the brain in the subarachnoid space and spinal cord

6. 3rd ventricle

a)

1, 3, 6, 2, 4, 5

b)

1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6

c)

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

d)

6, 5, 3, 1, 4, 2

87.

Which glial cells make CSF?

a)

Choroid plexium

b)

Ependymal cells

c)

Microglia cells

d)

Oligodendrocyte cells

88.

Where is CSF made?

a)

Subarachnoid space

b)

Lateral ventricals

c)

Choroid plexus

d)

Cerebral aquaduct

89.

What other body fluid is CSF similar to?

a)

Urine in the bladder

b)

Plasma of the blood

c)

Insulin of the blood

d)

Emesis of the stomach

90.

What are the three functions of CSF?

a)

Cushion to protect nerves

b)

Lubricate the nerves for painless transmission of impulses

c)

Nourish nerves with nutrients and O2

d)

Keep the nerves separate from the blood vessels

e)

Transport hormones and waste products

91.

Old dirty CSF is dumped into the superior sagittal sinus through which structure?

a)

Hydrocephalus

b)

Choroid plexus

c)

The large artery

d)

Arachnoid villus

92.

Excess CSF or "water on the brain" is called:

a)

Hydrocephalus

b)

Encephalopathy

c)

Increased cranial pressure (ICP)

d)

Subarachnoid tension

93.

The CSF is located in which space between meninges?

a)

Pia mater

b)

Superior sagittal sinus

c)

Subarachnoid space

d)

Suprarachnoid space

94.

The CSF is between which later of the meninges?

a)

Pia mater and Arachnoid mater

b)

Arachnoid mater and the dura mater

c)

Pia mater and the dura mater

95.

List the layers of the meninges in order from brain (deep) to skull (superficial).

1. Dura mater

2. Pia mater

3. Arachnoid mater

a)

1, 2, 3

b)

3, 2, 1

c)

2, 3, 1

d)

3, 1, 2

96.

This area of the brain acts as a relay station, directing sensory information to the correct region of the cerebrum.

a)

Thalamus

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Epithalamus

d)

Choroid plexus

97.

This area controls the autonomic nervous system and endocrine systems.

a)

Thalamus

b)

Choroid plexus

c)

Hypothalamus

d)

Superior colliculi

98.

This gland secretes the sleep hormone melatonin.

a)

Pituitary gland

b)

Pineal gland

c)

Thymus

d)

Thyroid

99.

This capillary bed makes CSF.

a)

Choroid plexus

b)

Thalamus

c)

Arachnoid villus

d)

Dura mater

100.

The choroid plexus and the pineal gland together can be called the ______.

a)

Thalamus

b)

Hypothalamus

c)

Epithalamus

d)

Corpora quadremia

101.

These two superior bumps of the midbrain coordinates visual reflexes.

a)

Corpora quadremia

b)

Superior nigra

c)

Superior colliculi

d)

Medulla oblongata

102.

These two inferior bumps of the midbrain coordinate auditory startle reflexes.

a)

Corpora quadremia

b)

Inferior nigra

c)

Medulla oblongata

d)

Inferior colliculi

103.

All 4 bumps of the midbrain (superior and inferior colliculi) together are called

a)

Substantia Nigra

b)

Corpora Quadremia

c)

Red Nucleus

d)

Arbor Vitae

104.

This area of the midbrain fine tunes voluntary movement and is damaged in Parkinson's disease.

a)

Substantia Nigra

b)

Corpora quadremia

c)

Medulla oblongata

d)

Corpus callosum

105.

This area of the midbrain has iron deposits and is well vascularized. It is involved with muscle tone.

a)

Red nucleus

b)

Inferior colluculi

c)

Superior colliculi

d)

Pineal gland

106.

This area of the brain stem contains the cardiovascular and respiratory control centers.

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

Thalamus

c)

Corpus callosum

d)

Medulla oblontata

107.

Decussation (crossing over) of pyramidal motor neurons occurs in this area of the brain stem.

a)

Substantia Nigra

b)

Corpus callosum

c)

Medulla oblongata

d)

Pons

108.

Vomiting, coughing, sneezing, and hiccuping are all coordinated here.

a)

Substantia Nigra

b)

Medulla oblongata

c)

Corpus callosum

d)

Pons

109.

This area of the brain is involved with subconscious control of skeletal muscles. Involved with posture and fine tuning movements.

a)

Cerebellum

b)

Substantia Nigra

c)

Pons

d)

Corpus callosum

110.

The correct name of the "tree of life" is

a)

Arbor vitae

b)

Substantia Nigra

c)

Corpora quadremia

d)

Pons

111.

Is the arbor vitae white matter or grey matter.

a)

Grey

b)

White

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