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PHYS 205, Exam 7 practice (endocrine & reproductive)

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Function of parathyroid gland?
a)
produces hormones that influence metabolic rate
b)
decrease blood calcium
c)
controls blood sugar
d)
controls blood calcium levels to support muscle contraction
2.
The hormone that lowers blood sugar is?
a)
Insulin
b)
Glucagon
c)
Cortisol
d)
GnRH
3.
The levels of Calcium in the blood are controlled by the?
a)
Parathyroid Glands
b)
Thyroid Gland
c)
Pineal Gland
d)
Adrenal Gland
4.
Function of adrenal glands?
a)
produces hormones that control BSL (blood sugar level)
b)
control female characteristics and menstrual cycle
c)
control male characteristics and sperm production
d)
help prepare the body for stress
5.
Homeostasis?
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
6.
Hormone that is structurally related to cholesterol and are lipid soluble.
a)
parathyroid hormone
b)
steroid hormone
c)
hormone
d)
nonsteroid hormone
7.
Ductless gland that secretes one or more hormones into the bloodstream.
a)
endocrine system
b)
exocrine system
c)
adrenal glands
d)
endocrine gland
8.
External portion of the adrenal gland; its primary hormones, aldosterone and cortisol, influence inflammation, metabolism, interstitial fluid volume, and other functions.
a)
adrenal glands
b)
adrenal medulla
c)
adrenal cortex
d)
cortex
9.
An intracellular messenger molecule generated by the binding of a chemical messenger (hormone or neurotransmitter) to a plasma membrane receptor on a cell's outer surface; mediates intracellular responses to an extra-cellular (first) messenger.
a)
steroid hormone
b)
hormone
c)
second messenger
d)
aldosterone
10.
Glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, also called hydrocortisone, that during fasting assists in maintaining blood glucose levels by promoting the utilization of fats by increasing the breakdown of protein to amino acids in muscle.
a)
hormone
b)
cortex
c)
cortisol
d)
calcitonin
11.
Region of the brain forming the floor of the third ventricle; helps regulate the body's internal environment by secreting releasing factors that affect the secretion of hormones of the anterior pituitary.
a)
hypothalamus
b)
hyperthyroidism
c)
hypothyroidism
d)
thymus gland
12.
Interior portion of the adrenal gland; produces epinephrine and norepinepthrine.
a)
adrenal medulla
b)
adrenal cortex
c)
adrenal glands
d)
medulla
13.
Involves an overactive thyroid gland and hypersecretion of thyroid hormone and can create hyperactivity, nervousness, agitation, and weight loss.
a)
hypothalamus
b)
hypothyroidism
c)
hyperthyroidism
d)
thyroxine
14.
Hormone released by the thyroid glands that promotes a decrease in blood calcium levels.
a)
cortisol
b)
calcitonin
c)
glucagon
d)
melatonin
15.
Hormone produced by the adrenal cortex that regulates sodium reabsorption.
a)
epinephrine
b)
histamine
c)
aldosterone
d)
hormone
16.
Endocrine gland thought to be involved in setting the biological clock and influencing reproductive function.
a)
adrenal glands
b)
thymus gland
c)
pineal gland
d)
pituitary gland
17.
Specialized epithelial tissue that secretes a product directly into a hollow organ or duct.
a)
exocrine gland
b)
thyroid gland
c)
endocrine gland
d)
pineal gland
18.
Hormone formed by alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas; raises the glucose level of blood by stimulating the liver to break down glycogen.
a)
pancreas
b)
hormone
c)
histamine
d)
glucagon
19.
The path of the sperm is: testicle, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra
a)
true
b)
false
20.

Females make ova (eggs) everyday

a)

False, they make them every month

b)

False, they make them every year

c)

False, they are born with all the ova they'll ever have

d)

True

21.
Name the structure that produces a thin milky fluid that aids in sperm motility and contributes to about 30% of overall semen volume.
a)
testis
b)
seminal vesicle
c)
prostate gland
d)
bulbourethral gland
22.
Sperm are created through meiosis in an area of the testes called the seminiferous tubules. Through which structure do the sperm travel to exit the testes? 
a)
vas deferens
b)
 seminiferous tubules
c)
scrotoum
d)
 epididymis
23.

All forms of gametogenesis result in the production of cells with what characteristic chromosome number?

a)

diploid

b)

haploid

c)

triploid

d)

tetraploid

24.

The process of oogenesis occurs in the

a)

testes

b)

ovaries

c)

fallopian tubes

d)

vas deferens

25.
The goal of meiosis is
a)
to have 4 identical diploid cells
b)
to have two identical haploid cells
c)
to have 4 non identical haploid cells
d)
to have 4 identical haploid cells
26.
the exchanging of genetic material during meiosis is the process of
a)
synapsis
b)
crossing over
c)
Tetrads
d)
linking over
27.

Which hormone causes the re-growth of the endometrial lining of the uterus?

a)

Testesterone

b)

GnRH

c)

Estrogen

d)

Progesterone

28.

Which hormone signals ovulation?

a)

FSH

b)

LH

c)

Inhibin

d)

Estrogen

29.

Which hormone causes FSH and LH to be released?

a)

Testesterone

b)

Estrogen

c)

GnRH

d)

Progesterone

30.

Which of the following statements about the menstrual cycle is false?

a)

Progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle

b)

Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak

c)

Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop

d)

Estrogen levels rise before ovulation, while progesterone levels rise after

31.

Which of the following statements about hormone regulation of the female reproductive cycle is false?

a)

LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries

b)

Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken

c)

Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles

d)

Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol

32.

What is the role of FSH during the menstrual cycle ?

a)

Inhibits the development of another follicle by inhibiting FSH.

b)

Stimulates the development of follicles which in turn leads to estrogen secretion.

c)

Causes ovulation and causes the ruptured follicle to develop into a corpus luteum.

d)

stimulates the growth of the endometrium lining.

33.

The source of FSH in the body is...

a)

ovary

b)

ovarian corpus luteum

c)

anterior pituary gland

d)

pineal gland

34.

Where specifically is the source of estrogen during days 15-24 of the menstrual cycle?

a)

Ovarian follicle

b)

Oviduct glands

c)

Ovarian corpus luteum

d)

Ovarian gland

35.

Which hormone stimulates the build up of the endometrium?

a)

FSH

b)

LH

c)

Estrogen

d)

Progesterone

36.

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone is released from the pituitary gland stimulating the follicle cells to grow and mature.

a)

Follicular Phase

b)

Ovulation Phase

c)

Luteal Phase

37.

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) triggers the ruptured follicle to change into a corpus luteum which begins to secrete estrogens and progesterone.

a)

Follicular Phase

b)

Ovulation Phase

c)

Luteal Phase

38.
the lining of the uterus that thickens as an egg matures
a)
cervix
b)
endometrium
c)
uterus
39.

The part of the female reproductive system where fertilization takes place

a)

Body of the uterus

b)

Cervical canal

c)

Vaginal opening

d)

Ampulla of uterine tubes

40.
What do we call a fertilized egg?
a)
Sperm
b)
Testosterone
c)
Zygote
d)
Egg
41.
What is the process called when a sperm and egg produce a zygote?
a)
Reproduction
b)
Excretion
c)
Fertilization
d)
Sneezing
42.

The lining of the uterus coming out through the vagina (sometimes called 'having a period').

a)

Conception

b)

Fertilization

c)

Implantation

d)

Menses

43.

In day 1 of the ovarian cycle women are in which phase?

a)

Luteal

b)

Follicular

c)

Menstrual

d)

Ovulation

44.

How many days after fertilization implantation happens?

a)

7

b)

14

c)

21

d)

64

45.
Meiosis makes sperm and egg cells. In humans, sperm and egg cells each have _____ chromosomes. Therefore a fertilized human egg cell (sperm and egg cell combined) would create a cell with _____ chromosomes.
a)
23, 46
b)
46, 23
c)
2, 4
d)
50, 100
46.

In what order does sperm travel through the female reproductive system?

a)

Vagina > Uterus > Cervix > Fallopian Tubes

b)

Vagina > Urethra > Cervix > Fallopian Tubes

c)

Cervix > Vagina > Uterus > Fallopian Tubes

d)

Vagina > Cervix > Uterus > Fallopian Tubes

e)

Vagina > Cervix > Urethra > Fallopian Tubes

47.

Cervical mucus

a)

Factor that HELP sperm get to the ovum

b)

Factor that PREVENT sperm get to the ovum

48.

Muscular contractions of the uterus

a)

Factor that HELP sperm get to the ovum

b)

Factor that PREVENT sperm get to the ovum

49.

Activation of digestive enzymes in this structure allow sperm to burrow through the corona radiata.

a)

Acrosome

b)

Flagella

c)

Head

d)

Midpiece

50.
In correct chronological order, the three phases of the human ovarian cycle are:
a)
menstrual → ovulation → luteal. 
b)
follicular → luteal → secretory. 
c)
menstrual → proliferative → secretory. 
d)
follicular → ovulation → luteal. 
51.
Menopause is characterized by -
a)
reduced synthesis of ovarian steroids despite high levels of gonadotropin hormones. 
b)
a decline in production of the gonadotropin hormones by the anterior pituitary gland. 
c)
wearing away of the uterine endometrium. 
d)
an increase in the blood supply to the ovaries. 
52.

What happens to the polar bodies formed during oogenesis?

a)

They cause the acrosome reaction.

b)

They cause the cortical reaction.

c)

They pull chromosomes to the ends of the cell when the zygote divides.

d)

They are not used and break down.

53.

Why is human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) important in early pregnancy?

a)

It is required for equal cell divisions in the growing embryo.

b)

It stimulates the ovary to continue production of estrogen and progesterone.

c)

It increases the rate of cell division in the embryo.

d)

It promotes growth of the inner cell mass within the embryo.

54.

The basic difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis is that ________.

a)

during spermatogenesis two more polar bodies are produced

b)

the mature ovum is n, while the sperm is 2n

c)

in oogenesis, one mature ovum is produced from the parent cell, and in spermatogenesis four mature sperm are produced from the parent cell

d)

spermatogenesis involves mitosis and meiosis, but oogenesis involves meiosis only

55.
What hormone raises blood calcium levels?
a)
Epinephrine
b)
Calcitonin
c)
PTH
d)
T3 and T4
56.
What hormone regulates electrolyte balance and fluid homeostasis?
a)
Glucocorticoids
b)
Adrenaline
c)
PTH
d)
Mineralocorticoids
57.
What hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?
a)
ADH
b)
TSH
c)
ACTH
d)
GH
58.
What hormone prolongs and intensifies the sympathetic response during stress by increasing heart rate and raising blood glucose?
a)
Epinephrine
b)
Glucocorticoid
c)
T3 and T4
d)
ADH
59.
What pituitary hormone stimulates growth of all organs?
a)
PTH
b)
GH
c)
T3 and T4
d)
TSH
60.
What hormone increases the amount of water absorbed by the kidneys thereby decreasing urine amount?
a)
Calcitonin
b)
Mineralocorticoids
c)
ADH
d)
ACTH
61.
What hormone stimulates uterine contraction during childbirth and releases milk in nursing mothers?
a)
prolactin
b)
calcitonin
c)
T3 and T4
d)
oxytocin

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