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Physiology Phase 2

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 43mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

which is faster when the solute concentration is low

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

2.

which is faster when the solute concentration is high

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

3.

which utilizes integral proteins

a)

simple diffusion

b)

facilitated diffusion

4.

what is the source of energy for primary active transport?

(a)  

5.

what is the source of energy for secondary active transport?

(a)  

6.

cotransport

a)

symport

b)

antiport

7.

countertransport

a)

symport

b)

antiport

8.

symport and antiport

a)

primary active transport

b)

secondary active transport

c)

both

d)

neither

9.

myelin

a)

insulator

b)

conductor

10.

myelin production in the CNS

a)

oligodendrocytes

b)

Schwann cells

c)

fibrous astrocytes

d)

microglia

e)

protoplasmic astrocytes

11.

myelin production in the PNS

a)

oligodendrocytes

b)

Schwann cells

c)

fibrous astrocytes

d)

microglia

e)

protoplasmic astrocytes

12.

conduction across unmyelinated portions of the axons

a)

saltatory conduction

b)

regeneration conduction

c)

terminal conduction

d)

insulation conduction

13.

reason for existence of unmyelinated portions of axons

a)

regeneration of action potential

b)

depolarization

c)

repolarization

d)

conduction

14.

"most important NT of all"

a)

acetycholine

b)

GABA

c)

glycine

d)

glutamate

15.

norepinephrine

a)

produced mainly in post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers

b)

produced mainly in adrenal medulla

c)

all adrenergic receptors

d)

more B2 receptor action

16.

epinephrine

a)

produced mainly in post-ganglionic sympathetic fibers

b)

produced mainly in adrenal medulla

c)

all adrenergic receptors

d)

more B2 receptor action

17.

NT assoc with Alzheimer dementia

a)

acetycholine

b)

GABA

c)

glycine

d)

glutamate

18.

dopamine produced by substantia nigra pars compacta

a)

modulate movement

b)

inhibit prolactin

c)

aka PIF

19.

dopamine produced by hypothalamus

a)

modulate movement

b)

inhibit prolactin

c)

aka PIF

20.

happy hormone

a)

serotonin

b)

dopamine

c)

nitric oxide

d)

epinephrine

e)

norepinephrine

21.

nitric oxide

a)

vasodilation

b)

vasoconstriction

22.

nitric oxide

a)

NO

b)

N2O

c)

vasodilation

d)

laughing gas

23.

nitrous oxide

a)

NO

b)

N2O

c)

vasodilation

d)

laughing gas

24.

excitatory

a)

glycine

b)

GABA

c)

glutamate

25.

inhibitory

a)

glycine

b)

GABA

c)

glutamate

26.

fast pain

a)

glutamate

b)

substance p

c)

bright, sharp, localised

d)

dull, intense, diffuse, unpleasant feeling

27.

slow pain

a)

glutamate

b)

substance p

c)

bright, sharp, localised

d)

dull, intense, diffuse, unpleasant feeling

28.

protein hormones

a)

neutrotransmitters

b)

steroid

c)

utilizes second messengers and g proteins

d)

utilizes nuclear/cytoplasmic receptors

e)

utilizes cell membrane receptors

29.

lipid hormones

a)

neutrotransmitters

b)

steroid

c)

utilizes second messengers and g proteins

d)

utilizes nuclear/cytoplasmic receptors

e)

utilizes cell membrane receptors

30.

2nd messenger system of insulin

a)

tyrosine kinase

b)

CAMP

c)

IP3/DAG

31.

2nd messenger system of glucagon

a)

tyrosine kinase

b)

CAMP

c)

IP3/DAG

32.

2nd messenger system of hypothalamic hormones except CRH

a)

tyrosine kinase

b)

CAMP

c)

IP3/DAG

33.

most common 2nd messenger

a)

tyrosine kinase

b)

CAMP

c)

IP3/DAG

34.

fastest nerve fiber

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-delta

d)

B

e)

C

35.

slowest nerve fiber

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-delta

d)

B

e)

C

36.

muscle spindle, golgi tendon

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-delta

d)

B

e)

C

37.

slow pain, postganglionic autonomic fibers, smell, sexual and itch sensations

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-delta

d)

B

e)

C

38.

touch, pressure only

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-gamma

d)

A-delta

e)

B

39.

gamma motor neurons to muscle spindles (intrafusal fibers)

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-gamma

d)

A-delta

e)

B

40.

fast pain, touch, pressure, temperature

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-gamma

d)

A-delta

e)

B

41.

preganglionic autonomic fibers

a)

A-alpha

b)

A-beta

c)

A-gamma

d)

A-delta

e)

B

42.

relaxing protein that covers actin binding sites at rest

a)

tropomyosin

b)

troponin T

c)

troponin I

d)

troponin C

43.

attaches troponin complex to tropomyosin

a)

tropomyosin

b)

troponin T

c)

troponin I

d)

troponin C

44.

inhibits actin-myosin binding

a)

tropomyosin

b)

troponin T

c)

troponin I

d)

troponin C

45.

calcium binding protein

a)

tropomyosin

b)

troponin T

c)

troponin I

d)

troponin C

46.

which of the following is effective in decreasing the temperature in malignant hyperthermia

a)

paracetamol

b)

ibuprofen

c)

aspirin

d)

all of the above

e)

none of the above

47.

overexcitation of skeletal muscles due to defective ryanodine receptors resulting in excess calcium release from sarcoplasmic reticulum

a)

heat exhaustion

b)

heat stroke

c)

hypothermia

d)

malignant hyperthermia

48.

excessive sweating that decreases BP and causes syncope

a)

heat exhaustion

b)

heat stroke

c)

hypothermia

d)

malignant hyperthermia

49.

high body temperature that causes tissue damage sweating is impaired which further increases temperature; maybe lethal

a)

heat exhaustion

b)

heat stroke

c)

hypothermia

d)

malignant hyperthermia

50.

when ambient temperature is so low, that core temperature cannot be maintained at set-point

a)

heat exhaustion

b)

heat stroke

c)

hypothermia

d)

malignant hyperthermia

51.

triggers of malignant hyperthermia

a)

extreme heat

b)

halothane

c)

succinylcholine

d)

lead

52.

treatment of malignant hyperthermia

a)

atropine

b)

dantrolene

c)

paracetamol

d)

aspirin

e)

ibuprofem

53.

MOA of treatment of malignant hyperthermia

a)

sodium channel blocker

b)

calcium channel blocker

c)

muscle relaxant

d)

ryanodine receptor blocker

e)

potassium channel blocker

54.

parasympathetic

a)

long preganglionic tract, Ach used + short postganglionic tract, muscarinic receptors, Ach used

b)

short preganglionic tract, Ach used + long postganglionic tract, adrenergic receptors, E/NE used

c)

long preganglionic tract, Ach used + short postganglionic tract, adrenergic receptors, Ach used

d)

short preganglionic tract, Ach used + long postganglionic tract, muscarinic receptors, E/NE used

e)

long preganglionic tract, Ach used + long postganglionic tract, muscarinic receptors, Ach used

55.

sympathetic

a)

long preganglionic tract, Ach used + short postganglionic tract, muscarinic receptors, Ach used

b)

short preganglionic tract, Ach used + long postganglionic tract, adrenergic receptors, E/NE used

c)

long preganglionic tract, Ach used + short postganglionic tract, adrenergic receptors, Ach used

d)

short preganglionic tract, Ach used + long postganglionic tract, muscarinic receptors, E/NE used

e)

long preganglionic tract, Ach used + long postganglionic tract, muscarinic receptors, Ach used

56.

blood vessels

a)

alpha 1

b)

alpha 2

c)

beta 1

d)

beta 2

e)

beta 3

57.

presynaptic nerves

a)

alpha 1

b)

alpha 2

c)

beta 1

d)

beta 2

e)

beta 3

58.

heart

a)

alpha 1

b)

alpha 2

c)

beta 1

d)

beta 2

e)

beta 3

59.

smooth muscle

a)

alpha 1

b)

alpha 2

c)

beta 1

d)

beta 2

e)

beta 3

60.

fat tissue

a)

alpha 1

b)

alpha 2

c)

beta 1

d)

beta 2

e)

beta 3

61.

cns

a)

m1

b)

m2

c)

m3

62.

heart

a)

m1

b)

m2

c)

m3

63.

glands and smooth muscles

a)

m1

b)

m2

c)

m3

64.

sites with little/no parasympathetic innervation

a)

cardiac ventricles

b)

pregnant uterus

c)

blood vessels

d)

kidney

e)

pancreas

65.

rods

a)

color

b)

daytime vision

c)

black and white

d)

nighttime vision

e)

vitamin A deficiency --> nyctalopia

66.

cones

a)

color

b)

daytime vision

c)

black and white

d)

nighttime vision

e)

vitamin A deficiency --> nyctalopia

67.

myopia

a)

short eyeball

b)

long eyeball

c)

light rays converge in front of the retina

d)

light rays converge at the back of the retina

e)

irregular/non-uniform curvature of the cornea; multiple convergences of light in the retina

68.

hyperopia

a)

short eyeball

b)

long eyeball

c)

light rays converge in front of the retina

d)

light rays converge at the back of the retina

e)

irregular/non-uniform curvature of the cornea; multiple convergences of light in the retina

69.

corrective lens for hyperopia

a)

biconcave

b)

convex

c)

cylindrical

70.

corrective lens for myopia

a)

biconcave

b)

convex

c)

cylindrical

71.

corrective lens for astigmatism

a)

biconcave

b)

convex

c)

cylindrical

72.

age related loss of accommodation

(a)  

73.

astigmatism

a)

short eyeball

b)

long eyeball

c)

light rays converge in front of the retina

d)

light rays converge at the back of the retina

e)

irregular/non-uniform curvature of the cornea; multiple convergences of light in the retina

74.

most potent mechanism for heat gain

a)

shivering

b)

thyroid hormone production

c)

brown fat

d)

radiation

e)

convection

75.

most potent mechanism for heat loss

a)

shivering

b)

thyroid hormone production

c)

brown fat

d)

radiation

e)

convection

76.

which of the following are correctly paired?


I. PGE1:patency of ductus arteriosus

II. PGE2:fever

III. both are correct

IV. none are correct

a)

I

b)

II

c)

III

d)

IV

77.

pain receptor

a)

no adaptation

b)

becomes non responsive to stimuli after sequential or prolonged stimulation

c)

slow pain receptors: tonic receptors

d)

slow pain receptors: phasic receptors

78.

2 point discrimination

a)

Meissner

b)

Merkel

c)

Ruffini

d)

Pacinian

79.

2-point discrimination in the fingertips

a)

type 1

b)

smaller with well-defined borders

c)

type 2

d)

wider but with poorly-defined borders

80.

2-point discrimination in the back

a)

type 1

b)

smaller with well-defined borders

c)

type 2

d)

wider but with poorly-defined borders

81.

contraction of ciliary muscle

a)

sympathetic

b)

parasympathetic

c)

accommodation

d)

cranial nerve III

e)

pupillary dilatation

82.

true of vision

a)

ciliary muscles : relax

suspensory ligaments : tense

lens : flat

b)

ciliary muscles : contract

suspensory ligaments : slack

lens : spherical

c)

ciliary muscles : relax

suspensory ligaments : tense

lens : spherical

d)

ciliary muscles : contract

suspensory ligaments : slack

lens : flat

83.

true of taste

a)

5 taste receptors:sweet, umami, salty, sour, bitter

b)

6th taste: fat

c)

we are most sensitive to bitter taste as it is protective

d)

afferent nerves: facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

e)

taste receptors are chemoreceptors

84.

four sites involved in balance

a)

cerebellum

b)

eyes

c)

ears

d)

dorsal column

e)

spine

85.

wave associated with dreaming

a)

alpha waves

b)

beta waves

c)

theta waves

d)

delta waves

86.

NREM

a)

beta waves

b)

active dreaming every 90 min

c)

more difficult to arouse by sensory stimuli

d)

periods of loss of skeletal muscle tone or atonia

e)

alpha waves

87.

true of sleep

a)

restore neurotransmitter balance in the brain

b)

babies need to sleep longer than elderly

c)

sleep aids consolidation

d)

sleep aids conversion of short term memory to long term memory

e)

elderly need to sleep longer than babies

88.

true of sleep

a)

human body clock found in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus

b)

human body clock found in the pineal gland

c)

melatonin is produced by the pineal gland

d)

melatonin is produced by the hypothalamus

e)

melatonin comes from tryptophan

89.

3 smallest bones in the body

a)

malleus

b)

incus

c)

stapes

d)

malleolus

e)

stapedius

90.

old names of 3 smallest bones


I. malleus:hammer

II. incus:anvil

III. stapes:stirrup

a)

only I is correct

b)

only II is correct

c)

only III is correct

d)

I and II are correct

e)

all are correct

91.

true of hearing

a)

middle ear amplifies sound

b)

middle ear attenuates sound

c)

apex responds better to low frequency than the base

d)

apex responds better to high frequency than the base

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