Its purpose is to coordinate the activities of sub-units and members within the organization's environment.

This is more subject to change, a timeframe of planning which covers a period from one year to five years.

This covers five years or more. Any plan that extends beyond five years are this kind of planning.

This approach of formal planning is independently formulated both at the corporate and business levels.

This approach of formal planning is initiated by various units or divisions of an organization and the passed upward for aggregation at the corporate level.

This approach of formal planning is taken by upper level of executives of the organization.

This approach of formal planning is a compromise between the bottom-up and the top-bottom methods.

Which of the steps of planning that a planner has a clear concept of the broad objectives of the firm and the specific objectives of any given plan?

Which of the steps of planning that the problem to be resolved by the planning process must be clearly stated?