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Genetonline

Total questions: 91

Worksheet time: 2hrs 37mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
A characteristic that is passed from parent to offspring
a)
inherited trait
b)
chromosome
c)
pedigree
d)
DNA
2.
A chart that traces the history of traits in a particular family
a)
DNA
b)
pedigree
c)
chromosome
d)
variation
3.
Ability to to ride a motorcycle
a)
inherited triat
b)
acquired trait
c)
genes
d)
Keelan
4.

Two identical alleles for a trait is known as

a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

c)

mutation

d)

codominance

5.

A mutation is harmful to an organism if it

a)

changes the phenotype of an organism

b)

changes the DNA segment

c)

reduces the organism's chance of survival

d)

makes the organism better able to avoid predators

6.
In a punnet square where are the parent alleles written?
a)
Top and inside the boxes
b)
Only on the left and right side of the boxes. 
c)
outside of the boxes (top and left side)
d)
All on the top side of the boxes
7.

In which insect among the following,the female is heterogametic ?

a)

Queen bee

b)

Butterfly

c)

Grasshopper

d)

Cockroach

8.

Write the name of scientist

a)

Gregor Mendel

b)

Darwin

c)

Lamark

d)

none of the above

9.
Heterozygous is when...
a)
the alleles are the same
b)
the alleles are different
c)
the alleles are absent
d)
the alleles are present
10.
What is one advantage of sexual reproduction?
a)
offspring are identical to parents
b)
offspring are resistant to viruses
c)
offspring are born live, rather thna from eggs
d)
offspring inherit a wider variety of genetic information
11.
Genotype refers to the ...
a)
physical expression of the genes
b)
the possible combination of alleles in a gene
c)
whether an allele is dominant or recessive
d)
how an organism will appear
12.

Who first demonstrated that RNA is the genetic material in RNA containing virus? (more than 1 option)

a)

Fraenkal-Conrat

b)

Leslie Orgel

c)

Singer

d)

Francis Brick

13.

Name the scientists who independently proposed the RNA world

a)

Leslie Orgel

b)

Walter Gilbert

c)

Carl Woese

d)

Francis Brick

e)

Singer

14.

_______ being a catalyst is very reactive and unstable.

a)

DNA

b)

Proteind

c)

RNA

d)

All the above

15.

Which group present in RNA makes it liable and easily degradable?

a)

5' phosphate

b)

2' COOH

c)

2'OH

d)

3'OH

16.

The_____ charged DNA is wrapped around______ charged histone octamere.

a)

Neutral,negative

b)

Positive,negative

c)

Negative,positive

d)

Both the charges are negative

17.

Phage T2 infects the bacterium________

a)

Escherichia coli

b)

Lactococcus lactis

c)

Streptococcus thermophilus

d)

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

18.

Hershey and Martha conducted their experiments on ______

a)

Rat

b)

Fungus

c)

Bacteriophages

d)

Pisum sativum

19.

The only difference between DNA and RNA is

a)

One oxygen more in DNA

b)

One oxygen atom less in RNA

c)

Difference not identified

d)

One oxygen atom less in deoxyribose

20.

The chemical bonds that link the sugar components of adjacent nucleotides are called

a)

Covalent bond

b)

Ionic bond

c)

Co ordinate covalent bond

d)

Phosphodiester bond

21.

When a phosphate group is attached to the 5' carbon of the same sugar is called_______.

a)

Nucleotide

b)

Nucleoside

c)

Purine

d)

Pyrimidine

22.

Genes may exist in several alternate forms called

a)

Alleles

b)

Clones

c)

Purines

d)

Pyrimidines

23.

Gene occupies a specific position called

a)

Histones

b)

Vacuole

c)

Orbit

d)

Locus

24.

The cellular factory responsible for protein synthesis is

a)

Mitochondria

b)

Lysosome

c)

Ribosome

d)

Golgi Bodies

25.

Division of the sequence of bases into codon

a)

Promotor

b)

Reading frame

c)

Nonreading frame

d)

terminator

26.

The sites in a ribosome are A site, P site and E site.

a)

True

b)

False

27.

A mom with the heterozygous gene for Widows peak and a father with the heterozygous gene for Widows peak: odds their baby HAS a widow's peak?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

75%

d)

100%

28.

The homozygous recessive trait for no taste of PTC paper

a)

tt

b)

Tt

c)

TT

29.

The heterozygous DOMINANT trait of dimples?

a)

DD

b)

dd

c)

Dd

30.

A mom with a dominant HOMOZYGOUS gene of a hitchhiker's thumb and a dad with a homozygous recessive gene for a straight thumb. What is the baby's phenotype?

a)

50% straight thumb

b)

100% Hitchhiker's Thumb

c)

25% Hitchhiker's Thumb

31.

If a mother has the homozygous dominant trait FF, what is her phenotype?

a)

Freckles

b)

Tall

c)

No PTC taste

d)

Widow's Peak

32.
Organisms that always produce offspring with the same traits are known as
a)
purebred
b)
hybrid
c)
dominant trait
d)
recessive trait
33.
Are recessive traits shown with capital or lowercase letters? 
a)
Capital
b)
Lowercase
34.
The mathematical chance that something will happen is known as...
a)
chance
b)
luck
c)
probability
35.
An allele or gene that always shows is
a)
recessive
b)
dominant
c)
hidden
d)
present
36.
A ________________________ is used to predict the possible genotype from certain parents
a)
Mendel Grid
b)
Genetic Tic Tac Toe
c)
Punnett Square
d)
Pedigree Plot
37.

In animals, shaggy fur is dominant to short fur. According to the genotypes shown, what percent of offspring will have short fur?

a)

0

b)

25

c)

50

d)

75

e)

100

38.

In animals, shaggy fur is dominant to short fur. The Punnett Square shows the genotypes of the offspring of a shaggy fur animal and a short fur animal. What were the genotypes of the parents?

a)

FF and FF

b)

Ff and ff

c)

ff and ff

d)

Ff and Ff

39.

In plants, tall (T) is dominant to short (t). Perform the following cross: Tt x Tt. What is the probability of producing a short plant?

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

40.
What ratio of the offspring from the cross shown will be homozygous recessive for the trait of tallness? 
a)
0 in 4
b)
1 in 4
c)
2 in 4
d)
4 in 4
41.

If a black guinea pig (BB) and a white guinea pig (bb) mate, there is a ______ chance that a white guinea pig will be born.

a)

0%

b)

25%

c)

50%

d)

75%

e)

100%

42.
Knowing how to read a book is an example of
a)
a physical trait
b)
an inherited behavior
c)
a learned behavior 
d)
an inherited trait
43.
A mother dog and her puppy both have curly fur. Which best explains this?
a)
in dogs, curly fur is more common than straight fur
b)
in dogs, curly fur is an acquired trait
c)
the mother dog acquired curly fur and passed on that trait to her puppy
d)
the mother dog inherited curly fur and passed on that trait to her puppy
44.
In a population of cardinals, all the birds have short beaks. Their short beaks are an example of
a)
a learned behavior 
b)
an inherited trait
c)
an acquired trait
d)
an inherited behavior 
45.
Which of the following is an acquired trait?
a)
blue eyes
b)
a good sense of smell
c)
a chipped tooth
d)
yellow flowers 
46.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
47.
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. How many of the females have the hemophilia trait?
a)
8
b)
5
c)
2
d)
3
48.
What do half colored symbols represent?
a)
The individual is a carrier (heterozygous).
b)
The individual expresses the trait.
c)
The individual has both recessive alleles.
d)
The individual has both dominant alleles.
49.
What does an open circle represent?
a)
Not Affected Male
b)
Not Affected Female
c)
Affected Male
d)
Affected Female
50.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
51.
In the second generation-how many people are carriers of the trait?
a)
2
b)
3
c)
5
d)
6
52.
Which change below would result in a different Amino Acid? 
3'-GCT-5'
a)
GTT
b)
TCT
c)
TCC
d)
GCA
53.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-C-C-A-A
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Deletion
c)
Base Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
54.
What type of gene mutation has occurred here? Normal-
AGA-TTC-ATA-GCG
Mutant-
AGA-TTC-AAT-AGC-G
a)
deletion frameshift
b)
insertion frameshift
c)
substitution
d)
nonsense
55.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Base Substitution
b)
Base Insertion
c)
Base Inversion
d)
Translocation
56.
A mutation that does NOT show up through protein function is called
a)
deletion mutation
b)
inversion mutation
c)
silent mutation
d)
transverse mutation
57.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
58.
A nonsense mutation produced _________.
a)
A same polypeptide chain
b)
A slightly altered polypeptide chain
c)
A shift in the reading frame
d)
The regulatory sequence being altered.
59.
A base pair substitution can result in all of the following except __________.
a)
Missense mutation
b)
Frameshift Mutation
c)
Silent Mutation
d)
Nonsense mutation
60.
What kind of mutation is the result of an insertion?
a)
Silent Mutation
b)
Missense mutation
c)
Nonsense mutation
d)
Frameshift mutation
61.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
62.
What is the correct mRNA strand from this DNA?
CAC-GTG-ACA-GCG
a)
GTG-CAC-TGT-CGC
b)
CAC-GUG-ACA-GCG
c)
GUG-CAC-UGU-CGC
63.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
64.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of adenine present is always equal to the amount of _________.
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
65.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
66.
What are the three components of a nucleotide?
a)
sugar, hydrogen, nitrogen base
b)
sugar, oxygen, nitrogen base
c)
sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base
d)
sugar, phosphate, protein
67.

What is the correct order to make a protein?

a)

Protein, DNA, RNA

b)

RNA, DNA, Protein

c)

DNA, RNA, Protein

d)

Protein, RNA, DNA

68.
How would the DNA sequence GCTATA be transcribed to mRNA?
a)
GCUAUA
b)
CGATAT
c)
CGAUAU
d)
GCUTUT
69.

Transcribe the following DNA sequence into RNA: (Hint! Remember that RNA has U instead of T!)


AAT TAG GGC TCG

a)

AAT TAG GGC TCG

b)

TTA ATC CCG AGC

c)

UUA AUC CCG AGC

d)

TTU UTC CCG UGC

70.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
71.
The two strands of DNA are held together by:
a)
Hydrogen Bonds
b)
Phosphodiester Bonds
c)
Glycolsyl Bonds
d)
Glycosidic Linkages
72.
Who is responsible for producing this image?
a)
Francis Crick
b)
James Watson
c)
Rosalind Franklin
d)
Watson and Crick
73.
Who was responsible for the model shown?
a)
Oswald Avery
b)
Watson and Crick
c)
Erwin Chargaff
d)
Rosalind Franklin
74.

The number of human chromosomes is

a)

23

b)

46

c)

92

d)

64

75.
Which statement about DNA is true?
a)
Different people can have the same copy of DNA in their cells.
b)
DNA is made up of genes that carry hereditary information.
c)
DNA controls the genotype but not the phenotype of an organism.
d)
DNA controls the genotype only in the second and third generations.
Question
76.
Why are your chromosomes arranged in pairs?
a)
Scientists have no idea
b)
Because you get one from your mom and one from your dad
c)
Because pairs can divide easier
d)
Because DNA is awesome
77.

From smallest to largest how would genetic information be organized?

a)

genes, cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA

b)

chromosome, cell, gene, DNA, nucleus

c)

DNA, gene, chromosome, nucleus, cell

d)

nucleus, cell, gene, DNA, chromosome

78.

Which of the following is correct?

a)

Nucleotide triplets code a single amino acid.

b)

Each amino acid codes a nucleotide.

c)

Each nucleotide codes an amino acid.

d)

Amino acid triplets code a single nucleotide.

79.

Translation is a process where:

a)

a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of rRNA codons.

b)

a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of tRNA codons.

c)

a polypeptide sequence is produced from a sequence of mRNA codons.

d)

a DNA nucleotide sequence is used to produce mRNA codon sequence.

80.

Epigenetics modulates genetic expression:

a)

differently in each cell in the body.

b)

by altering the genome.

c)

in response to only intracellular processes.

d)

consistently throughout an individual's life.

81.

Monozygotic twins can look different to one another because:

a)

they have different genetic material from the mother but the same genetic material from the father.

b)

they have different genetic material from the father but the same genetic material from the mother.

c)

the environment is determinative of phenotype.

d)

a mutation has occurred in one twin during embryonic development.

82.

DNA methylation patterns are generally:

a)

predictable

b)

substantially altered when an individual smokes.

c)

inherited from the parents.

d)

set early in embryonic development.

83.

The homeobox gene is highly conserved. This shows that:

a)

it is a sequence that is unlikely to mutate.

b)

its role in gene expression is vital to survival.

c)

it is coded for in several places.

d)

it is very powerful; therefore maintained by evolution.

84.

Gene regulation occurs:

a)

only in some cells.

b)

when the variability within the genetic code is insufficiently adaptive for the individual to survive in its environment.

c)

constantly, in all known life forms.

d)

during embryonic development.

85.

The SRY gene codes for a transcription factor which:

a)

begins the process that turns a female foetus into a male foetus.

b)

ensures that development begins as a female foetus.

c)

ensures that development begins as a male foetus.

d)

begins the process that turns a male foetus into a female foetus.

86.

What part of a eukaryotic gene often has a TATA box?

a)

primer

b)

promoter

c)

signal peptide

d)

terminator

87.

Which number represents a tRNA in the P site?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

88.

What is the non-coding portion of the mRNA transcript that is removed during processing?

a)

intron

b)

exon

c)

5'cap

d)

poly-A tail

89.

What is added to the 5' end of an mRNA transcript?

a)

a modified guanine nucleotide

b)

a series of adenine nucleotides

c)

intron

d)

exon

90.

Which number represents the 1st level of organization of a protein?

a)

1

b)

3

c)

5

d)

7

91.
Which sentence is FALSE?
a)
All organisms have 23 pairs of DNA.
b)
Chromosomes are made of genes.
c)
DNA is made out of 4 chemicals: adenine, cytosine, thymine, guanine
d)
DNA is the recipe for life.

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