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Biomolecules-Carbs, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids

Total questions: 138

Worksheet time: 2hrs 27mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What atoms make up all carbohydrates?
a)
Carbon, Sulfur, Hydrogen
b)
Carbon, Oxygen, Phosphorus
c)
Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen
d)
Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen
2.
How many sugar units make up monosaccharides?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
zero
3.
How many sugar units make up disaccharides?
a)
one
b)
two
c)
three
d)
zero
4.
Which do all carbohydrates do for us?
a)
provide energy
b)
make muscle
c)
make brains
d)
make hair
5.
What molecule is this
a)
sucrose
b)
protein
c)
glucose
d)
cellulose
6.
What type of carbohydrate is this?
a)
polysaccharide
b)
disaccharide
c)
monosaccharide
d)
it isn't a carbohydrate
7.
All carbohydrate names end with which ending:
a)
ise
b)
ase
c)
ese
d)
ose
8.
Which of these are examples of carbohydrates?
a)
DNA, RNA
b)
Fats, hormones
c)
amino acids
d)
starches, glucose, chitin
9.
These are all properties of a disaccharide EXCEPT:
a)
made up of two sugars
b)
sucrose
c)
2 monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis
d)
ratio of 1:2:1
10.
How many categories of carbohydrates are there? 
a)
1
b)

2

c)
3
d)
There are no categories
11.
These are all properties of a monosaccharide EXCEPT:
a)
simple sugar
b)
1:2:1 ratio
c)
double sugar
d)
used for energy
12.
C6H12O6 is the molecular formula for what carbohydrate?
a)
Sucrose
b)
Glucose
c)
Fructose
d)
Both glucose and fructose
13.
What type of carbohydrate is this?
a)
polysaccharide
b)
disaccharide
c)
monosaccharide
d)
it isn't a carbohydrate
14.
Some carbohydrate foods are ________
a)
fruits
b)
grains
c)
vegetables
d)
all the above
15.
_____________ carbohydrates come from sugar. They do not supply many nutrients.
a)
complex
b)
optional
c)
simple
d)
loaded
16.
An example of a simple carbohydrate could be ________________.
a)
bread
b)
oatmeal
c)
cupcake
d)
pasta
17.
The simple sugar from fruit is called_____.
a)
sucrose
b)
lactose
c)
fructose
d)
maltose
18.
The simple sugar in milk is ________.
a)
lactose
b)
maltose
c)
sucrose
d)
fructose
19.
______________ carbohydrates supply longer lasting energy.
a)
simple
b)
complex
c)
generic
20.
Sucrose (table sugar)
Lactose (Milk Sugar)
Maltose (Grain sugar) 
are examples of 
a)
polysaccharides 
b)
monosaccarides 
c)
disaccharides
21.
Examples are starch, glycogen, and cellulose
a)
polysaccharides 
b)
monosaccarides 
c)
disaccharides
22.
The scientific name for table sugar is ___
a)
lactose
b)
sucrose
c)
galactose
d)
glucose
23.
Which health problems is a consequence of eating too much added sugar? 
a)
overweight
b)
heart disease
c)
diabetes
d)
all of the above
24.
Important to the structural integrity of plant cells, this is the single most popular polysaccharide in the world.
a)
Starch
b)
Glycogen
c)
Cellulose
d)
Chitin
25.
what is the storage(s) form of carbohydrate found in mammals?
a)
Glucose and glycogen
b)
Glycogen
c)
starch
d)
Fiber and glycogen
26.
If you string together 8 glucoses, how many water molecules will come out?
a)
1
b)
4
c)
7
d)
8
27.
What might happen if you didn't get enough carbohydrates?
a)
Your body wouldn't be able to build muscle mass
b)
Your body wouldn't have enough energy to function
c)
You would develop serious vitamin deficiencies
d)
Your bones and teeth would become weaker
28.
How is fiber different from most other foods you eat?
a)
It doesn't contain any sugars at all
b)
Consuming it robs your body of nutrients
c)
Your body can't digest it
d)
It contains elements of all the major food groups
29.
Which food contains the most starch?
a)
pasta
b)
broccoli
c)
table sugar
d)
steak
30.
Your body breaks down most complex carbohydrates into:
a)
fructose
b)
sucrose
c)
glucose
d)
starch
31.

What is the role of fiber in our body (check all that apply)

a)

Help to keep us feeling full

b)

Help to move waste through the digestive system

c)

Help to provide a healthy form of energy

d)

Helps to repair muscle and body tissue

e)

Helps to transport vitamins through our body

32.
Which of these is a lipid?
a)
triglycerides
b)
steroids
c)
fatty acids
d)
all of the above
33.
Lipids are found in every cell on Earth. Which part of the cell do lipids make up?
a)
cell nucleus
b)
cell vacuole
c)
cell membrane
d)
cell golgi body
34.
These are the monomers (building blocks) of lipids?
a)
nucleotides
b)
amino acids
c)
disaccharides
d)
fatty acids
35.
Which specific lipid has the following characteristics:
1. Makes up the cell membrane
2. Has a polar, hydrophilic head
3. Has 2 non-polar, hydrophobic tails
a)
waxes
b)
phospholipids
c)
steroids
d)
triglycerides
36.
What does hydrophobic mean?
a)
the fear of water
b)
the fear of hydrogen
c)
the love of water
d)
the love of hydrogen
37.
This picture shows what type of lipid?
a)
unsaturated fat
b)
wax
c)
saturated fat
d)
steroid
38.
A "kinky structure" due to the double bonds between carbon atoms creates a lipid known as what?
a)
saturated fat
b)
wax
c)
steroid
d)
unsaturated fat
39.
The following are characteristics and functions of waxes EXCEPT:
a)
solid at room temperature
b)
water proof
c)
low melting point
d)
forms a protective covering to prevent water loss
40.
How do lipids function for cells?
a)
store information
b)
store energy
c)
breakdown wastes
d)
join with substrates
41.
Which of the following molecules make up the basic structure of a cell membrane?
a)
waxes
b)
steroids
c)
fatty acids
d)
phospholipids
42.
What are different examples of lipids?
a)
monosaccahrides, disaccharides, starch, cellulose
b)
dipetide, polypeptide, amino acids
c)
DNA, RNA, ATP
d)
triglycerides, waxes, steroids, phospholipds
43.
Which of the following is a lipid?
a)
cholesterol
b)
cellulose
c)
glucose
d)
protein
44.
Saturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
a)
liquid
b)
gases
c)
plasma
d)
solid
45.
The characteristic that all lipids have in common is----
a)
made of lots of double bonds
b)
acidic when mixed with water
c)
no high energy content
d)
do not dissolve in water
46.
Unsaturated fats are __________ at room temperature.
a)
liquids
b)
solids
c)
toxic
d)
saturated
47.
What type of lipid is this?
a)
steroid
b)
cholesterol
c)
phospholipid
d)
triglyceride
48.
Saturated fats have _______________
a)
straight structure
b)
single bonds
c)
solidity at room temperature
d)
all of the above
49.
Unsaturated fats have _______________
a)
bent structure
b)
double bonds
c)
liqudity at room temperature
d)
all of the above
50.
All of the following are lipids except __________
a)
ear wax
b)
saturated fats
c)
cholesterol
d)
starch
51.
Lipids differ from most other larger biomolecules in that they
a)
Are hydrophillic
b)
Are hydrophobic
c)
Do not have specific shapes
d)
Do not contain carbon
52.
Which of these is not a function of lipids?
a)
Quick energy
b)
Sturctural components in cell membranes
c)
Waterproofing
d)
Long term energy storage
53.

Lipids are composed of which atoms?

a)

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

b)

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon

c)

Oxygen, Nitrogen, Carbon

d)

Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen

54.

What is the difference between a saturated fat and an unsaturated fat?

a)

Saturated fat is solid at room temperature and unsaturated fat is liquid at room temperature

b)

Saturated fat has a single bond and unsaturated fat has a double bond

c)

Saturated fats are bad for you and unsaturated fats are better for you.

d)

All of the above

55.

True or False: Lipids are insoluble

a)

True

b)

False

56.

Which diagram is a triglyceride?

a)
b)
c)
d)
57.
What are two main functions of fats within the body?
a)
energy storage and cellular transport
b)
energy storage and insulation
c)
building blocks for DNA and hormones
d)
storing cellular information and in the cell membrane
58.
Testosterone and estrogen are types of...
a)
Waxes
b)
Steroids
c)
Cholesterol
d)
Carbohydrates
59.
Butter is a/an...
a)
Saturated fat
b)
Unsaturated fat
c)
Trans-fat
d)
Saturated protein
60.
Hydrophilic compounds are...
a)
Attracted to water
b)
Repel water
c)
Don't exist
61.
This picture shows a phospholipid. What part is hydrophobic, the head (red) or the tail (black)?
a)
Head
b)
Tail
c)
It's all hydrophobic
d)
None of it is hydrophobic
62.
The last fatty acid on this triglyceride molecule has a double bond. That makes that particular fatty acid...
a)
Saturated
b)
Unsaturated
63.
How come having excess cholesterol in our arteries is not desirable?
a)
having excess cholesterol makes us weigh more 
b)
It is desirable to have excess cholesterol in your arteries 
c)
Can block blood flow and lead to heart disease 
64.

The tails of phospholipids are

a)

Hydrophilic

b)

Hydrophobic

65.
What is a protein: 
a)
A polymer composed of many sugars.
b)
A polymer composed of many amino acids. 
c)
A polymer composed of fatty acids. 
d)
A polymer composed of nucleotides. 
66.
What is a peptide bond?
a)
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
b)
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
c)
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
d)
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
67.
How many different amino acids are there?
a)
15
b)
20
c)
25
d)
30
68.
Enyzmes are a very important type of protein used to
a)
Build bones in skeleton
b)
Send hormonal signals throughout body
c)
Speed up chemical reactions
d)
Photosynthesize glucose in plants
69.
This is one job proteins do NOT have in the body
a)
storing genetic information
b)
structure
c)
speed up chemical reactions
d)
transport things through cell membrane
70.
What is the monomer of proteins?
a)
amino acids
b)
polypeptides
c)
nucleotides
d)
monosaccharides
71.
Which analogy best describes the role enzymes play in cells?
a)
Like walls in buildings, enzymes provide structural support for the cell
b)
Like the person who helps you bag your groceries, enzymes speed up processes in cells
c)
Like books in libraries, enzymes store information that can be used by the cell when needed
d)
Like the fence around a yard, enzymes act as a barrier preventing entry to the cell.
72.
Each amino acid is different from the other due to....
a)
The R group
b)
The amino group
c)
The carboxyl group
d)
The central carbon
73.
Cells must produce many different enzymes because
a)
enzymes are quickly used up
b)
most cellular reactions require a specific, unique enzyme
c)
They have to have some way to use up the protein that they consume
d)
enzymes are not very effective at speeding up reactions
74.
Enzymes are...
a)
Proteins
b)
Nucleic Acids
c)
Sugars
d)
Lipids
75.
What elements make up amino acids?
a)
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only
b)
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen only
c)
Carbon, hydrogen and phosphorus only
d)
Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen; and sometimes also sulfur
76.

Which colored box highlights the amino group?

a)

Blue (left)

b)

Turquoise (top)

c)

Orange

d)

Red

e)

Purple

77.

Which colored box is different for every amino acid?

a)

Blue (left)

b)

Turquoise (top)

c)

Orange

d)

Red

e)

Purple

78.

Which colored box highlights the carboxyl?

a)

Blue (left)

b)

Turquoise (top)

c)

Orange

d)

Red

e)

Purple

79.

What is a long chain of amino acids called?

a)

Polysaccharide

b)

Lipid

c)

Carbohydrate

d)

Polypeptide

e)

Nucleic acid

80.

Which statement about enzymes is FALSE?

a)

They are made from amino acids

b)

They can be used multiple times

c)

They lower the energy needed for reactions

d)

A single enzyme has many different functions

81.

What happens when an enzyme is placed outside it's normal environment?

a)

It functions normally

b)

It functions better

c)

It's function ceases

82.

Which protein transports oxygen through the bloodstream and carbon dioxide out of the bloodstream.

a)

Hemoglobin

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Actin

d)

Gluten

83.

Which of the following is not an enzyme?

a)

Maltase

b)

Maltose

c)

Lactase

d)

Sucrase

84.

The main job of antibodies is to

a)

Transport hormones

b)

Metabolize sugars

c)

Store essential amino acids

d)

Counteract pathogens

85.

All proteins

a)

have a unique structure that determines their unique function.

b)

are exactly the same in function but different in structure.

c)

are exactly the same in structure but different in function.

d)

are enzymes.

86.

The order of amino acids determines the ______ and ultimately the function of a protein.

a)

shape

b)

color

c)

flavor

d)

texture

87.

Enzymes are ________ that act as ________.

a)

proteins, catalysts

b)

amino acids, proteins

c)

proteins, amino acids

d)

catalysts, carbohydrates

88.

Identify the enzyme in the diagram.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

89.

Identify the substrate in the diagram.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

90.

Identify the active site in the diagram.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

91.

What does D represent in the diagram.

a)

product

b)

reactant

c)

substrate

d)

activation energy

92.

What is the main function of protein in the body?

a)

Is the main source of energy for the body

b)

Helps to build and repair body tissue

c)

Provide warmth and cushioning to the body's organs

d)

Helps to transport vitamins through the body

e)

All of the above are roles of protein in the body

93.
What kinds of food can you get protein from in your diet?
a)
Eggs
b)
Meat and Fish
c)
Nuts and Legumes
d)
All of the above
94.

What structural protein makes up hair, nails, skin, feathers, beaks, hooves, horns and fur?

a)

elastin

b)

collagen

c)

keratin

d)

hemoglobin

95.

Which proteins give structure to skin, tendons, and ligaments?

a)

collagen & elastin

b)

activation energy

c)

nucleotides and lipids

d)

water and hemoglobin

96.

Tendons

a)

connect bone to bone

b)

connect muscle to bone

c)

connect hair to plants

d)

are enzymes

97.

Ligaments

a)

connect bone to bone

b)

connect muscle to bone

c)

connect hair to plants

d)

are enzymes

98.

Most enzyme names end in which 3 letters?

a)

-ase

b)

-ate

c)

-ose

d)

-ion

99.

Which of the following foods are high in protein? Check all that apply

a)

fish

b)

milk & cheese

c)

meat (chicken, beef, pork, etc)

d)

candy

e)

eggs

100.

What is an element found in amino acids and proteins but NOT typically found in carbohydrates or fats?

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Peptide bond

d)

Polypeptide

101.

Amino acids are classified based on their _______.

a)

amino group

b)

carboxyl group

c)

central carbon

d)

variable side chain

102.

What part of the amino acid is circled?

a)

amino group

b)

carboxyl group

c)

central carbon

d)

variable side chain

103.

What part of the amino acid is circled?

a)

amino group

b)

carboxyl group

c)

central carbon

d)

variable side chain

104.
DNA and RNA are examples of...
a)
proteins
b)
nucleic acids
c)
carbohydrates
d)
lipids
105.
What is the function of nucleic acids?
a)
Stores energy
b)
Stores genetic information
c)
Movement
d)
Physical structure
106.
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
a)
Glycerol
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Nucleotides
107.
RNA contains the sugar...
a)
Deoxyribose
b)
Glucose
c)
Ribose
d)
Lipids
108.
Which macromolecule is shown?
a)
lipid
b)
protein
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
109.
Which of the following elements does a Nucleic Acid have that a Carbohydrate and Lipid do not?
a)
Carbon
b)
Oxygen
c)
Hydrogen
d)
Nitrogen
110.
From the nucleotide on the right, which part is labeled 2?
a)
Sugar
b)
Phosphate
c)
Nitrogenous Base
d)
Phosphorous
111.
What pentose sugar does DNA use?
a)
Ribose
b)
Sucrose
c)
Amylose
d)
Deoxyribose
112.
Guanine is complementary to what other nitrogenous base?
a)
Cytosine
b)
Adenine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
113.
If a cell has 20% Adenine in it, what % of Cytosine must it have?
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
30%
d)
80%
114.
Complementary Bases are held together by what type of bond?
a)
Covalent
b)
Hydrogen
c)
Ionic
d)
Mettalic
115.
If one series of bases reads: TTGACTAGG, then the complementary set of bases would read:
a)
TTGACTAGG
b)
AACTGATCC
c)
AATCGAACTT
d)
AAGTCATCC
116.
When coiled together, DNA looks like a:
a)
Single Helix
b)
Double Helix
c)
Triple Helix
d)
Broken Ladder
117.
The backbone of DNA is made up of _______ & ________ units. 
a)
sugar & base
b)
sugar & phosphate
c)
base & phosphate
d)
phosphate & phosphate
118.

Which of the following is NOT part of a nucleotide?

a)

Nitrogenous Base

b)

Phosphate Group

c)

Pentose Sugar

d)

Fatty Acid

119.

What sugar is found in DNA?

a)

Glucose

b)

Ribose

c)

Deoxyribose

d)

Fructose

120.

Which base is ONLY found in DNA?

a)

Cytosine

b)

Guanine

c)

Thymine

d)

Adenine

121.

What is used by cells for energy?

a)

DNA

b)

ATP

c)

RNA

d)

ADP

122.

Which base is only found in RNA?

a)

Uracil

b)

Thymine

c)

Adenine

d)

Guanine

123.

How many phosphate groups are found in a molecule of ATP?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

124.

What is stored in the chemical bonds of ATP?

a)

Sugar

b)

Neutrons

c)

Energy

d)

Protein

125.

What happens when the end phosphate is broken off a molecule of ATP?

a)

Energy is stored

b)

Energy is released

c)

Neutrons are stored

d)

Neutrons are released

126.

What is produced when the last phosphate group is removed from ATP?

a)

DNA

b)

ADP and phosphate

c)

RNA

d)

Amino Acids and Peptide bonds

127.

The image shown is of

a)

DNA

b)

RNA

c)

Fatty Acids

d)

ATP

128.

What is A?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Pentose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous Base

d)

Adenosine Triphosphate

129.

What is B?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Pentose Sugar

c)

Nitrogenous Base

d)

Adenosine Triphosphate

130.

What is C?

a)

Phosphate Group

b)

Pentose Sugar

c)

Adenosine Triphosphate

d)

Nitrogenous Base

131.

What molecule is shown here?

a)

Peptide

b)

Amino Acid

c)

Nucleotide

d)

Carbohydrate

132.
Which of the following elements make up nucleic acids?
a)
C, H, O
b)
C, H, O, N
c)
C, H, O, N, P
d)
C, H, O, Ca, S
133.
Which is the correct pairing?
a)
A-C
b)
A-T
c)
A-G
134.
The three elements that make up most of all 4 types of macromolecules
a)
Water, Oxygen, & Hydrogen
b)
Carbon, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
c)
Nitrogen, Hydrogen, & Oxygen
d)
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, & Sulfur
135.
Which is the correct pairing?
a)
T-C
b)
G-T
c)
G-C
136.
Which nucleic acid only exists in the nucleus?
a)
mRNA
b)
DNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA
137.
Which nucleic acid carries messages to ribosomes?
a)
mRNA
b)
DNA
c)
tRNA
d)
rRNA
138.
If you have 40 adenine in a DNA molecule, how many thymine can you expect?
a)
20
b)
30
c)
40
d)
50

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