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Natural disasters: patterns, forces, protection (review)

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 45mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which natural disaster causes most of its damage due to shaking?

a)

tornadoes

b)

tsunamis

c)

hurricanes

d)

earthquakes

2.

What is the area of the world called where most of the world's volcanoes and earthquakes occur?

a)

Volcano Ring

b)

Ring of Fire

c)

Tsunami Circle

3.

What does this map show?

a)

There are no predictable patterns to earthquakes.

b)

Earthquakes start fires all around the world.

c)

There is a pattern to global earthquakes.

4.

According to this map, which part of the United States receives the most earthquakes?

a)

northern

b)

eastern

c)

southern

d)

western

5.

Melted rock under Earth's surface is called________. In some places, this magma rises to the surface and breaks through during volcanic eruptions. Once magma reaches the surface, it is called__________.

a)

lava, lava

b)

magma, lava

c)

lava, magma

d)

magma, magma

6.
What is a break in the rock layers called?
a)
Earthquake
b)
Epicenter
c)
Fault
d)
Focus
7.
In this image we have magma rising to the surface and exiting in small amounts. A volcanic mountain has not  yet formed. What do we call this?
a)
Hot Spot
b)
Volcano
c)
Fault-Block
8.

Which type of wave is the first to arrive after an earthquake occurs?

a)

P Wave

b)

Rayleigh Wave

c)

S Wave

9.

These waves move along Earth's surface & cause the most damage

a)

Surface waves

b)

Primary waves

c)

Secondary waves

d)

D waves

10.

In these faults, blocks of rock move sideways on either side of the fault plane

a)

Reverse faults

b)

Convergent boundary

c)

Normal faults

d)

Strike-slip faults

11.

In these faults, the block of rock above the fault plane slides down relative to the other block

a)

Normal fault

b)

Reverse fault

c)

Backwards fault

d)

Strike-slip fault

12.

Along these faults, the block of rock above the fault plane moves up relative to the other block

a)

Reverse fault

b)

Normal fault

c)

Upside down fault

d)

Strike-slip fault

13.

The 2nd seismic waves to arrive at any particular location after an earthquake, also called S waves

a)

Surface waves

b)

Primary waves

c)

Secondary waves

d)

Tidal waves

14.
Scientists can predict when an earthquake will occur.
a)
True
b)
False
15.

How can earthquake damage be reduced? ___________________

a)

by building base isolated buildings

b)

by reinforcing building walls

c)

by anchoring buildings to solid rock

d)

all of the above

16.
What type of force is found at a transform boundary?
a)
compression
b)
shearing 
c)
tension
d)
none
17.
What type of force would you find at a convergent boundary?
a)
compression
b)
shearing
c)
tension
d)
none
18.

As a safety measure, engineers have developed new technologies to make sure that buildings will ________

a)

fall more slowly.

b)

collapse instead of explode.

c)

bend instead of break.

d)

crumble and fall straight down.

19.
The Hawaiian Islands are examples of ___.
a)
a chain of volcanoes
b)
a chain of earthquakes
c)
the Pacific Ocean basin
d)
a transform boundary
20.
Volcanoes are __ in that they add new rock to existing land and form new islands.
a)
constructive
b)
destructive
c)
instructive
d)
specific
21.
Volcanoes along converging oceanic plate boundaries may form ___.
a)
a volcanic island arc
b)
a part of the mid-ocean ridge
c)
shearing forces
d)
a hot spot
22.
Local effects of volcanoes would include all of the following EXCEPT _.
a)
property damage
b)
landslides
c)
changes in climate
d)
injury
23.
Global effects of volcanoes would include all of the following EXCEPT ___.
a)
personal injury
b)
tsunami
c)
acid rain effects
d)
changes in climate
24.
The volcano is going to erupt soon. 
This statement is a(n)
a)
qualitative observation
b)
inference
c)
prediction
d)
quantitative observation
25.
The mountain is making rumbling noises. The above statement is a(n) __.
a)
quantitative observation
b)
qualitative observation
c)
inference
d)
prediction
26.

In which type of fault does one wall move up over the edge of the opposite wall.

a)

Normal fault

b)

Reverse fault

c)

Strike-Slip Fault

d)

None of these

27.
A large earthquake near a city would most likely cause which change?
a)
Unusual weather patterns.
b)
Formation of harmful gases.
c)
Damage to roads.
d)
Addition to useful minerals.
28.
Some maps show the locations of earthquake faults.  Who is most likely to use this information?
a)
A climber who wants to know where the tallest mountains are.
b)
A family who wants to know where it is safe to build a house.
c)
Students who want to know where they can play a soccer game.
d)
Neighbors who want to know when an earthquake will occur.
29.
Which range of magnitudes describes most of these major earthquakes?
a)
6.0-7.0
b)
7.0-8.0
c)
8.0-9.0
d)
9.0-10.0
30.

Earthquakes occur __________.

a)

only near tectonic plate boundaries

b)

along any fracture in the Earth's crust, near or far from plate boundaries

c)

only along faults distant from plate boundaries

d)

only underneath continental crust

31.

Which type of stress forms a reverse fault?

a)

Shearing

b)

Compression

c)

Tension

32.
Which most likely causes earthquakes?
a)
plates slipping 
b)
a hurricane 
c)
water weathering rocks
d)
tidal stresses caused by the moon
33.

Rank the seismic waves in order of appearance when an earthquake first occurs as measured by a seismograph.

a)

S waves, P waves, then surface waves

b)

P waves, S waves, then surface waves

c)

S and P waves at the same time, then surface waves

d)

Surface waves, then S and P waves at the same time

34.
Geologists have long recognized that earthquakes are not randomly distributed on Earth but occur in concentrated areas that coincide with __________ and provide evidence for the theory of ___________ .
a)
mountain ranges; fault zones.
b)
continental borders; supercontinents.
c)
plate boundaries; plate tectonics
d)
areas of liquid magma; sea floor spreading.
35.
Can volcanic eruptions effect climate?
a)
yes 
b)
no
36.
An earthquake of 3.0 would do this.
a)
Complete destruction
b)
Some damage
c)
No damage, just shaking
d)
Earthquakes can't be 3.0
37.
An earthquake of 8.5 or higher would do this.
a)
No damage
b)
Minor damage
c)
Major damage
d)
Can't be detected
38.
Which statement best describes plate motion during the time between earthquakes?
a)
motion stops and tension decreases
b)
motion continues and tension increases
c)
motion stops and the mantle moves
d)
motion reverses and plates return to original position
39.

Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks is called ______________

a)

fault

b)

compression

c)

shearing

d)

tension

40.

Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle is called __________________

a)

tension

b)

stress

c)

dormat

d)

fault

41.

Stress that pushes masses of rock in opposite directions, in a sideways movement is called __________________

a)

compression

b)

fault

c)

tension

d)

shearing

42.

There are 3 types of stress:

a)

normal, compression, & shearing

b)

reverse, strike-slip, & normal

c)

reverse, shearing, & compression

d)

shearing, compression, tension

43.

There are 3 types of faults:

a)

normal, reverse, & tension

b)

normal, reverse, & compression

c)

normal, reverse, & strike-slip

d)

normal, reverse, shearing

44.

____________________ are vibrations that travel through Earth carrying energy released by various processes.

a)

seismic waves

b)

tension waves

c)

stress waves

d)

compression waves

45.

Why is it beneficial to be able to predict when and where natural hazards will occur as much as possible?

a)

Communities can be notified to evacuate

b)

So that we can stop them from happening again

c)

So that scientists know where to go in order to study them

d)

So that we can harness their power for renewable energy

46.

How have humans learned to live and survive in areas where natural hazards occur?

a)

They have adapted buildings and structures to withstand the hazard.

b)

They have put up large walls to keep the hazard out.

c)

They use more renewable energy to reduce how severe the hazards are.

d)

They don't really care and just live there anyway.

47.

Which of these natural disasters happen on these plate boundaries?

a)

earthquakes

b)

volcanos

c)

both of these

d)

none of these

48.

We cannot predict the exact moment a natural disaster will occur, but we do know...

a)

what day they will happen on

b)

how big the natural disaster will be

c)

where the natural disaster is likely to occur

d)

how many people will be killed in the natural disaster

49.

Locations of natural disasters like volcanoes and earthquakes can be described as...

a)

forming in a pattern

b)

forming randomly on Earth

c)

Only found in the ocean

d)

Only found in South America

50.

Kahuliu, Hawaii is 15 miles from the nearest volcano. If that volcano erupted, lava would not reach the town. However, the citizens should still protect themselves against _____ from the volcano.

a)

magma

b)

storms

c)

falling ash

d)

flooding

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