What is the pair of erectile tissues?

What structure of the testis is this?

What is the epithelium present in the Vas Deference?

Which picture shows the Vas Deference?

Which picture shows the male urethra?

What tissue surrounds the urethra in the penis?

What is the shape of the left adrenal gland?

What is the shape of the right adrenal gland?

What region of the adrenal gland is larger by weight?

What embryonic tissue is the adrenal cortex derived from?

What embryonic tissue is the adrenal medulla derived from?

What is the primary secretory product of the adrenal cortex?

What is the primary secretory product of the adrenal gland?

What are the three hormone classes secreted by the adrenal cortex?

What is a mineralcorticoid produced by the zona glomerulosa?

What are the two main functions of aldosterone?

What are glucocorticoids produced by the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis of the adrenal cortex?

What gonadocorticoid is produced by the zona reticularis and zona fasciculata cells?

What two hormones are produced by the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla?

What are the three major arteries that supply the adrenal gland?

What blood supply is shared in the medulla of the adrenal gland?

Where are the two places the lymphatics of the adrenal gland located?

What is the main cell type in the medulla of the adrenal gland?

What product from the cortex of the adrenal gland converts norepinephrine to epinephrine in the chromaffin cells?

What cells in the medulla of the adrenal gland have axons that extend to the cortex to modulate secretory activity and innervate vessels and axons that extend outside the adrenal gland to abdominal organs?

What are the three zones of the adrenal cortex?

What percentage of the adrenal cortex does the zona glomerulosa occupy?

What percentage of the adrenal cortex does the zona reticularis occupy?

What percentage of the adrenal cortex does the zona fasciculata occupy?

What product is aldosterone produced from?

What four sites does aldosterone cause reabsorption of sodium?

What cells in the kidney are responsible for releasing renin?

What are the steps in the renin-angiotensin aldosterone feedback mechanism?

What common medication is used to treat essential hypertension?

What is the name for the first menstrual period of a female in puberty?

How long is the average menstrual cycle?

What is the average age range of onset of menopause?

What is the name for the gametogenesis in females?

What is the name for the developing gamete in females?

What is the name for the mature gamete in females?

What are the two primary hormones involved in steroidogenesis in females?

What are the three functions of estrogen in the female reproductive system?

What two functions does progesterone have in the female reproductive system?

What are the three attachments of the ovary?

What would you expect the surface of the ovary to be in a female in puberty?

What would you expect the surface of the ovary to be in a middle aged woman?

What are the two distinct regions of the ovary?

What part of the ovary would blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves most likely to be found?

What type of cells is typically found in the germinal epithelium of ovary?

From what component of the ovary do most malignancies arise from?

What percentage of ovarian tumors arise in the epithelial surface?

What is the name for the dense connective tissue layer that lies between the germinal epithelium and the cortex of the ovary?

When does the first ovulation occur in menstruating females?

What are the three major stages of follicle development in an ovary based on morphology?

At what month do primordial follicles start appearing in development?

Where in the mature ovary are the primordial follicles found?

What body is seen in primordial follicles of the ovary that represent an accumulation of Golgi membranes, ER, centrioles, mitochondria, and lysosomes?

What is the name of the form extracellular coat found between the oocyte and follicle cells that secrete proteins?

What is the secondary spermatozoa-binding protein produced by the zona pellucida?

What is the name for follicle cells in the stratum granulosum?

What is the name of the connective tissue cells or sheath that form the thecal layers of the primary follicle?

What component of the thecal folliculi possess LH hormone receptors and secrete androgens that are precursors to estrogen?

What three factors are required for an oocyte and follicular growth?

What is the name for a thickened mound of granulosa cells associated with the oocyte which projects into the antrum of a mature Graafian follicle?

What is the name for the cells of the cumulus oophorus that immediately surround the oocyte and remain during ovulation?

What bodies may be seen between the granulosa cells that are PAS positive and are secreted by the granulosa cells?

What morphologic changes does a mature Graafian follicle undergo to prepare for ovulation?

When does the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte occur after a LH surge?

Which cells in the ovary go through a luteinization and produce progesterone?

Where is the most common place for an ectopic pregnancy to occur?

How long can the 1^st meiotic prophase be arrested for in oogenesis?

During what part of meiosis is the 2nd oocyte arrested in oogenesis?

What is the name of the process where granulosa cells and theca interna layers differentiate into granulosa luteal cells and theca luteal cells, demonstrating an increase in size and lipid droplets?

What three hormones do granulosa cells secrete?

What two hormones do theca lutein cells secrete?

How long does a corpus luteum remain active if no fertilization takes place?

What area must spermatozoa penetrate to gain access to the zona pellucida?

What reaction takes place when spermatozoa bind to the ovary receptors of the zona pellucida?

What two arterial blood supplies support the ovary?

What is the name of the vascular plexus of veins in the ovarian hilum?

Where are the lymphatics found in the ovary?

What nerve plexus innervates the ovary?

What are the three cyclic changes seen in the endometrium?

What layer of the endometrium sloughs off during menstruation?

What are the two layers of the endometrium?

How many layers of smooth muscle are present in the myometrium of the uterus?

What are the three primary layers of the uterus?

Where is the most common site for fertilization to occur in the fallopian tube?

What are the three layers of the fallopian tube?

What areas of the fallopian tube are ciliated cells more prevalent?

What cells are found in the mucosal layer of the fallopian tube?

What are the major components of the male reproductive system?

What are the accessory sex glands of the male reproductive system?

What are the two primary functions of the testis?

What are the primary locations that produce androgens in females?

What are the clinical signs and symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resulting from free testosterone in females?

What are some virilizing effects associated with high androgen production in females?

What are the two principle androgens?

What androgen is essential for spermatogenesis and male sexual dimorphism?

An increase in androstenedione is most suggestive of what lesions in the adrenal gland?

How does cell division occur during production of male gametes?

What week in gestation do testes develop?

What gene is responsible for determining make sex?

What condition presents as XY females with gonadal dysgenesis with functional female genitalia and no ovaries?

What rare congenital intersex condition presents as 46 XX karyotype (otherwise associated with females) that has phenotypically male characteristics that can vary among cases?

What gene is required for the development of the urogenital system and regulation of the SRY transcription?

What gene mutation is present in children with familial Wilms tumor and in children with genitourinary malformations?

What gene is linked formation of ambiguous or female sex organs in a genetically male individual (46, XY)?

What gene is responsible for the expression of several steroidogenic genes that result in a variety of male sex malformations?

Activation of what receptor suppresses the SRY gene during gonadal sex differentiation and its mutation is responsible for congenital adrenal hypoplasia?

What are the three primary embryologic tissues the testicles are derived from?

Regardless of the genetic or gonadal sex, the external genitalia will develop along the female template without the presence of what hormone?

What hormone do the Leydig cells of the testicle secrete

What are some of the principle effects of testosterone on the body?

What week of gestation do testicles in males typically descend?

What is the term for undescended testicles?

What vascular system in the testes carries blood from the testis to the abdominal veins?

What muscle responds to changes in ambient temperature, contracting the testes closer to the abdominal wall, and its relaxation lowers the testes within the scrotum?

What smooth muscle of the scrotum contracts in cold temperatures and causes the scrotum to wrinkle when cold to help regulate heat loss?

Each lobule of the testis contains approximately how many seminiferous tubules?

What glands produce an alkaline mucous-like secretion in response to sexual stimulation in the penis?

What is the pH of semen?

Elevated serum PSA is often an indicator of what concerning disease condition?

What is the name of prostatic concretions that sometimes occur in the prostate glands of elderly patients?

What part of the prostate ends at the urethra?

What part of the prostate is represented by the bladder end?

What zone of the prostate has the most glandular tissue

What zone of the prostate is most likely to have cancer?

What are the four zones of the prostate?

What type of epithelium is present in the seminal vesicles?

What percentage of prostatic glandular tissue is found in the peripheral zone?

What substance does the seminal vesicles secrete to sustain sperm?

Where do sperm acquire their motility?

How many days on average does spermatogenesis take to complete all stages?

What are the three major phases of spermatogenesis?

What insulin-like protein is secreted by the Leydig cells of the testis during embryologic development to stimulate the descent of the testis?