Improving biorisk management by RECORDING, MEASURING and EVALUATING organizational actions and outcomes to reduce biorisk

a person who has authorized access to a facility, its units (such as laboratories and its assets).

analytical procedure designed to characterize security risks.

a procedure that analyses a particular process or situation in order to determine the likelihood and consequences of a certain adverse event

a person who does not have authorized access.

Suitable for work involving laboratory animals infected with agents associated with human disease and pose moderate hazards to personnel and the environment

Required for work with animals infected with dangerous and exotic agents that pose a high individual risk of aerosol-transmitted laboratory infections and life- threatening disease that is frequently fatal, for which there are no vaccines or treatments; or a related agent with unknown risk of transmission

Risk group.

High individual risk, high community risk.

Risk group

Microorganisms that's unlikely to cause human disease. E.g. E. coli

Risk group

Moderate individual risk, low community risk

Measures employed against theft or diversion by those who intend to pursue intentional misuse

Risk group, pathogen that can cause human or animal disease but is unlikely to be a serious hazard. e.g. Plasmodium, shigella, Hepa B virus

Pathogens/microorganisms that are usually greatly hazardous to individual and animals but less harmful to community because these pathogens do not spread from person to person.

Dangerous, exotic or newly classified organisms

Protecting pathogens from dangerous people

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Salmonella spp.

It cannot cause infection to healty person

Protecting people from dangerous pathogens

Bacillus subtilis

Ebola virus

Large independent laboratories that receive & test specimens from many different facilities

Department found in larger laboratories Samples are examined for chromosomal deficiencies that relate to genetic disease.

This department of the laboratory prepares blood products to be used for patient transfusions. Blood components dispensed include whole blood (WB), platelets (Plts), packed red blood cells (RBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitates (Cryo). Blood samples from all donors and the recipient must be carefully tested prior to transfusion so incompatibility and transfusion reactions can be avoided.

This department performs tests that identify diseases associated with blood and the blood-forming tissues. The most common test ordered is the Complete Blood Count. A CBC is actually a multipart assay reported on a form called a hemogram.

classification of laboratories based on ownership that is not affiliated with a government body.

Operated and maintained, partially or wholly, by the national government, a local government unit, and other political units

Brokenshire Integrated Health Ministries Incorporated Laboratory is an example of

The setting up of a primary laboratory is he initial step in establishing a clinical laboratory if the patients are from a small community, a barangay, or within the vicinity.

Caters to larger groups of community residents. Conventional Laboratory with Partially/Semi-automated Instruments

Offers Special Chemistry tests

Offers Immunological tests

Offers Bacterial Culture and Sensitivity

Check the following laboratory/laboratories that offer/s Routine Hematology

Check the following laboratory/laboratories that offer/s Coagulation studies

Check the following laboratory/laboratories that offer/s Routine Clinical Chemistry tests

Check the following laboratory/laboratories that offer/s Routine Urinalysis and Fecalysis

Provides the laboratory tests required for a particular service in institutions such as but not limited to dialysis centers and social hygiene clinicals

A laboratory that offers highly specialized laboratory services that are usually not provided by a general clinical laboratory.

Clinical Laboratory is managed by a Pathologist or Physician with 3 months training on:

The working space for a Primary Clinical Laboratory is

The working space for a laboratory that offers special hematological tests is

National Reference Laboratory for Hematology and Coagulation

National Reference Laboratory for Microbiology

I. Laboratory Acquired infections is unique to laboratory workers, especially those in the microbiology laboratory workers, and can be considered as an occupational hazard.

II. Laboratory-acquired infections can also be caused by inappropriate laboratory facilities, such as hand faucet handles instead of foot-pedal faucets for hand washing sinks.

I. Accidental exposures may be due to lapses in proper laboratory technique

II. Accidental exposures may be due to negligence of safety procedures

Which of the following are the routes of exposure associated with laboratory work?

The microorganism enters the body through the mouth and settles in the small intestine. It causes inflammation and swelling, which may lead to abdominal pains, cramping, diarrhea, fever, and dehydration.

It is characterized by the inflammation of the liver caused by microorganisms (mostly viruses).

The microorganisms enter the body through inhalation of infectious aerosols and contamination of mucocutaneous lesions.

Bacterial infection of skin and/or the tissues beneath the skin (dermis and subcutaneous tissue)

Condition characterized by the inflammation of the outermost layer of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids (conjunctiva) caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi

Blood-borne pathogen enters the body through an open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane or through a splash of infected blood or body fluid on the mucous membranes such as the mouth, eyes and nose.

Most common cause of blood-borne laboratory acquired infection

An organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another.

Also known as Breakbone fever because of its symptoms of intense joint and muscle pain.

Infectious disease caused by Plasmodium spp., which is a parasite that infects red blood cells.

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs.

I. Vectors are disease causing microorganism multiplies within the arthropod vector

II. Host is an organism who provide food and shelter for the pathogen

I. Hepatits D Virus is a defective virus because it requires the presence of Hepatitis A Virus to replicate.

II. Hepatitis A Virus is considered dangerous because it is a “silent infection”, a person can be infected without knowing

I.Hepatitis caused by alcohol and drugs is considered infectious hepatitis.

II. Hepatitis caused by microorganisms s is considered noninfectious hepatitis

Hepatitis virus that can be contracted through blood-to-blood contact:

I.Viral conjunctivitis which is also known as “pink eye”, is typically caused by Adenovirus.

II. Bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by Staphylococcus and Streptococcus spp.

I. Coinfection occures when a person who is already chronically infected with Hepatitis B acquires Hepatitis D infection.

II. Superinfection occurs when a person is infected with Hepatitis D and Hepatitis B at the same time.

A severe disease that represents the late stage of infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which causes defective functioning of the body’s immune system

I. When vector bites a host, pathogen is transmitted from the vector to the host, and the pathogen is transmitted when the arthropod takes a blood-meal.

II. Pathogen is a disease causing microorganism multiplies within the arthropod vector

I. Sexual reproduction is process of creating new individual using two parent organisms

II. Asexual reproduction is process of creating new individual using two parent organisms

I. Sexual reproduction is process of creating new individual using one parent organism

II. Asexual reproduction is process of creating new individual using one parent organism

I. Needlestick injury is the most common cause of laboratory-acquired infections

II. The primary function of the phlebotomist is the collection of blood samples, which expose them to an increased risk of having needlestick injury.