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WorksheetsBiology VCE 3/4 Revision
Total questions: 118
Worksheet time: 2hrs 42mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What are the monomers of carbohydrates?
a)
Nucleotides
b)
Amino Acids
c)
Polysaccharides
d)
Monosaccharides
2.
The monomer of a nucleic acid is
a)
Monosaccharide
b)
Amino Acid
c)
Nucleotide
d)
Triglyceride (3 Fatty Acids and 1 Glycerol)
3.
The purpose of nucleic acids is to store
a)
Water
b)
Minerals
c)
Genetic Information
d)
Energy
4.
Which macromolecule is this?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
5.
Which biomolecule contains pastas and breads?
a)
Lipid
b)
Protein
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Carbohydrate
6.
Which biomolecule contains enzymes?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Protein
7.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Protein
d)
Nucleic acid
8.
The cell membrane is made up of
a)
plasma
b)
phospholipid bilayer
c)
proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
9.
The cell wall in plants contains which carbohydrate?
a)
Carbon
b)
glucose
c)
fructose
d)
cellulose
10.
DNA & RNA are composed of what two general types of molecules?
a)
purines & pyrimidines
b)
protactids & peroxides
c)
phosphotines and puradines
d)
pantomimes & pastelines
11.
Nucleic acids bond together via a _______ bond
a)
phosphodiester
b)
peptide
c)
glycosidic
d)
hydrolysis
12.
A peptide is a compound consisting of 2 or more ________
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleic acids
c)
lipids
d)
carbohydrates
13.
___________ are some functions of lipids.
a)
storing energy and cell membrane structure
b)
providing actin & providing myosin
c)
cellulose structure and digestive assistance
d)
storing & transferring genetic info
14.
When a carbohydrate breaks apart using water it is called ______________
a)
hydrolysis
b)
carbolysis
c)
dehydration synthesis
d)
metabolism
15.
Which of the following is a difference between DNA & RNA?
a)
DNA does not contain a nitrogen base.
b)
RNA is single stranded.
c)
RNA is not a nucleic acid.
d)
DNA is found only in eukaryotic cells.
16.
What kind of reactions break down polymers into individual monomers?
a)
hydrolysis
b)
condensation
17.
What kind of reaction links monomers together to form polymers?
a)
condensation
b)
hydrolysis
18.
Define selective permeability
a)
proteins that move waste materials
b)
all the components of the plasma membrane
c)
allows substances to pass through plasma membrane while keeping others out
d)
not able to go through plasma membrane
19.
What 3 substances move among phospholipids?
a)
Cholesterol, proteins, carbohydrates
b)
amino acids, carbohydrates, cells
c)
lipids, proteins, carbohydrates
d)
cells, cholesterol, amino acids
20.
What is the role of transport proteins?
a)
make amino acids
b)
Move proteins sideways within plasma membrane
c)
give cells their shape
d)
Move needed substances or waste materials through plasma membrane
21.
What is a fluid mosaic model?
a)
organization of the plasma membrane
b)
allows substances to pass through plasma membrane
c)
maintaines balance in a cells survival
d)
Move among tails of phospholipids
22.
What is a phospholipid made out of?
a)
Plasma, Membrane fluid, and Glucose
b)
Carbohydrates, Proteins, and cholesterol
c)
Ribosomes, Glycerol, and Plasma
d)
Glycerol, Two fatty acids, and a phosphate group
23.
The lipid heads are:
a)
Hydrophilic and polar
b)
Hydrophobic and nonpolar
c)
Hydrophilic and nonpolar
d)
Hydrophobic and polar
24.
Lipid tails are...
a)
Nonpolar and hydrophobic
b)
Polar and hydrophilic
c)
Polar and hydrophobic
d)
Nonpolar and hydrophilic
25.
When cells are placed in a __________ solution they begin to swell.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
Equalized
26.
When cells are placed in a __________ solution they begin to shrink.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
Equalized
27.
When cells are placed in a __________ solution they remain the same size due to dynamic equilibrium.
a)
Hypertonic
b)
Isotonic
c)
Hypotonic
d)
Acidic
28.
The major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport is...
a)
Active transport moves with the concentration gradient while facilitated diffusion moves against the concentration gradient.
b)
Active transport uses proteins while facilitated diffusion does not.
c)
Active transport requires energy input while facilitated diffusion does not.
d)
Active transport does not require energy input while facilitated diffusion requires energy input.
29.
A person with swollen gums rinses his mouth with warm salt water, and the swelling decreases. Which of the following has occurred?
a)
The swollen gums have absorbed the saltwater solution.
b)
The saltwater solution lowers the temperature of the water in the gums.
c)
The salt in the solution has moved against the concentration gradient.
d)
The water in the gums has moved out due to the high concentration of salt in the solution.
30.
In pure water, a red blood cell from an animal will swell and burst, but a leaf cell from a plant will not. Which structure in the leaf cell is responsible for this difference?
a)
cell membrane
b)
cell wall
c)
mitochondrion
d)
nucleus
31.
This picture represents what type of cell transport?
a)
endocytosis
b)
exocytosis
c)
osmosis
d)
passive transport
32.
The energy needed to power the sodium-potassium pump is provided by the
a)
the binding of ATP to the pump
b)
transport of ATP by the pump
c)
removal of a phosphate group from ATP
d)
formation of ATP
33.
Na+ ions enter cells by
a)
diffusing across the lipid bilayer without assistance
b)
diffusing through Na+ion channels
c)
binding to Na+ carrier proteins
d)
binding to Cl- ions
34.
Water diffusing with the concentration gradient from high water concentration to low water concentration across a cell membrane is....
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Transport
d)
Osmosis
35.
At the end of a nerve cell, vesicles of neurotransmitter proteins merge with the cell membrane and release the neurotransmitter to be picked up by the next neuron. This is an example of...
a)
Facilitated Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Exocytosis
d)
Endocytosis
36.
What will be the resulting mRNA from this DNA sequence:
GAT-TAC-AGA-TTA-CAT?
GAT-TAC-AGA-TTA-CAT?
a)
CTA-ATG-TCT-AAT-GTA
b)
GAU-UAG-UGA-UUA-GUT
c)
CUA-AUG-UCU-AAU-GUA
d)
CAT-ACA-TAC-ATA-TAG
37.
Which type of RNA delivers the genetic code to the ribosome?
a)
tRNA
b)
mRNA
c)
rRNA
d)
tmRtmRNA
38.
What is a peptide bond?
a)
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
b)
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
c)
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
d)
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.
39.
Enyzmes are a very important type of protein used to
a)
Build bones in skeleton
b)
Send hormonal signals throughout body
c)
Speed up chemical reactions
d)
Photosynthesize glucose in plants
40.
Which macromolecule is this?
a)
carbohydrate
b)
lipid
c)
protein
d)
nucleic acid
41.
Enzymes are capable of increasing the rate of a chemical reaction within a living cell. Enzymes accomplish this through which of the following means?
a)
reducing the number of products
b)
reducing the activation energy
c)
increasing the temperature of the cell
d)
increasing the concentration of reactants
42.
Hemoglobin is
a)
a nucleic acid that transports oxygen
b)
a protein that regulates blood sugar level
c)
a nucleic acid that carries genetic information
d)
a protein that transports oxygen
43.
I am a protein packaging and shipping machine! Who am I?
a)
vacuole
b)
ribosome
c)
endoplasmic reticulum
d)
golgi apparatus
44.
You might think of me as the trash collector or recycler is maybe more accurate. What am I?
a)
cytoplasm
b)
lysosme
c)
vacuole
d)
ribosome
45.
What is this?
a)
mitochondria
b)
lysosomes
c)
chloroplast
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
46.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
47.
The structural level of a protein least affected by hydrogen bonds is
a)
primary level
b)
secondary level
c)
tertiary level
d)
all levels are equally affected
48.
What type of protein structure is shown?
a)
primary
b)
secondary
c)
tertiary
d)
quaternary
49.
Which organelle sorts, modifies and packages molecules for storage in the cell or secretion out of the cell?
a)
Mitochondria
b)
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
c)
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Golgi Body
50.
Plants captures solar energy to make their own food in a process called photosynthesis. This is a(n) __________ process.
a)
anabolic
b)
catabolic
c)
metabolic
d)
growth
51.
Catabolic processes
a)
make complex molecules from simpler ones
b)
break complex molecules into simpler ones
c)
occur only in autotrophs
d)
occur only in heterotrophs
52.
Enzymes need certain environmental conditions in order to function properly. What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?
a)
they die
b)
they denature
c)
they change their amino acid sequence
d)
they work better
53.
Reaction rate decreases when the temperature decreases because
a)
cold temperatures denature the enzyme
b)
the enzyme freezes
c)
there are fewer collisions between enzyme and substrate
d)
there are too many collisions between enzyme and product
54.
What are the three products of the light reactions?
a)
water, oxygen, ATP
b)
glucose, ATP, oxygen
c)
NADPH, ATP and Oxygen
d)
NADPH, glucose, ATP
55.
Where do the light reactions happen?
a)
mitochondria membrane
b)
thylakoid membrane
c)
stroma
d)
central vacuole
56.
After Photosystem II, where do the excited electrons, with lots of free energy, go?
a)
Oxygen
b)
Water
c)
ATP
d)
NADPH
57.
What is the name of the enzyme that fixes carbon in photosynthesis?
a)
Rubisco
b)
NADPH reductase
c)
Carbon Fixase
d)
Calvinase
58.
What are the two products of the light reactions that are needed for the calvin cycle?
a)
NAD and NADPH
b)
NADP + and Glucose
c)
NADPH and ATP
d)
Oxygen and NADPH
59.
What is the main purpose of the light reactions?
a)
To provide the energy and electrons for the calvin cycle
b)
To capture energy and make sugar
c)
To reflect green light
d)
To make sugars
60.
What is the product of the Calvin Cycle?
a)
Rubisco
b)
Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate (G3P)
c)
Oxygen
d)
Starch
61.
TRUE or FALSE. The calvin cycle can happen during the day.
a)
True
b)
false
62.
True or False. The calvin cycle can happen at night.
a)
true
b)
false
63.
Where does the calvin cycle happen?
a)
stroma
b)
matrix
c)
Thylakoid space
d)
Thylakoid membrane
64.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
b)
6CO2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> O2
c)
6O2 + 6H2O --> 6CO2 + C6H12O6
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2
65.
How are cellular respiration and photosynthesis related, in terms of energy?
a)
The energy captured in photosynthesis is used to power cellular respiration.
b)
The energy transformed in cellular respiration is used to power photosynthesis.
c)
Photosynthesis and respiration perform the same task in terms of energy transformation
d)
Energy is not involved in either photosynthesis or cellular respiration.
66.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP.
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen.
c)
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis used carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
67.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
68.
Which process takes place in the presence of oxygen and produces nearly 20 times as much as ATP as glycolysis alone?
a)
photosynthesis
b)
lactic acid fermentation
c)
aerobic respiration
d)
alcoholic fermentation
69.
Which of the following structure is where cellular respiration occurs in the cell?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
mitochondria
d)
vacuoles
70.
Two different species of bacteria are examined. Scientists find that species X always produces CO2 and H2O during cellular respiration. Species Y always produces ethyl alcohol and CO2. Which conclusion can be made from these observations?
a)
Only species Y is aerobic.
b)
Only species Y is anaerobic
c)
Both species X and Y are aerobic.
d)
Both species X and Y are anaerobic
71.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
72.
Organisms that cannot make their own food and must obtain energy from external sources are called
a)
autotrophs
b)
heterotrophs
c)
thylakoids
d)
plants
73.
Which is a product of the Krebs Cycle?
a)
glucose
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
pyruvic acid
74.
Which is a product of glycolysis?
a)
pyruvic acid
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
glucose
75.
Which is a reactant of the electron transport chain?
a)
glucose
b)
carbon dioxide
c)
water
d)
oxygen
76.
ATP becomes ADP when it
a)
loses a phosphate
b)
is exposed to sunlight
c)
gains a phosphate
d)
gains energy
77.
The greatest amount of ATP is produced during
a)
fermentation
b)
anaerobic respiration
c)
glycolysis
d)
aerobic respiration
78.
Glycolysis results in a net gain of how many ATP?
a)
0
b)
2
c)
4
d)
1
79.
How much ATP does cellular respiration ideally make?
a)
2 ATP
b)
0 ATP
c)
10 ATP
d)
36 ATP
80.
Anaerobic respiration.....
a)
doesn't require CO2
b)
requires CO2
c)
doesn't require oxygen
d)
requires oxygen
81.
A black chicken (BB) is crossed with a black chicken (BB). What is the genotype and phenotype of the offspring? Draw a Punnet square and naswer this question.
a)
100% heterozygous; 50% black
b)
100% homozygous dominant; 100% black
82.
The organism's appearance is known as its
a)
heredity
b)
pedigree
c)
phenotype
d)
genotype
83.
_____________ describes a trait that covers over, or masks another form of that trait.
a)
recessive
b)
gene
c)
allele
d)
dominant
84.
Different forms of a gene are called
a)
alleles
b)
traits
85.
When you cross two parents, each parent is responsible for passing _______ of their two alleles for each individual trait.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
86.
If Mom is type A, and Dad is type AB, can their kid be type o?
a)
Yes
b)
No
87.
The process by which the nuclear material is divided equally between two new cells
a)
mitosis
b)
cancer
c)
spindle
d)
centromere
88.
How many chromosomes do humans have?
a)
46
b)
21
c)
10
89.
What are the nucleotides made of?
a)
Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base
b)
Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base
c)
Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine
d)
Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine
90.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
91.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
92.
What are the 4 nitrogen bases?
a)
adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine
b)
adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine
c)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol
d)
adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose
93.
Which sequence of DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG
ATG TGA CAG
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
94.
The two strands of DNA are held together by:
a)
Hydrogen Bonds
b)
Phosphodiester Bonds
c)
Glycolsyl Bonds
d)
Glycosidic Linkages
95.
Which model is this?
a)
Lock and Key
b)
Induced Fit
c)
Enzyme substrate complex
96.
An enzyme is a
a)
biological fat
b)
biological catalyst
c)
hydrophobic molecule
d)
cancer cell
97.
Osmosis is the
a)
diffusion of sugar across a membrane
b)
diffusion of small particles across a membrane
c)
diffusion of water across a membrane
d)
diffusion of salt across a membrane
98.
The substrate binds to the
a)
top of the enzyme
b)
active site of the enzyme
c)
to another substrate
d)
products
99.
Which factors affect movement of substances across a membrane?
a)
size
b)
electrical charge
c)
lipid solubility
d)
water solubility
e)
water concentration
100.
Which factor does not denature an enzyme?
a)
pH
b)
temperature
c)
substrate concentration
101.
What is a solvent?
a)
the substance that dissolves
b)
the substance that does the dissolving
c)
the final product
d)
water
102.
The independent variable is
a)
the one you measure
b)
the one you change
c)
the ones you keep the same
d)
the one that is on its own
103.
Active transport goes
a)
with the gradient
b)
against the gradient
104.
Which enzyme model is the most accurate?
a)
lock and key model
b)
induced fit model
105.
Is denaturing reversible at low temperatures?
a)
Yes
b)
No
106.
Which enzyme would be best to use in the stomach?
a)
Pepsin
b)
Trypsin
107.
At what volume of hydrogen peroxide was the saturation point reached?
a)
0.1
b)
0.2
c)
0.3
d)
0.4
108.
In the process of NATURAL SELECTION, organisms that are best suited to their environment are more likely to
a)
die
b)
survive and reproduce
c)
be predators
d)
have mutations
109.
Which of the following is NOT an example of natural selection?
a)
People
selectively breeding hamsters.
b)
Insect
populations developing resistance to certain pesticides.
c)
Bacteria
becoming resistant to antibiotics.
d)
Male
birds of certain species developing colorful feathers to attract female mates.
110.
According to the cladogram, which organism is most distantly related to the human?
a)
crayfish
b)
grasshopper
c)
perch
d)
frog
111.
Why is genetic diversity important?
a)
A population with less species diversity is more likely to survive an outbreak of disease since less species means less chance of disease spread.
b)
A population with less species diversity is more likely to survive the competition among species.
c)
A population with more genetic diversity is more likely to survive environmental changes, a disease outbreak, or the disappearance of a food source.
d)
A population with less genetic diversity is more likely to survive changes food supply and demand.
112.
A relationship in which two species live closely together.
a)
resource
b)
mutualism
c)
succession
d)
symbiosis
113.
Which form of evolution involves species with different ancestral origins developing similar features?
a)
Divergent
b)
Convergent
114.
What form of evolution involves species which share the same ancestral origin but have evolved different features.
a)
Convergent
b)
Divergent
115.
What are the oldest fossils and why?
a)
B, C- because they are closest to the top
b)
A, B- because they are closest to the bottom
c)
They are all the same age- because they are all found on layer 2
d)
A, B- because they are found closest to the top
116.
DNA makes a copy of itself in a process called ________________________________?
a)
translation
b)
replication
c)
transcription
d)
division
117.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
ATG TGA CAG?
a)
ATG TGA CAG
b)
TAC ACT GTC
c)
GTA AGT GAC
d)
CAT TCA CTG
118.
Direction that DNA is replicated
a)
3' to 5'
b)
5' to 3'
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