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Biology: A Year Review

Total questions: 99

Worksheet time: 3hrs 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the structure labeled #1?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Nucleus
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Mitochondria
2.
What is the structure labeled #5?
a)
Vacuole
b)
Chloroplast
c)
Mitochondria
d)
Lysosome
3.
What is the structure labeled #9?
a)
Cell Wall
b)
Cytoplasm
c)
Chloroplast
d)
Mitochondria
4.
Protective barrier that surrounds all cell types that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
a)
nuclear membrane
b)
cytoplasm
c)
Cell wall 
d)
Cell membrane
5.
This organelle is a gel-like fluid that takes up most of the space inside the cell. 
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Cell Membrane
c)
Vacuole
d)
Golgi Body
6.
Which organelle collects sunlight to make sugar during photosynthesis?
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Cell Wall
c)
Cell Membrane
d)
Vacuole
7.
This organelle takes food and turns it into ENERGY for plant and animal cells.
a)
Chloroplast
b)
Mitochondria
c)
Lysosome
d)
Ribosome
8.

Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

a)

6CO2 + light + 6H2O --> 6O2 + Sugar (C6H12O6)

b)

3CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light

c)

4O2 + light + H2O --> 4CO2 + Sugar (C6H12O6)

d)

2CO2 + O2 + 1H2O --> Light+ Sugar (C6H12O6)

9.

What is the pigment in chloroplasts that performs photosynthesis?

a)

Chlorosynthesis

b)

Chlorophyll

c)

Chloroplast

d)

Green

10.
What are the products of photosynthesis?
a)
water and carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen and glucose
c)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
d)
oxygen and water
11.
If all four plants were watered daily but placed in a closet, receiving no sunlight, what process would NOT occur?
a)
Ingestion of carbon dioxide
b)
Filtration of water through the soil
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Water absorbtion
12.
What are the reactants of cellular respiration?
a)
glucose & carbon dioxide
b)
glucose & oxygen
c)
water & oxygen
d)
water & carbon dioxide
13.

The gas created during cellular respiration is...

a)

oxygen

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

nitrogen

d)

methane

14.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
15.
This organelle could likely be found in 
a)
plant cells only.
b)
animal cells only.
c)
prokaryotes only.
d)
plant and animal cells.
16.
Movement of particles from high to low concentration. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
17.
Movement of materials from high to low concentration through a protein channel. 
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
18.
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
19.
ATP is a form of energy.
a)
Passive Transport
b)
Active Transport
20.
A phospholipid has 2 parts. What are they called? 
a)
Hydrophilic Head, Hydrophobic Tail 
b)
Hydrophobic Head, Hydrophilic Tail 
21.
"Water Loving"
a)
Hydrophobic
b)
Hydrophilic 
c)
Hydroelectric 
d)
Hydroloric
22.
"Water Fearing" 
a)
Hydrophobic
b)
Hydrophilic 
c)
Hydroelectric 
d)
Hydroloric
23.

The polymer called Nucleic Acids are made of the monomers....

a)

Nucleotides

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Glucose/Monosaccharides

d)

Glycerol

e)

Fatty Acids

24.

The polymer called Proteins are made of the monomers....

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Glucose/Monosaccharides

d)

Glycerol

e)

Fatty Acids

25.

The polymer called Lipids are made of the monomers....

a)

Nucleic Acids

b)

Amino Acids

c)

Glucose/Monosaccharides

d)

Fatty Acids & Glycerol

26.

The monomer Amino acids make up the polymer....

a)

Proteins

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Carbohydrates

27.
What are the monomers of DNA?
a)
glycerols
b)
amino acids
c)
fatty acids
d)
nucleotides
28.
Which group of biomolecules provides quick energy to organisms?
a)
proteins
b)
carbohydrates
c)
lipids
d)
nucleic acids
29.
Genetic information is stored in which class of organic compounds?
a)
proteins
b)
lipids
c)
nucleic acids
d)
carbohydrates
30.

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell spend the most time?

a)

Mitosis

b)

G1

c)

S

d)

G2

31.

During which part of the cell cycle is DNA copied?

a)

Mitosis

b)

G1

c)

S phase

d)

G2

32.

Cells of organisms must divide for ?

a)

growth

b)

repair of damaged tissue

c)

replacement of dying cells.

d)

All of the above

33.

How many checkpoints are in the cell cycle?

a)

5

b)

4

c)

3

d)

2

34.
What phase of mitosis is occuring in the picture?
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Cytokinesis
d)
Telophase
35.
What phase of mitosis is pictured?
a)
Metaphase
b)
Telophase
c)
Prophase
d)
Anaphase
36.
Name the phase:
a)
Prophase
b)
Metaphase
c)
Anaphase
d)
Telophase
37.

Name the phase.

a)

Prophase

b)

Metaphase

c)

Anaphase

d)

Telophase

38.

Which is Prokaryotic?

a)

Animal

b)

Plant

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

39.

Which type of cell does not have a nucleus?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

40.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
41.
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
a)
each one with two original strands
b)
each one with two new strands
c)
each one with one new strand and one original strand
d)
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands
42.
A scientist observes a base sequence of AGCTAGCTAGCT.  Which of the following would be the complimentary strand?
a)
TGCATGCATGCA
b)
TCGATCGATCGA
c)
TAGCTAGCTAGC
d)
TTAAGGCCTTCC
43.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
44.

What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA?

a)

adenine, thymine, cytoplasm, and guanine

b)

adenine, thymine cytosine, and guanine

c)

adenine, thymine, cytosine, and gylcerol

d)

adenine, thymine, cytosine, and glucose

45.
The nucleic acid DNA is composed of
a)
sugar, protein, and nitrogenous bases.
b)
protein, nitrogenous bases, and phosphate.
c)
nitrogenous bases, phosphate, and RNA.
d)
sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous bases.
46.

Where does Transcription take place?

a)

Inside the nucleus

b)

Inside the cytoplasm

c)

Inside the Ribosome

d)

Inside the Rough ER

47.

Select which nitrogenous bases can be found in RNA. (Select all that apply)

a)

Adenine

b)

Thymine

c)

Uracil

d)

Cytosine

e)

Guanine

48.

Transcribe the following DNA sequence to the complementary mRNA sequence.


TAC CGG CTG

a)

AUG GCC GAC

b)

AUG GCC GAG

c)

AUG CGG GAC

d)

GUA GCC GAC

49.
What is the correct sequence?
a)
RNA --> DNA --> Protein
b)
Protein --> RNA --> DNA
c)
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
d)
DNA --> Protein --> RNA
50.
Which amino acid is made from the RNA codon GUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Leucine
c)
Serine
d)
Valine
51.

What is a trait?

a)

A physical characteristic passed down from your mom

b)

A behavioral characteristic passed down from your dad

c)

A physical or behavioral characteristic passed down from your parents

d)

A behavioral characteristic passed down by your mom

52.

What is an allele?

a)

A trait

b)

Different forms of a gene

c)

DNA

d)

Different types of parents

53.

What is a genotype?

a)

Pair of alleles that determine a specific trait

b)

Observable physical trait

c)

A trait that is observed with only one copy of an allele

54.

What is a phenotype?

a)

Pair of alleles that determine a trait

b)

Observable physical trait

c)

Different forms of a gene

55.

What is a dominant gene?

a)

A trait that is observed when there are one OR two copies of the allele

b)

A trait that is observed only when there are two copies of the allele

c)

A trait that can be hidden in a generation

56.

A person who is homozygous for a trait can have a genotype of....

a)

AA, Aa

b)

Aa, aa

c)

AA, aa

d)

aa

57.

If a person is heterozygous for a trait, their genotype can be...

a)

Aa

b)

AA, aa

c)

AA, Aa

d)

AA

58.

If "B" represents brown hair, and "b" represents blond hair, what will the genotype be for a homozygous brown haired person?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

59.

If "B" is brown and "b" is blond, what is the phenotype of someone who's genotype is "bb"

a)

Brown Hair

b)

Blond Hair

c)

Red Hair

60.

If a person is heterozygous for brown hair, what is their genotype?

a)

BB

b)

Bb

c)

bb

61.

Heterozygous: Different, Homozygous:_____________

a)

The same

b)

Less Than

c)

Greater Than

d)

4 copies

62.

What is the missing pairing?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

63.

Using the Punnett Square, identify the correct Genotypic ratio

a)

2:2:1

b)

1:2:1

c)

2:1:1

d)

1:1:1

64.

Based on the missing letter, what is the parent's genotype?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

65.

Mutations are a change in what?

a)

DNA

b)

tRNA

c)

protein

d)

rRNA

66.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

a)

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

b)

Because they come from dominant alleles.

c)

Because they come from recessive alleles.

d)

Because the organism knew it needed that trait, survives, and passes it on.

67.
The differences among a species, like different bird beaks, are called
a)
genes.
b)
variations.
c)
traits.
d)
theories.
68.
Why is the mouse population changing over time?
a)
The light mice can reproduce more successfully than the dark mice
b)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because the dark mice taste better
c)
The hawks eat more light mice than dark mice because they can see the light mice more easily
d)
The hawks eat more dark mice than light mice because they can see the dark mice more easily
69.

Where do adaptations come from?

a)

The individual organism decides to adapt

b)

Mutations in the RNA

c)

Genetic recombination during meiosis

d)

Both mutations and parents DNA combining

70.

"Organisms that are better adapted to the environment survive to pass traits to their offspring" is the definition of

a)

Natural Selection

b)

Evolution

c)

Selective Breeding

d)

Artificial Selection

71.

All rabbits of the same species living in a particular area would be an example of a(n)

a)

population

b)

species

c)

community

d)

ecosystem

72.

The more genetic variation a population has,

the more likely it is for some individuals to

a)

evolve

b)

migrate

c)

survive

d)

mutate

73.

Mutations are important because they bring about

a)

death of the organism in which they develop

b)

genetic variation needed for a population to evolve

c)

benefits for the individual, not for the population

d)

changes in genotype, but not phenotype

74.
The long and sharp beak of a woodpecker is an example of:
a)

Behavior (It has the beak because it started pecking the trees)

b)
Selective Breeding
c)

Adaptation

d)

Mutation

75.
Domesticated dogs are an example of:
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
76.

Why is competition important for natural selection?

a)

It shows which variations are more successful, allowing the organisms with those variations to survive.

b)

It causes organisms, regardless of which traits they have, to die out, reducing the population size.

c)

It causes organisms to get stronger due to having to outcompete other species.

d)

Competition is not important for natural selection.

77.
What mutation has occurred here? 
T-G-A-C-C-A
T-G-A-G-C-A
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Frameshift 
78.
Are all mutations bad?
a)
Yes
b)
No
79.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
80.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTACGCAAC. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)

Substitution

b)

Insertion

c)

Inversion

d)
Translocation
81.
DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG
The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.
a)
Substitution
b)
Deletion
c)
Insertion
d)
Inversion
82.
Which of the following can increase the rate of mutation?
a)
UV Radiation
b)
Viruses
c)
toxic chemicals 
d)
All of the above
83.
Where do mutations occur?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
DNA 
c)
RNA
d)
mRNA and tRNA
84.
What are the building blocks of proteins called?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Amino Acids
85.

In this type of point mutation, one extra base pair is inserted into a sequence of DNA

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

86.
Normal-
GAG-CTC-GAC-AGA
Mutant
GAG CTC-CAC-AGA
a)
no mutation
b)
substitution
c)
insertion
d)
deletion
87.

In this type of point mutation, one base pair is lost

a)

substitution

b)

insertion

c)

deletion

d)

translocation

88.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
89.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
90.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
91.
What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
carbon
92.
A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.
a)
Population
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Ecosphere
93.
Individuals that can breed with one another make up a
a)
species
b)
population
c)
community
d)
ecosystem
94.

Which organisms would be at the top or last trophic level?

a)

plant

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

d)

carnivore

95.

The monkey would be a

a)

decomposer

b)

producer

c)

primary consumer

d)

secondary consumer

96.

Introduced species disrupt ecosystems because they are a/an

a)

Keystone Species

b)

Endemic Species

c)

Invasive Species

d)

Native Species

97.

Mice might grow in population and destroy the community by eating all of the berry bushes if

a)

wolves and snakes were removed from the food web

b)

another predator migrated in to the community

c)

the snake population grew

d)

none of these

98.

A lion that eats a zebra that eats grass is a

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

quaternary consumer

99.

What percentage of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?

a)

5%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

90%

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