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Muscle Structure/Contraction Review

Total questions: 77

Worksheet time: 58mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

a)

Cardiac, Elastic, Smooth

b)

Smooth, Curly, Skeletal

c)

Smooth, Cardiac, Skeletal

d)

None of the above

2.
This type of muscle tissue is found only in the heart
a)
Skeletal
b)
Cardiac
c)
Smooth
3.
Which types of muscle tissue are voluntary
a)
Cardiac Muscle
b)
Smooth Muscle
c)
Skeletal Muscle
d)
Skeletal Muscle and Smooth Muscle
4.

What type of muscle(s) is involuntary?

a)

skeletal and smooth

b)

cardiac and skeletal

c)

smooth and cardiac

d)

skeletal

5.
How are muscles attached to bone?
a)
Ligaments
b)
Cartlidge
c)
skin
d)
Tendons
6.

Which muscle tissue type is always multinucleated?

a)

cardiac

b)

smooth

c)

skeletal

d)

visceral

7.

Which muscle tissue type is shown in the picture?

a)

cardiac muscle tissue

b)

smooth muscle tissue

c)

skeletal muscle tissue

8.

Which muscle tissue type is shown in the picture?

a)

cardiac muscle tissue

b)

smooth muscle tissue

c)

skeletal muscle tissue

9.

If you are sprinting, this is an example of:

a)

Aerobic Respiration

b)

Anaerobic Respiration

10.

If you are jogging, this is an example of:

a)

Aerobic Respiration

b)

Anaerobic Respiration

11.

Which of these is done in the absence of oxygen?

a)

Aerobic Respiration

b)

Anaerobic Respiration

12.

Which of these is produces more ATP?

a)

Aerobic Respiration

b)

Anaerobic Respiration

13.

Name of thick myofilaments?

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

c)

Myoglobin

d)

Titan

14.

Sliding filament theory states that

a)

Actin and myosin filaments shorten and slide past each other

b)

When myofilaments slide past each other , shortening of actin filaments occur

c)

When myofilaments slide past each other , shortening of myosin filaments occur

d)

Actin and myosin filaments do not shorten , they only slide past each other

15.

The energy required for muscular contraction is derived from

a)

Actin

b)

Actomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

ATP

16.

Which of the proteins listed below is NOT a myofilament protein?

A. Actin

B. Troponin

C. Trypsin

D. Tropomyosin

E. Myosin

a)

All of these listed are myofibril proteins

b)

Troponin is not a myofilament protein.

c)

Trypsin is not a myofilament protein.

d)

None of these are proteins that make myofilaments.

17.

A mitochondria's role in muscle contraction is the ...

a)

Synthesis of ATP

b)

Metabolism of ATP

c)

Synthesis of Proteins

d)

Metabolism of Worn out Proteins

18.
In order for tropomyosin to change conformation, calcium has to bind with...
a)
Voltage Gated Ion Channel
b)
Ligand Gated Ion Channel
c)
Troponin Protein
d)
Actin Protein
19.

Calcium that will eventually enter the muscle cell to bind with troponin is stored in the...

a)

T-Tubule of the myofiber

b)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum of the myofiber

c)

Sarcolemma of the myofiber

d)

The interstitial space outside the muscle cell near the pre-synaptic terminal.

20.
During muscle contraction the 'Z' Lines will...
a)
Disappear
b)
Get Farther apart
c)
Get Closer Together
d)
Appear Thicker
21.

__________ is attached to the Z line?

a)

myosin

b)

actin

c)

thick filament

d)

troponin

22.

What is the contractile unit formed from Z line to Z line?

a)

Sarcomere

b)

T Tubule

c)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

d)

Fascicle

23.

____________ attaches to actin to form the cross bridge.

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Myosin

d)

Calcium

24.

What does calcium attach in a muscle contraction?

a)

Myosin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Troponin

d)

Actin

25.

What is the name of the neurotransmitter released at a neuromuscular junction?

a)

Calcium

b)

Acetylcholine

c)

Dopamine

d)

Troponin

26.
Which of the following is the correct order?
a)
fascicle, muscle fiber, myofibril, sarcomere, myofilament
b)
muscle fiber, fascicle, sarcomere, myofibril, myofilament
c)
sarcomere, muscle fiber, fascicle, myofibril, myofilament
d)
fascicle, muscle fiber, myofilament, myofibril, sarcomer
27.

The 'gap' between the motor neuron and the muscle fiber it supplies at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is called the

a)

H

b)

Z

c)

synaptic cleft

d)

sarcomere

28.
plasma membrane of a muscle cell
a)
sarcolemma
b)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
c)
thick filament
d)
thin filament
29.
specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum that surrounds each myofibril, it stores calcium and releases on demand
a)
sarcolemma
b)
sarcoplasmic reticulum
c)
thick filament
d)
thin filament
30.

What is necessary for the myosin to release the actin?

a)

ATP

b)

Calcium

c)

ADP

d)

Sodium

31.

What is the name of the protein that covers the binding sites on actin?

a)

Myosin

b)

Titin

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

32.

When a muscle is in a contracted position, what is the relationship between actin filaments?

a)

They are on top of one another

b)

They are beside each other

c)

They are close to each other

d)

They are far apart from each other

33.

Skeletal Muscle contraction is initiated when the ________ sends a message to the muscle cell.

a)

Muscle cell

b)

Gland

c)

Neuron

d)

None of the above

34.

What is the name of structure #2?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Actin

d)

ATP

35.

What is the name of structure #1?

a)

Troponin

b)

Tropomyosin

c)

Actin

d)

ATP

36.

Contractility is the ability of a muscle to…

a)

shorten.

b)

respond to a nerve stimulus

c)

stretch beyond the resting state.

d)

return to a resting state after the muscle is stretched

37.

Excitability is the ability of a muscle to

a)

shorten.

b)

stretch beyond the resting state.

c)

respond to a nerve stimulus.

d)

return to a resting state after the muscle is stretched.

38.

Actin myofilaments are attached to the z-line.

a)

True

b)

False

39.

Cardiac muscles are like skeletal muscles except cardiac muscles are voluntary.

a)

True

b)

False

40.

At resting potential, acetylcholine is contained within vesicles.

a)

True

b)

False

41.

ATP is a type of neurotransmitter.

a)

True

b)

False

42.

Aerobic respiration promotes the buildup of lactic acid due to lack of oxygen.

a)

True

b)

False

43.

___gets shorter during contraction.

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

troponin-tropomyosin

d)

none of these

44.

What is X? It receives electrical signals from axon and releases neurotransmitters (chemical signals) into the synapse.

a)

dendrite

b)

axon

c)

cell body

d)

axon terminal

45.

What is X? It is the physical space between two neurons across which a nerve impulse is transmitted by a neurotransmitter.

a)

axon terminal

b)

synaptic cleft

c)

synaptic vesicle

d)

motor unit

e)

motor end plate

46.

What is X? It is a small secretory vesicle that contains a neurotransmitter, is found inside an axon and releases it contents into the synaptic cleft after fusing with the membrane.

a)

axon terminal

b)

synaptic cleft

c)

synaptic vesicle

d)

motor unit

e)

motor end plate

47.

Identify the pink structures? Binds to calcium ions, moving tropomyosin away from the myosin binding sites on actin filaments.

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

tropomyosin

d)

troponin

e)

cross bridge

48.

Identify X? A protein that covers the mysoin binding sites on the actin filament in a relaxed muscle, preventing contraction.

a)

actin

b)

myosin

c)

tropomyosin

d)

troponin

e)

cross bridge

49.

Identify the structure. It is the high-energy/attached state when myosin is loaded with potential energy and attached to actin.

a)

actin

b)

myosin head

c)

tropomyosin

d)

troponin

e)

cross bridge

50.

This term refers to when myosin and actin contract to "pull the trigger".

a)

power stroke

b)

contraction phase

c)

relaxation phase

d)

isometric contraction

51.

What energy format is action potential (signal) in while moving across the synaptic gap?

a)

electrical

b)

chemical

c)

mechanical

d)

radiation

52.

The synapse where a motor neuron axon and a skeletal muscle fiber 'meet'

a)

Neurotransmitter

b)

Neuron

c)

Axon

d)

Neuromuscular Junction

53.

The impulse that triggers a contraction travels deep into a muscle fiber by means of

a)

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

b)

Transverse Tubules

c)

Mitochondria

d)

Motor end Plates

54.

Myofibrils are composed primarily of

a)

Actin and Myosin

b)

ATP and ADP

c)

Troponin

d)

Tropomyosin

55.

A muscle cramp is likely due to a lack of

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

c)

ATP

d)

ADP

56.

Rigor mortis that occurs in skeletal muscles a few hours after death is due to

a)

excessive ATP, which prevents muscle relaxation

b)

lack of ATP, which prevents muscle relaxation

c)

excessive ATP, which causes muscle contraction

d)

None of these

57.
Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells 
a)
causes fatigue
b)
produces lactic acid
c)
occurs with a lack of oxygen
d)
all of these
58.
The following are all functions of the muscular system EXCEPT:
a)
Maintaining posture
b)
Generating body heat
c)
Stabilizing joints
d)
Producing red blood cells (hematopoiesis)
59.
What is the connective tissue covering of a muscle fascicle?
a)
endomysium
b)
perimysium
c)
epimysium
60.

The thin filament composed of protein in a myofibril is called?

a)

Actin

b)

Myosin

61.

A bundle of muscle fibers

a)

muscle fiber

b)

fascicle

c)

sarcolemma

d)

aponeurosis

e)

agonist

62.

The ability to be stretched

a)

agonist

b)

antagonist

c)

contractility

d)

extensibility

e)

irritability

63.

The ability to respond to a stimulus

a)

agonist

b)

antagonist

c)

contractility

d)

extensibility

e)

irritability

64.

The outermost sheath of connective tissue that surrounds a skeletal muscle

a)

endomysium

b)

epimysium

c)

perimysium

d)

aponeurosis

e)

sarcolemma

65.

A connective tissue sheath that envelops each primary bundle of muscle fibers

a)

endomysium

b)

epimysium

c)

perimysium

d)

aponeurosis

e)

sarcolemma

66.

Individual muscle cells are encased in a tough connective tissue sheath called the ...

a)

sarcoplasmic reticulum

b)

endomysium

c)

perimysium

d)

epimysium

67.

Muscle cells are bundled together to form (6) ...

a)

fascia

b)

myofibrils

c)

sarcomeres

d)

fascicles

68.

Bundles of muscle cells are bound together by connective tissue (5) called ...

a)

epimysium

b)

perimysium

c)

sarcomysium

d)

endomysium

69.

Another name for the fascia (3) is the ...

a)

epimysium

b)

sarcomysium

c)

perimysium

d)

endomysium

70.

Muscle cells are filled with long cylindrical organelles called ...

a)

sarcomeres

b)

myofibrils

c)

fascicles

d)

fascia

71.

Nerve cells that transmit impulses to muscle cells are called ...

a)

sensory neurons

b)

active neurons

c)

motor neurons

d)

myoneurons

72.
What would the predominant muscle fibre type be for this athlete?
a)
Slow Twitch
b)
Fast Twitch A
c)
Fast Twitch B
d)
Combination of Slow and Fast
73.
What are the characteristics of fast twitch muscle fibres?
a)
Explosive activities, fatigue slowly
b)
Endurance activities, fatigue slowly
c)
Explosive activities, fatigue quickly
d)
Endurance activities, fatigue quickly
74.
What would the predominant muscle fibre type be for this athlete?
a)
Slow Twitch
b)
Fast Twitch A
c)
Fast Twitch B
d)
Combination of Fast A and Fast B
75.
This is a muscle biopsy. What is the predominant muscle fibre type here?
a)
Slow Twitch
b)
Fast Twitch
76.
Which one of the following is a key characteristic of slow twitch muscle fibers? 
a)
They contain large amounts of Mitochondria
b)
They are fast to fatigue
c)
They are recruited last
d)
They contain low numbers of Mitochondria
77.
Muscle fatigue sets in due to the non-availability of 
a)
calcium
b)
ATP
c)
actin binding sites
d)
sodium

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