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Advance Genetics and Evolution Test Review 2

Total questions: 66

Worksheet time: 50mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

"T" is dominant, "t" is recessive. If an organism has the genes "Tt."

Which will trait will result?

a)

"T" dominant

b)

"t" recessive

2.

"G" is dominant, "g" is recessive. If an organism has the genes "gg."

Which will trait will result?

a)

"G" dominant

b)

"g" recessive

3.

Emily has brown hair.

Which most likely explains why Emily has brown hair?

a)

Emily’s favorite color is brown.

b)

Emily has a parent with brown hair.

c)

Emily’s older brother has brown hair.

4.

What should you use to predict the traits of offspring when you know the genes of two parents?

a)

a graph

b)

a flow chart

c)

a data table

d)

a Punnett square

5.

Which statement best supports why many offspring look similar to their parents?

a)

Offspring inherit traits from only one parent.

b)

Offspring inherit traits from both parents.

c)

Parents choose which traits to pass on to their offspring.

6.

A single gene has 3 or more alternative forms. These are called

a)

heterozygotes

b)

multiple alleles

c)

epistatic

d)

polygenic

7.

In mice, the homozygous dominant mice are black and homozygous recessive white. The heterozygous mice are gray. What pattern of inheritance is expressed in fur color in mice?

a)

complete dominance and recessiveness

b)

co-dominance

c)

incomplete dominance

d)

pleiotropy

8.
If this image were real, it would represent what type of inheritance?
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
polygenic inheritance
d)
compete dominance
9.

AB blood type is an example of what type of inheritance?

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

codominance

d)

polygenic inheritance

10.
A red flowered plant (RR) breeds with a White flowered plant (WW). The gene for petal color in these plants expresses incomplete dominance.  What percentage of the offspring will have pink (RW) flowers?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
11.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
12.
What you see, or the physical appearance.
a)
Genotype
b)
Phenotype
c)
Homozygous
d)
Heterozygous
13.
This is an example of ___________?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Co-Dominance
14.
What type of inheritance is shown?
a)
complete
b)
incomplete
c)
codominance
d)
sex-linked
15.
Blood types are an example of co dominance and
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
sex linked traits
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenics
16.

Which of the following is a Homozygous Dominant Genotype?

a)

Yy

b)

XX

c)

zz

17.

Which of the following is a homozygous recessive genotype?

a)

HH

b)

dd

c)

Aa

18.

Fill in the Yellow Box

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

19.

Fill in the Yellow Box

a)

Bb

b)

BB

c)

bb

20.
Dominant or recessive?
tt
a)
Dominant 
b)
Recessive
21.
Dominant or recessive?
Dd
a)
Dominant
b)
recessive
c)
neither
d)
homozygous
22.
Looking at this pedigree, how many female family members are carriers?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
10
d)
7
23.
What genotype is missing from this Punnett Square?
a)
RrYy
b)
RRYY
c)
rryy
d)
RrYY
24.

How many phenotypes are there in ABO blood types?

a)

3

b)

4

c)

6

d)

12

25.

John is heterozygous blood type A and Jill is heterozygous blood type B. What is the genotype ratio of possible offspring?

a)

1/4 - IAIO 1/4 - IBIO 1/4 - IAIB 1/4 - IOIO

b)

1/8 - IAIO 1/8 - IBIO 1/8 - IAIB 1/8 - IOIO

c)

3/4 - IAIB 1/4 - IOIO

d)

2/4 - IAIO 2/4 - IBIO

26.
What is a genome?
a)
The complete haploid amount of genetic material present in a cell or organism
b)
A garden ornament 
c)
The sum of all human material.
d)
A totally unique set of genetic material not shared with anything else
27.
The study of the genome is known as
a)
Biology
b)
Genomics
c)
Genes
d)
Heredity
28.
What year was the Human Genome Project (HGP) started?
a)
1990
b)
1999
c)
2003
d)
1987
29.
The main goal of the Human Genome Project (HGP) was to:
a)
Identify the unique parts of each person's DNA.
b)
Identify genes responsible for human diseases.
c)
Identify genes responsible for human behavior.
d)
Determine the entire sequence of human DNA.
30.
What is DNA sequencing?
a)
The total of genes carried by an individual or cell
b)
Coding genes in order to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms
c)
Deciphering the functions of various parts of the human genome
d)
The process of identifying the order of the bases in DNA
31.
Which best describes the impact that the Human Genome Project (HGP) has had on society?
a)
It has helped scientists determine that certain genes can cause diseases 
b)
It has led to discrimination against genetically flawed individuals
c)
It has led to the appearance of new diseases
d)
It has cost society billions of dollars without any major benefits
32.
The genomes of two unrelated humans are ___% the same.
a)
90.0
b)
0.1%
c)
78%
d)
99.9%
33.
Identify an application of genetic sequencing below:
a)
Improved and more accurate diagnosis of inherited disorders due to single genes
b)
Providing personalised medication and treatment depending on the genetic combination
c)
Determine evolutionary relationships between species
d)
All of the above
34.
A way to cure genetic disorders by inserting normal genes into cells with mutant genes.
a)
gene therapy
b)
genomics
c)
life enhancing drugs
d)
magic
35.
Inserting normal genes into cells with mutant genes, result in treatment or cures for some genetic disorders
a)
gene therapy
b)
genetic trait
c)
nondisjunction 
d)
animal cells
36.
Who is the father of evolution?
a)
Darwin
b)
Mendel
c)
Newton
d)
Einstein
37.
When all of the organisms of a species have died it is called
a)
evolution
b)
extinction
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
38.
Over time, adaptions can lead populations to experience 
a)
environmental changes
b)
genetic changes
c)
geological changes
d)
extinction
39.
To adjust to a changing environment
a)
Mutation
b)
Adapt
40.
Which statement is true about the fossil record?
a)
It is a record of all living things
b)
It shows how our climate has remained the same over time
c)
It provides evidence for history of life on Earth
d)
It does not support the theory of evolution
41.
The goal of every species on earth is...
a)
to survive and reproduce 
b)
divide and conquer 
c)
survive and conquer 
d)
reproduce and die 
42.
Charles Darwin’s observation that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics supports the hypothesis that these finches 
 
a)
have the ability to interbreed.
have the ability to interbreed.
b)
acquired traits through use and disuse.
c)
all eat the same type of food.
d)
descended from a common ancestor.
43.

The process by which organisms that are best suited to a particular environment survive and reproduce

a)

natural selection

b)

evolution

c)

genetic drift

44.

If birds with short thick beaks are better at getting food in a specific environment, what do you expect the population to look like in 50 years?

a)

there will be no change in beak shape

b)

all of that species of birds will have died off

c)

most birds will have short thick beaks

d)

every bird will have short thick beaks

45.
What is embryology?
a)
         Adaptation.
b)
The study of fetus and embryo development, and fertilization.
c)
           Evolution.
d)
 The study of fossils.
46.

How does embryology support the Theory of Evolution?

a)

It shows that they have a common ancestor because of their similarities in fetal development.

b)

I'm not sure.

c)

Animals change over time.

d)

It does not support anything.

47.
The webbed feet of ducks developed over time in a process called ______________.
a)
natural selection
b)
selecting agent
c)
variation
d)
evolution
48.
Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with comparing similar structures in various species?
a)
fossil record
b)
comparing embryology
c)
comparing biochemistry
d)
comparing anatomy
49.

This theory proposes that variability exists in a population and that the environment acts on this variation so that only the fittest individuals survive and reproduce

a)

theory of natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

evolution

d)

theory of acquired characteristics

50.

The breeding of organisms for a specific and desirable trait

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

c)

evolution

d)

acquired characteristics

51.

What is this an example of?

a)

theory of natural selection

b)

theory of acquired characteristics

52.

What is "survival of the fittest"?

a)

Being the strongest

b)

Being able to survive your environment and produce offspring

c)

Being the smartest

d)

Being able to collect as much resources as possible

53.

When nature selects and species with beneficial adaptation survive and produce offspring

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

54.

When humans select desirable traits to be passed down to offspring

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

55.

What is this an example of?

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

56.

What is this an example of?

a)

natural selection

b)

artificial selection

57.
The evolution of an ancestral species into an array of species that occupy different niches
a)
convergent evolution
b)
coevolution
c)
speciation
d)
adaptive radiation
58.
A single species that has evolved into several different forms that live in different ways has undergone
a)
adaptive radiation.
b)
coevolution.
c)
punctuated equilibrium.
d)
mass extinction.
59.
What is convergent evolution?
a)
evolution toward similar traits in unrelated species
b)
evolution toward different traits in closely related species
c)
elimination of a species from Earth
d)
the rise of two or more species from one existing species
60.
Sharks and dolphins both have streamlined bodies that allow them to move through water efficiently, this is an example of which type of evolution?
a)
Divergent
b)
Coevolution
c)
Convergent
d)
Artificial
61.
In convergent evolution, organisms share physical similarities because they 
a)
have a common ancestor
b)
live in similar environments
c)
develop homologous structures
d)
are closely related 
62.
 What type of evolution is demonstrated in this photo?
a)
Coevolution
b)
Convergent evolution
c)
Punctuated evolution
d)
Gradualistic evolution
63.

This picture shows what type of evolution?

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

64.

The Rough-skinned newt produces a potent neurotoxin that concentrates in their skin. Garter snakes, have evolved resistance to this toxin through a series of genetic mutations, and prey upon the newts. What type of evolution is this an example of?

a)

Phyletic Speciation

b)

Adaptive Radiation

c)

Convergent Evoltion

d)

Divergent Evoltuion

e)

Co-evolution

65.

The three species pictured share a common ancestor and have adapted so that each lives in a different environment. This is an example of

a)

Law of Superposition

b)

Evolutionary Arms Race

c)

Divergent Evolution

d)

Convergent Evolution

66.

By what mechanism did the anoles on Puerto Rico diverge to occupy species specific niches?

a)

Adaptive Radiation

b)

Artificial Selection

c)

Stabilizing Natural Selection

d)

Coevolution

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