Worksheets2nd Sem Exam Review - HBio
Total questions: 129
Worksheet time: 2hrs 19mins
Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called
replication
meiosis
mitosis
binary fission
Select ALL stages of Interphase
G1
S
G2
Mitosis
Humans have 46 chromosomes. So somatic (body cells) would have ____ and gametes would have ___.
23; 46
46; 92
46; 23
92; 46
After mitosis is complete, the new cells:
are all identical
are half identical and half different
are all different
are all stretched out
Which of the following is/are results of the cell cycle ?
growth
repair of damaged cells
replacement of dying cells.
All of the above
What is Apoptosis?
Cell programmed Death
Inflammation of cell
Phagocytosis
Plasmolysis
Mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue.
growth factor
human growth hormone
cancer
tumor
Which is a function of cyclins?
regulate gene expression by turning genes on and off
repair DNA in the beginning of cell cycle through base pairing
regulate the cell cycle by initiating events of mitosis
stop cells in Go and prevent them from dividing
Stem cells are
undifferentiated or unspecialized cells in the body.
differentiated or specialized cells in the body.
only found in the inner mass cells of blastocyst
only found in a fetus
CROSSING OVER INCREASES
LIFE SPAN
GENETIC VARIATION
THE NUMBER OF OFF-SPRING
ALL ARE TRUE
WHAT TYPE OF CELLS STORE THE GENETIC INFORMATION THAT IS PASSED TO OFF-SPRING
BODY CELLS
MITOSIS
EGG
SPERM
EGG AND SPERM
MEIOSIS PRODUCES 4 CELLS-THE CHROMOSOME NUMBER IS ...
DIPLOID
HAPLOID
NORMAL HUMANS HAVE 46 CHROMOSOMES, HOW MANY WILL THE GERM CELLS HAVE AFTER MEIOSIS?
46
23
12
92
What does heterozygous mean?
Mendel developed the law of ________________ which states that during the production of gametes, the two hereditary factors for each trait separate
dominance
segregation
fertilization
Rr X Rr
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
AB, aB
Ab, AB, ab
Ab
AB, aB, ab, aB
A male beetle has the genotype Ttbb. If this beetle mates with a female with genotype TTBb, what is the chance their offspring will have the genotype TtBb?
3/16
4/16
8/16
12/16
If a woman is a carrier for an X-linked recessive trait of hemophilia and her husband has hemophilia, which of the following is true?
All sons will have hemophilia but daughters would not have hemophilia
all daughters will have hemophilia
50% of daughters and 50% of sons could have hemophilia
100% of sons could have hemophilia and 100% of daughters could be carriers
If a female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes (XRXr) crossed with a white-eyed male (XrY), what percent of their offspring would have white eyes?
0%
25%
50%
75%
This pedigree shows a ___ trait.
sex-linked dominant
sex-linked recessive
autosomal dominant
autosomal recessive
This pedigree represents the inheritance of hemophilia in this family. What is the genotype of II-2?
XHXh
XhXh
XHXH
Hh
XHY
The pedigree above is an example of:
dominant
recessive
What is the genotype of individual IV – 2 If this is a dominant, autosomal pedigree?
HH
Hh
hh
This is a recessive disease pedigree. What is the genotype of the II-4?
Rr
RR
rr
R?
This is a recessive disease pedigree. What is the genotype of the III-2?
Rr
RR
rr
R?
A mom has blood type A. She and her husband have three kids who are type O, type A and type AB. What is the dad's genotype?
IᴬIᴬ
IᴮIᴮ
IᴬIᴮ
ii
Hershey and Chase labelled the DNA (with radioactive phosphorous) and protein (with radioactive sulfur) components of viruses and let the viruses infect the bacterial What were the results?
radioactive sulfur was inside the cell
radioactive phosphorus was inside the cell
neither were inside the cell
X-ray diffraction showed us that DNA helical. This helped us figure out DNA's
function
structure
location
composition
Bacterial use DNA to transform. Because the new traits acquired through transformation are passed on to future generations, this tells us that
DNA controls heredity
DNA is made of two strands of nucleotides
viruses inject DNA into cells.
mice die when injected with virulent DNA
5'-ATGCCAT-3'
What is the first step of DNA Replication?
DNA Helicase unwinds the DNA strands
RNA polymerase adds nucleotides
DNA polymerase adds nucleotides
DNA Helicase zips up/closes up DNA
Base pairing is used to...
Choose all that apply.
copy a DNA molecule
copy a gene into mRNA
bring the correct amino acid to the ribosome
unravel DNA
edit mRNA molecules
DNA's diameter is consistent because
purines pair with pyrimidines
purines pair with other pyrimidines
the sugar and phosphate are in the backbone
DNA is helical
GTAGTCA
What is the location in the cell for translation?
nucleus
mitochondria
cytoplasm
chloroplast
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
Anticodon
Codon
Protein
DNA
A scientist wants to test the ability of various cleaners to kill bacteria on a surface. What is a control for this experiment?
type of cleaner
How long the cleaner is allowed to sit on the surface
checking the bacterial growth without any cleaner used
the number of cleaners tested
the amount of bacteria on the surface after cleaning
Which of the following statements is false?
DNA uses thymine, while RNA uses uracil
DNA and RNA utilize different sugars in their sugar-phosphate backbones
DNA is typically double-stranded, while RNA is typically single-stranded
DNA and RNA are about the same size.
Which of the following is true about fermentation ?
It is a fast process
It allows organisms to live in places with little oxygen
it functions to keep glycolysis going by replenishing NAD+
all of the above
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain?
to use oxygen
to make water
to empty electron carriers
to make lots of ATP
to make glucose
In aerobic respiration, what is the function of the Kreb's cycle? (aka citric acid cycle)
To make carbon dioxide
to get rid of pyruvate
to load lots of electron carriers
to use oxygen
to recycle citric acid
In aerobic respiration, what is the main purpose of glycolysis?
Break down glucose to get rid of it
Break down glucose to get 2 ATP
Break down glucose to get 2 pyruvate
Make glucose
Why does the electron transport chain need to occur on membranes?
so it can build a concentration gradient of H+
so it can build a concentration gradient of electrons
so it can control the amount of water inside the membrane
so they can store the glucose that's made
What is the electron acceptor in the electron transport chain of photosynthesis? (What removes the electron from the chain, making room for more electrons?)
oxygen
water
glucose
carbon dioxide
NADP+
In green plants, the primary function of the Calvin cycle is to
Use ATP to release carbon
Split water to release oxygen.
Make simple sugars from carbon dioxide.
Use NADPH to release carbon
In the light reactions, Photosystem II absorbs energy and sends through an electron transport chain. What supplies the electron that is lost in Photosystem II?
oxygen
water
glucose
carbon dioxide
NADPH
What are the products to the light reactions?
Sunlight and Oxygen
Sunlight and Water
ATP, NADPH and Oxygen
ADP, NADP+ and Oxygen
The gradual change the genetic make up of a population over time is...
Mutation
Critter A--> ATG CTT AAC CCG TTA
Critter B--> ATC GTT TTC CCG TAA
Critter C--> ATG CTA TAG GCG TAA
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to their niche survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?
What type of structures are shown?
Homologous
Analogous
Vestigial
Heterologous
All dogs have the common ancestor the wolf. This is an example of -
divergent evolution
convergent evolution
Remains of ancient organisms are called
Extinctions
Fossils
Mutations
Variations
Which 3 organisms have Four walking legs? Select 3
leopard
salamander
turtle
tuna
Male birds of paradise have extremely long, showy tail feathers. Which of the following statements best
describes a selective advantage for having this trait?
The bird attracts more females and therefore mates more frequently.
The bird is easier for predators to spot.
Mutations are a change in what?
DNA
tRNA
protein
rRNA
Mutations are important because they bring about
death of the organism in which they develop
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
benefits for the individual, not for the population
changes in genotype, but not phenotype
Two populations of the same species are separated by land barriers like rivers or mountains.
geographical isolation
temporal isolation
adaptive ratiation
behavioral isolaton
Why has antibiotic resistance evolved in bacteria?
Bacteria reproduce quickly
Bacteria with a resistance to the antibiotic, passed that trait to offspring
Bacteria that are resistant reproduce faster than non resistant strains
Bacteria exposed to antibiotics develop a resistance to them
Genetic drift is change in the allele frequency of a population due to...
random chance
natural selection
non-random mating (sexual selection)
artificial selection
When members of two populations cannot successfully reproduce.
reproductive isolation
lonely isolation
convergent isolation
genetic drift
mutation
Organisms in the Animalia kingdom are
multicellular and heterotrophic
multicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and autotrophic
unicellular and heterotrophic
What do plants and animals have in common?
both are heterotrophic
both are autotrophic
both are prokaryotic
both are eukaryotic
