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WorksheetsBiology Topic 1
Total questions: 155
Worksheet time: 1hrs 18mins
Sweating when it is hot outside is an example of which characteristic of life?
responding to the environment
using energy
reproducing
growing and developing
Which is biotic?
water
temperature
beeswax
rocks
Which term best describes the temperature and weather conditions of an organism’s environment?
biotic factors
natural resources
natural habitat
abiotic factors
How were Redi’s and Pasteur’s experiments similar?
Both studied the growth of microbes in broth.
Both studied flies emerging from meat.
Both tested the idea of spontaneous generation.
Both tested whether pasteurization kills microorganisms.
Which occurs when the body responds to the environment by maintaining a stable internal environment despite changing external conditions?
spontaneous generation
homeostasis
growth and development
reproduction
Which characteristic of life best describes the process of photosynthesis?
using energy
containing cells
reproducing
growing and developing
The excretions of living organisms are best categorized as which type of factor in an environment?
biotic
abiotic
living
nonliving
Which term best describes an organism that can contain up to five levels of organization to carry out life functions?
multicellular
unicellular
abiotic
biotic
Which is one of the five characteristics of life?
having organs
containing tissues
growing and developing
spontaneously generating
Which would best be described as abiotic?
water in a stream
fish in a stream
bacteria in the soil
roots in the soil
Which element provides strength to the exoskeletons of clams and oysters?
sulfur
oxygen
hydrogen
phosphorus
Which term describes a pure substance that is made up of only one type of atom?
element
compound
rock
matter
Which organisms transform nitrogen to a form that is useful to plants?
bacteria
animals
fungi
humans
Which statement correctly describes glucose (C6H12O6)?
It is an atom made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
It is made of matter and contains twenty-four molecules.
It is a compound made of twenty-four total atoms.
It is an element made of three types of atoms.
Which is the central element for all living things?
hydrogen
carbon
oxygen
nitrogen
What is the basic unit of matter?
molecule
gas
compound
atom
Where is the best place to find information about the hazards that are associated with a compound?
Look in a lab hazard log in the classroom.
Read a website about toxic substances.
Ask a classmate or friend.
Read a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
Before using any chemical in the lab, why should one first read the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)?
The MSDS provides information on safe handling of the chemical.
The MSDS explains where the chemical can be purchased.
The MSDS provides the chemical formula for the substance.
The MSDS describes how the chemical will react with other substances.
Students are each given a 20-gram sample of an unknown solid compound in a clear plastic bag. They are instructed to break the material into smaller parts by gently hitting it with a hammer. Some of the parts break into large chunks and some look like a fine powder.
Which statement correctly describes these broken pieces of the sample?
The fine powder pieces are individual atoms broken from the solid.
The larger pieces are still compounds and the smaller pieces are elements.
Each piece contains the same number of atoms.
Each piece contains the same proportion of different elements.
Which element is considered the most versatile element in living organisms and why?
carbon, because it provides strength to the important protein, keratin
hydrogen, because it provides most of the mass of human bodies
carbon, because it can bond with many elements to form complex molecules
hydrogen, because it can be found in both organic and inorganic molecules
A new organism is discovered at the bottom of the ocean. A scientist is determining the composition of elements found in the tissues of the organism.
Which elements will most likely be found?
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
carbon, nitrogen, aluminum, and gold
silver, gold, argentum, and sulfur
carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and argentum
Which is one of the six fundamental elements that are found in living organisms?
helium
sodium
oxygen
chlorine
Which organisms transform nitrogen to a form that is useful to plants?
animals
bacteria
fungi
humans
Where is the best place to find information about the hazards that are associated with a compound?
Ask a classmate or friend.
Read a website about toxic substances.
Look in a lab hazard log in the classroom.
Read a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS).
Which element is considered the most versatile element in living organisms and why?
hydrogen, because it provides most of the mass of human bodies
hydrogen, because it can be found in both organic and inorganic molecules
carbon, because it can bond with many elements to form complex molecules
carbon, because it provides strength to the important protein, keratin
Which of these elements is found in both carbohydrates and water?
carbon
oxygen
nitrogen
helium
Students are each given a 20-gram sample of an unknown solid compound in a clear plastic bag. They are instructed to break the material into smaller parts by gently hitting it with a hammer. Some of the parts break into large chunks and some look like a fine powder.
Which statement correctly describes these broken pieces of the sample?
The fine powder pieces are individual atoms broken from the solid.
The larger pieces are still compounds and the smaller pieces are elements.
Each piece contains the same number of atoms.
Each piece contains the same proportion of different elements.
Which is a key component of the energy molecule ATP?
sodium
phosphorus
chlorine
sulfur
The table below shows the amount of carbohydrates in same-size servings of different fruits.
Among apples, cherries, oranges, and watermelons, a serving of which fruit would raise the level of sugar in blood by the least amount?
oranges
apples
cherries
watermelons
Which provides long-term energy storage?
glycogen, because it is a polysaccharide
glucagon, because it is a complex protein
glucose, because it is a monosaccharide
cellulose, because it is a complex carbohydrate
What will most likely happen if a person does not consume the minimum daily requirement of carbohydrates?
The body will break down chitin from the bones.
The body will break down glycogen from the liver.
The body will break down glucose from the blood.
The body will break down galactose from the pancreas.
Which statement best describes both insulin and glucagon?
They both provide structural support, but only insulin is a carbohydrate.
They both store energy, but only glucagon is a carbohydrate.
They are both hormones that regulate blood-sugar levels.
They are both hormones that help fight disease.
Which is a disaccharide?
glucose
fructose
sucrose
cellulose
The shrimp in the photograph are small crustaceans, related to lobsters and crabs.
Which specialized carbohydrate is used in shrimp exoskeletons?
cellulose
chitin
glycogen
glucagon
Living organisms break down polysaccharides into
simple sugars.
complex monomers.
complex carbohydrates.
simple polymers.
People with diabetes often receive insulin injections. What effect does insulin have on the body?
It raises blood-sugar levels.
It raises glucagon levels.
It lowers blood-sugar levels.
It lowers glucagon levels.
The table below shows the amount of carbohydrates in similar servings of different fruits.
If this data was placed in a bar graph, which statement would describe the graph?
The graph would have only four bars shorter than the bar for grapefruits.
The graph would have five bars taller than the bar for apples.
The graph would have grapefruits and oranges as the tallest bars.
The graph would have only one bar shorter than the bar for peaches.
Which is a main function of lipids?
providing energy storage
transmitting genetic information
forming bone and muscles
fighting infection and disease
Lipids exhibit different characteristics based on their structures. The image shows different examples of lipids, such as solid butter and liquid canola oil.
Which type of bond is found in many carbon-to-carbon bonds in canola oil, but very few carbon-to-carbon bonds in butter?
C–C
C=C
C=H
C–H
Which fat has only single bonds between the carbon atoms in the fatty acid?
saturated
unsaturated
polyunsaturated
monounsaturated
If a carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and two carbon atoms, what type of bond must exist between the carbon atoms?
single
double
triple
quadruple
Which is a component of a phospholipid?
carbon ring
hydrophilic head
long-chain alcohol
amino acid
The diagram shows the general structure of a lipid, which consists of two main parts.
Which part is circled?
alcohol group
carboxyl group
unsaturated lipid
fatty acid
Which lipid acts as a chemical messenger?
beeswax
cholesterol
testosterone
adipose tissue
Where is most of a healthy person’s fat stored?
under the skin and around organs
in muscle tissue and cartilage
inside organs and skin cells
in the stomach and liver
Which statement best describes a direct result of damage to a phospholipid bilayer?
A person would be vulnerable to disease because the phospholipid bilayer helps to fight infections in the body.
Chemical messages could not be sent to different parts of the body because the phospholipid bilayer forms hormones.
Energy storage will be disrupted because the phospholipid bilayer is responsible for storing energy in the body.
The balance of ions inside a cell will be disrupted and proteins could leak out because the phospholipid bilayer forms the cell membrane.
Which is one function of steroids?
waterproofing leaves and feathers
insulating and protecting bones and organs
serving as chemical messengers
providing energy storage
What effect has breast cancer research had on society?
People who have gene mutations have more treatment options.
People now face an increased risk of breast cancer.
The complete history of breast cancer is now known.
Breast cancer research has no impact outside of a lab.
Which element is found in nucleic acids but not in amino acids?
carbon
hydrogen
nitrogen
phosphorus
Who first identified nucleic acids, and where were they discovered?
Friedrich Meischer discovered nucleic acids in blood cells.
Phoebus Levine discovered nucleic acids in plant cells.
James Watson and Francis Crick discovered nucleic acids in DNA.
Gerardus Johannes Mulder discovered nucleic acids in bacterial cells.
How many amino acids must be obtained in the diet because they cannot be made by the body?
2
5
10
20
Lactase is an enzyme that is produced in the lining of the intestines. This enzyme helps the body speed up the breakdown of carbohydrates that are found in dairy products, such as milk, yogurt, and cheese.
Which general function does lactase perform?
fighting disease
creating movement
regulating cell processes
sending chemical messages
Which three components are common to all amino acids
an amino group, a carboxyl group, and an R group
a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
an amino group, a phosphate group, and an R group
a five-carbon sugar, an amino group, and a nitrogenous base
DNA and RNA share a number of similarities, but they also differ in certain aspects of their structure.
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but is not found in DNA?
uracil
adenine
thymine
cytosine
Which statement is true about BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes?
These genes were discovered in 1953.
Cancerous tumors often form on these genes.
People can be tested for mutations on these genes.
Mutations of these genes lead to diabetes.
How many amino acids are found in living organisms?
2
5
10
20
Which statement best distinguishes plants and animals as they relate to amino acids?
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants or animals to obtain some of these amino acids.
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants to obtain all of these amino acids.
Plants can only synthesize ten amino acids. Humans synthesize the other ten amino acids.
Plants and humans both synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must supplement a few of these by eating animals.
Which is a function of nucleic acids?
create movement
provide structure
store genetic information
fight disease
Which component makes each amino acid unique?
amino group
carboxyl group
R group
phosphate group
Which pair of statements best describes an essential amino acid?
It is an amino acid that contains peptide bonds. An example is proline.
It is an amino acid that contains nitrogen. An example is aspartic acid.
It is an amino acid that cannot be made by the body. It must be obtained from eating certain foods.
It is an amino acid that can be produced by the body. Vitamin supplements maintain healthy levels.
Which protein serves as a chemical messenger?
hemoglobin
actin
myosin
insulin
Which statement does not support the endosymbiotic theory?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduce independently from the cell.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA that resembles bacterial DNA.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are much larger than prokaryotic cells.
A scientist is studying a cell and can clearly see that it has ribosomes and mitochondria. Which statement bestdescribes how the cell could be classified?
The cell is eukaryotic because it contains ribosomes.
The cell is eukaryotic because it contains mitochondria.
The cell is prokaryotic because it contains mitochondria.
The cell is prokaryotic because it contains ribosomes.
A diseased cell is no longer able to produce proteins. Which cell structure is most likely malfunctioning?
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosome
mitochondrion
A student wonders whether removing the nucleus from a cell would result in a new prokaryotic cell. Why would this procedure fail to produce a prokaryotic cell?
The cell would lack genetic information.
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to produce energy.
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to protect the cell’s organelles.
The cell would lack control over materials that move into and out of the cell.
In which specimen were cells first identified?
microorganism
cork bark
DNA
mitochondrion
A chemical has been found to harm the same components in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which components are those?
DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
DNA, cell membrane, ribosomes, and membrane-bound organelles
DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and nucleus
DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and membrane-bound organelles
Based on the endosymbiotic theory, what cell would result from the endosymbiosis of a cell with a cyanobacterium?
a eukaryotic cell that can make its own food
a prokaryotic cell that can make its own food
an aerobic bacterium
an anaerobic bacterium
Which best describes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)?
Mitochondrial DNA is the same as nuclear DNA.
Mitochondrial DNA is inherited through the father.
Mitochondrial DNA can be traced for generations.
Mitochondrial DNA requires large amounts for testing.
The discovery of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) had no effect on which area of scientific investigation?
forensic science
inheritance research
endosymbiotic theory
study of cork bark
Which cell structure serves the stated function in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
cytoplasm: protects cell structures
nucleus: stores genetic material
ribosomes: regulate cell processes
DNA: surrounds cell contents
Consider this plant cell.
Which organelle is labeled A?
ribosome
nucleus
vacuole
mitochondrion
Consider this plant cell.
Which organelle is labeled G?
cytoplasm
cell wall
vacuole
cell membrane
Consider this plant cell.
Which organelle is labeled I?
nucleus
mitochondrion
ribosome
chloroplast
Consider this animal cell.
Which organelle is labeled A?
mitochondrion
ribosome
lysosome
Golgi apparatus
Consider this animal cell.
Which organelle is labeled F?
to temporarily store water, waste products, food, and other cellular material
to produce proteins for the cell
to move proteins and other substances through the cell
to contain digestive enzymes that break down waste material and debris in the cell
Which statement about vacuoles is true?
Vacuoles are larger in plant cells than in animal cells.
Only plant cells contain vacuoles.
Only animal cells contain vacuoles.
Vacuoles are larger in animal cells than in plant cells.
What function do chloroplasts perform?
They use light energy to make food for the plant.
They control the activities in the cell.
They produce proteins for the cell.
They provide temporary storage for the plant’s water.
Which plant-cell organelle supports and maintains the cell's shape and protects the cell from damage?
cell membrane
cell wall
chloroplast
vacuole
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down waste material and debris in the cell?
lysosome
ribosome
vacuole
chloroplast
Which organelle packages and distributes proteins that are received from the endoplasmic reticulum?
vacuole
cytoplasm
Golgi apparatus
ribosome
Which organelle captures the energy from sunlight and converts it to chemical energy, and in which cells could it be found?
the Golgi apparatus, which can be found in lung cells of animals
lysosomes, which can be found in all cells of grasses
ribosomes, which can be found in muscle cells of humans
chloroplasts, which can be found in leaf cells of trees
Which term describes an extensive network of tubes, sacs, and vesicles throughout a cell that provides transport as its main function?
cell membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
centriole
cell wall
Consider this animal cell.
What is the function of the small, dark organelles labeled E?
They contain enzymes for the digestion of old cell parts.
They regulate what enters and leaves the cell.
They produce proteins for the cell.
They store water and other materials.
Consider this animal cell.
Which organelle is responsible for producing the energy for cellular processes?
organelle A
organelle E
organelle F
organelle G
A scientist is comparing the outer structure of an onion cell, structure X, to the outer structure of a human skin cell, structure Y. Which generalization is true about the types of structures being examined?
Structure X is not living, and structure Y is living.
Structure X can be found in some human cells, and structure Y can be found in some plant cells.
Structure X is only found in plant cells, and structure Y is found in plant and animal cells.
Structure X is semipermeable, and structure Y is selectively permeable.
Consider the cell structure that is shown below.
Which is a function of the structure that is represented in the image?
controls the movement of substances into and out of cells
builds proteins from amino acids
helps in determining plant cell shape
provides support and protection
Which organelle is used as temporary storage for water, waste products, food, and other cellular material?
mitochondrion
lysosome
centriole
vacuole
Which statement is true about a cell wall but not a cell membrane?
It forms the outer layer of a cell.
It gives an animal cell its shape.
It is selectively permeable.
It is made mostly of cellulose.
An animal cell (left) and a plant cell (right) are shown.
Which two cell parts are most likely found in both types of cell?
cell wall and cell membrane
lysosome and vacuole
vacuole and centriole
lysosome and chloroplast
A student constructs a Venn diagram to compare the organelles in plant and animal cells.
Which organelle should be listed under “Plant Only” in the diagram?
centriole
chloroplast
vacuole
lysosome
Which solution would most likely cause a plant placed in it to become firmer and more rigid?
hypotonic
hypertonic
isotonic
osmotic
Which best describes dynamic equilibrium?
A concentration gradient is forcing water out of the cell and particles into the cell.
Particles are moving into and out of the cell, but their concentrations remain stable.
There is an uneven distribution of particles inside and outside the cell.
There is a difference in concentration on either side of the cell membrane.
Which best describes the difference between osmosis and diffusion?
Osmosis is the movement of particles from a high to a low particle concentration, while diffusion is the movement of water from a high to a low water concentration.
Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high to low particle concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from a high to a low water concentration.
Diffusion is the movement of particles from a low to a high particle concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from a low to a high water concentration.
Osmosis is the movement of particles from a low to a high particle concentration, while diffusion is the movement of water from a low to a high water concentration.
How does the contractile vacuole in a single-celled organism function to maintain homeostasis?
It pumps solutes into the cell.
It pumps water into the cell.
It pumps water out of the cell.
It pumps solutes out of the cell.
Which statement describes the ability of the cell membrane to allow various substance to move through it?
The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
The cell membrane is composed of lipids and phosphates.
The cell membrane is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
The cell membrane is a bilayer structure.
Which homeostatic process requires energy to move particles across the plasma membrane?
osmosis
dynamic equilibrium
passive transport
active transport
Reptiles and birds excrete waste as an insoluble white solid that is called uric acid. How does this help them to maintain internal homeostasis in hot climates?
by retaining water
by conserving energy
by reducing body temperature
by maintaining heart rate
Which homeostatic process moves particles against a concentration gradient?
osmosis
active transport
passive transport
dynamic equilibrium
The data in the graph are the result of a paramecium being placed in a hypertonic salt solution.
What change would most improve the usefulness of the graph?
Replace the concentration descriptions with actual values.
Plot contractions per second instead of contractions per minute.
Remove the plotted points and just keep the line.
Remove the name of the organism from the title.
Which process is characterized by the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across the plasma membrane without the use of energy?
hypertonic transport
active transport
dynamic equilibrium
passive transport
Check all the characteristics below that describe elements.
one type of atom
a pure substance
more than one type of atom
chemically combined elements
Check all the characteristics below that describe compounds.
two or more elements
chemically combined elements
cannot be separated into a simpler form
definite proportions
one type of atom
Which of the below are fundamental elements found in living organisms?
sulfur (S)
water (H2O)
phosphorus (P)
nitrogen (N)
Iron (Fe)
Which is a disaccharide?
glucose
fructose
sucrose
cellulose
Jada wants to eat a meal that will sustain her energy during a long run. Which of these food items is the best source of long-term energy?
baked potato
grape juice
sugar cookie
strawberries
Which statement best describes both insulin and glucagon?
They are both hormones that help fight disease.
They both store energy, but only glucagon is a carbohydrate.
They are both hormones that regulate blood-sugar levels.
They both provide structural support, but only insulin is a carbohydrate.
Which statement about carbohydrates is true?
Carbohydrates regulate cell processes.
Carbohydrates fight disease.
Carbohydrates transmit genetic information.
Carbohydrates provide energy for living things.
Which provides long-term energy storage?
glycogen, because it is a polysaccharide
glucagon, because it is a complex protein
glucose, because it is a monosaccharide
cellulose, because it is a complex carbohydrate
People with diabetes often receive insulin injections. What effect does insulin have on the body?
It raises blood-sugar levels.
It lowers blood-sugar levels.
It raises glucagon levels.
It lowers glucagon levels.
In which form do plants store energy?
starch
glycogen
chitin
cellulose
Living organisms break down polysaccharides into
simple sugars.
complex monomers.
complex carbohydrates.
simple polymers.
Which describes the basic structure of a fatty acid?
a long carbon and hydrogen chain and a phosphate group
a long carbon and hydrogen chain and a glycerol
a long carbon and hydrogen chain and a carboxyl group
a long carbon and hydrogen chain and an alcohol
Which fat has only single bonds between the carbon atoms in the fatty acid?
saturated
unsaturated
polyunsaturated
monounsaturated
Where is most of a healthy person’s fat stored?
under the skin and around organs
in muscle tissue and cartilage
inside organs and skin cells
in the stomach and liver
Which is a main function of lipids?
forming bone and muscles
providing energy storage
fighting infection and disease
transmitting genetic information
Which statement is true?
Fats and lipids are unrelated.
Lipids are a type of fat.
All lipids are fats, and all fats are lipids.
Fats are a type of lipid.
A biologist is studying a structure that is made up of two layers of phospholipids.
What is she most likely studying?
DNA molecules
cell membranes
fats
wax
Which is a component of a phospholipid?
hydrophilic head
carbon ring
amino acid
long-chain alcohol
Which statement does not support the endosymbiotic theory?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts reproduce independently from the cell.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain their own ribosomes.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA that resembles bacterial DNA.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are much larger than prokaryotic cells.
Which statement is most likely to apply to a cell that has DNA within its cytoplasm?
It has membrane-bound organelles.
It lacks ribosomes.
It performs all functions for the organism.
It is multicellular.
A scientist is studying a cell and can clearly see that it has ribosomes and mitochondria. Which statement bestdescribes how the cell could be classified?
The cell is eukaryotic because it contains ribosomes.
The cell is prokaryotic because it contains mitochondria.
The cell is prokaryotic because it contains ribosomes.
The cell is eukaryotic because it contains mitochondria.
What is the basic unit of structure and function of all living organisms?
mitochondrion
DNA
nucleus
cell
Which discovery supported the endosymbiotic theory?
DNA in mitochondria
DNA in the cell nucleus
DNA in ribosomes
DNA in the cytoplasm
A diseased cell is no longer able to produce proteins. Which cell structure is most likely malfunctioning?
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosome
mitochondrion
The endosymbiotic theory helps to explain the origin of which structures?
mitochondria
ribosomes
nuclei
cell membranes
Based on the endosymbiotic theory, what cell would result from the endosymbiosis of a cell with a cyanobacterium?
a prokaryotic cell that can make its own food
an anaerobic bacterium
an aerobic bacterium
a eukaryotic cell that can make its own food
A student wonders whether removing the nucleus from a cell would result in a new prokaryotic cell. Why would this procedure fail to produce a prokaryotic cell?
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to protect the cell’s organelles.
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to produce energy.
The cell would lack genetic information.
The cell would lack control over materials that move into and out of the cell.
What is the entire object shown in the image?
prokaryote
eukaryote
chloroplast
mitochondrion
A chemical has been found to harm the same components in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which components are those?
DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and ribosomes
DNA, cell membrane, ribosomes, and membrane-bound organelles
DNA, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and nucleus
DNA, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and membrane-bound organelles
Which best describes mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)?
Mitochondrial DNA is inherited through the father.
Mitochondrial DNA can be traced for generations.
Mitochondrial DNA requires large amounts for testing.
Mitochondrial DNA is the same as nuclear DNA.
A student wonders whether removing the nucleus from a cell would result in a new prokaryotic cell. Why would this procedure fail to produce a prokaryotic cell?
The cell would lack genetic information.
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to produce energy.
The cell would lack the structure that is needed to protect the cell’s organelles.
The cell would lack control over materials that move into and out of the cell.
Which structure is unique to eukaryotic cells?
DNA
cell membrane
ribosomes
nucleus
Herbicides are being used to kill weeds in a nearby field. The plants absorb the herbicides from the soil. Which organelle in the plant will most likely store the absorbed herbicide waste?
ribosome
vacuole
chloroplast
mitochondrion
Consider this plant cell.
Which organelle is labeled I?
nucleus
mitochondrion
ribosome
chloroplast
Which statement about vacuoles is true?
Only plant cells contain vacuoles.
Only animal cells contain vacuoles.
Vacuoles are larger in plant cells than in animal cells.
Vacuoles are larger in animal cells than in plant cells.
Which plant-cell organelle supports and maintains the cell's shape and protects the cell from damage?
cell membrane
cell wall
chloroplast
vacuole
Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down waste material and debris in the cell?
lysosome
ribosome
vacuole
chloroplast
What function do chloroplasts perform?
They use light energy to make food for the plant.
They control the activities in the cell.
They produce proteins for the cell.
They provide temporary storage for the plant’s water.
Consider this animal cell.
Which organelle is labeled H?
cell membrane
cell wall
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
A student is examining leaf cells. Which organelles are most likely to be missing from the cells?
ribosomes
chloroplasts
lysosomes
mitochondria
Which is a structure that directs the cell's activities?
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
ribosomes
mitochondrion
Which statement about the cell membrane is true?
It prevents harmful substances from entering a cell.
It is present in animal cells only.
It contains cellulose and sugars that are involved in communication.
It is rigid and elastic for supporting the cell’s shape.
Which organelle is used as temporary storage for water, waste products, food, and other cellular material?
mitochondrion
lysosome
centriole
vacuole
Which statement is true about a cell wall but not a cell membrane?
It is selectively permeable.
It is made mostly of cellulose.
It gives an animal cell its shape.
It forms the outer layer of a cell.
Which term describes an extensive network of tubes, sacs, and vesicles throughout a cell that provides transport as its main function?
cell membrane
endoplasmic reticulum
centriole
cell wall
The data in the graph are the result of a paramecium being placed in a hypertonic salt solution.
What change would most improve the usefulness of the graph?
Replace the concentration descriptions with actual values.
Plot contractions per second instead of contractions per minute.
Remove the plotted points and just keep the line.
Remove the name of the organism from the title.
Which motion of particles across a membrane requires energy?
from high concentration to low concentration
from low concentration to high concentration
with no concentration gradient
through dynamic equilibrium
Which best describes the difference between osmosis and diffusion?
Osmosis is the movement of particles from a high to a low particle concentration, while diffusion is the movement of water from a high to a low water concentration.
Diffusion is the movement of particles from a high to low particle concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from a high to a low water concentration.
Diffusion is the movement of particles from a low to a high particle concentration, while osmosis is the movement of water from a low to a high water concentration.
Osmosis is the movement of particles from a low to a high particle concentration, while diffusion is the movement of water from a low to a high water concentration.
Which movement of particles would be most affected by a disorder that causes damage to carrier proteins?
osmosis
passive transport
active transport
diffusion
Which homeostatic process requires energy to move particles across the plasma membrane?
active transport
passive transport
dynamic equilibrium
osmosis
How does the contractile vacuole in a single-celled organism function to maintain homeostasis?
It pumps water into the cell.
It pumps water out of the cell.
It pumps solutes into the cell.
It pumps solutes out of the cell.
Which statement describes the ability of the cell membrane to allow various substance to move through it?
The cell membrane is composed of lipids and phosphates.
The cell membrane is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic.
The cell membrane is a bilayer structure.
The cell membrane is selectively permeable.
In which kind of solution is the concentration of solutes the same inside and outside of the cell?
isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic
concentrated
Which homeostatic process moves particles against a concentration gradient?
dynamic equilibrium
passive transport
osmosis
active transport
