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Science Review Practice

Total questions: 110

Worksheet time: 57mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which do the images represent?

a)

analogous structures

b)

embryological structures

c)

homologous structures

d)

vestigial structures

2.

Which is an example of a sudden change that could lead to the extinction of species?

a)

a mountain range isolates a species

b)

Earth's tectonic plates move

c)

a volcano erupts

d)

sea level changes

3.
All the animals to the right of the hagfish would have the common characteristic of -
a)
Fur
b)
Claws or nails
c)
Lungs
d)
Jaws
4.
Which two orgainsms have hair? 
a)
Sharks & Ray Finned Fish
b)
Primates & Rodents
c)
Birds & Crocodiles
d)
Rabbits & Birds
5.
T - tall and t = short
In the punnett square below, what belongs in the missing square
a)
tt
b)
Tt
c)
Bb
d)
TT
6.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
7.
A table of arachnid and insect characteristics is shown. Which characteristic could be used to distinguish between
arachnids and insects?
a)
Jointed legs
b)
Body segments
c)
Presence of eyes
d)
Presence of antennae
8.
A dichotomous key for trees is provided. Hikers found a tree that has large brown cones and single sharp needles. What species of tree have the hikers found?
a)
Juniper
b)
Pine
c)
Spruce
d)
Fir
9.

What type of fossil is pictured here?

a)

Mold fossil

b)

Trace fossil

c)

Cast fossil

d)

Body fossil

10.

What type of fossil is pictured here?

a)

Mold fossil

b)

Trace fossil

c)

Cast fossil

d)

Body fossil

11.

What type of fossil is pictured here?

a)

Mold fossil

b)

Trace fossil

c)

Cast fossil

d)

Body fossil

12.

Which statement is true?

a)

Layer C is the oldest

b)

Layer B is older than Layer A

c)

Layer B is older than Layer C

d)

Layer A is the youngest

13.

What is a wavelength?

a)

How many waves pass a certain point

b)

The distance from one wave crest to another

c)

The entire length of a wave

14.
When light hits something like a raindrop or a prism, it will...
a)
Be absorbed
b)
Refract, or bend
c)
Neither 
15.

What is the process called for how rainbows are formed?

a)

Reflection

b)

Refraction (bending)

c)

Transmission

d)

Scattering

16.

In order to make a rainbow, what is needed?

a)

Light

b)

Rain

c)

Leprechauns

d)

Surface

17.

The first major optical space telescope to be put into space was the

a)

Hubble Telescope

b)

Mir

c)

James Webb Space Telescope

d)

Voyager

18.

A small robotic space probe that can move about on the surface of a planet or moon is

a)

Orbiter

b)

Rover

c)

Space Station

d)

Apollo

19.

Unmanned space vehicles that take instruments into space to collect data are called

a)

Satellite

b)

Space Shuttle

c)

Rocket

d)

Space Probe

20.

A Telescope that uses a set of lenses to gather and focus light from distant objects is called a

a)

refracting telescope

b)

optical looking device

c)

spectroscope

d)

reflecting telescope

21.

A telescope that uses a curved mirror to gather and focus light from distant objects is called a ____________

a)

reflecting telescope

b)

refracting telescope

c)

spectroscope

d)

optical looking device

22.
The first satellite launched into space by Russia 
a)
Space Suit
b)
Sputnik
c)
ISS
d)
Astronaut
23.

According to the Big Bang Theory, what is happening to the size of the universe?

a)

The universe is growing

b)

The universe is shrinking

c)

The universe is staying the same size

d)

The universe rides on the back of four elephants, supported by a turtle.

24.

What does the BBT hypothesize about the size of the early universe?

a)

The universe used to be much much larger than it is today.

b)

The universe used to be a tiny speck of super-dense matter.

c)

The universe has always been the same size

25.

How old was the universe when the very first atoms started to form?

a)

Atoms formed at the instant of the Big Bang

b)

Atoms formed a few hundred million years after the Big Bang

c)

Atoms formed in the first seconds after the Big Bang

d)

Atoms still haven't formed. We can't see them, so they don't exist.

26.

What is a galaxy?

a)

Like a solar system, but made of dust

b)

A cluster of thousands of stars all floating together in space

c)

A cellphone made by the Nokia company

d)

A grouping of hundreds of millions of stars held together by gravity

27.

What is the name of our home galaxy?

a)

The Snickers

b)

The Milky Way

c)

The Twix

d)

The Baby Ruth

28.

Which of the following objects is the biggest?

a)

Solar system

b)

Universe

c)

Galaxy

d)

Star

29.

Which of the following objects is the biggest?

a)

Jaws the goldfish

b)

Galaxy cluster

c)

Solar system

d)

Galaxy

30.

Which of the following objects is the biggest?

a)

Galaxy

b)

Star

c)

Planet

d)

Solar system

31.

Which of the following objects is the biggest?

a)

Star

b)

Solar system

c)

Planet

d)

Jaws the goldfish

32.

Which of the following objects is the biggest?

a)

Star

b)

Planet

c)

Jaws the goldfish

d)

Two bears high-fiving each other

33.

What is Hubble's Law?

a)

The farther away a galaxy is from us, the faster it moves away from us.

b)

The farther away a galaxy is from us, the slower it moves away from us.

c)

The closer a galaxy is to us, the faster it moves away from us.

d)

The more red light we observe from another galaxy, the closer we are to that galaxy

34.

If a galaxy is moving very quickly away from us, the light we receive from that galaxy will be:

a)

more red

b)

more blue

c)

more green

d)

more yellow

35.

If an object is making noise and moving quickly towards us, we will observe:

a)

the pitch of the noise will be higher than if the object wasn't moving

b)

the pitch of the noise will be lower than if the object wasn't moving

c)

the volume of the noise will be louder than if the object wasn't moving

d)

the volume of the noise will be softer than if the object wasn't moving

36.

What shape is Earth's orbit?

a)

circle

b)

ellipse

c)

square

d)

spiral

37.

What is Kepler's 1st law?

a)

The planets orbit in an ellipse

b)

The plants move faster when they are closer to the sun and slower when they are further from the sun

c)

The farther a planet is from the sun the slower the orbit

(P2 = a3)

38.

What is Kepler's 2nd law?

a)

The planets orbit in an ellipse

b)

The plants move faster when they are closer to the sun and slower when they are further from the sun

c)

The farther a planet is from the sun the slower the orbit

(P2 = a3)

39.

Galaxies are colossal collections of stars, gas & dust held together by _____.

a)

space/time

b)

gravity

c)

black holes

d)

dark matter

40.

What is the name of the Supercluster where the Milky Way is found?

a)

Scorpio Supercluster

b)

Aries Supercluster

c)

Libra Supercluster

d)

Virgo Supercluster

41.

About 4.6 billion years ago, a cloud of stellar dust or nebula exists within the Milky Way. What happened next?

a)

Shock waves hit the nebula causing it to collapse.

b)

The energy enriched nebula begins to contract further due to gravity.

c)

Supernova of a nearby star occurs.

42.

The nebula begins to spin and flatten. Then what?

a)

The center of the nebula begins to get hot and dense.

b)

Gravity causes light gases to move to the center while heavier materials and ice stay in outer areas.

c)

A protostar forms in the center of the nebula.

43.

What are the inner planets made of (primarily)?

a)

hydrogen and helium

b)

rock

c)

ice

d)

gas

44.

What are the outer planets made of?

a)

rock

b)

Carbon dioxide

c)

gas and ice

d)

oxygen

45.
A[n] ___________ tide occurs when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line. 
a)
spring
b)
high
c)
low
d)
neap
46.
What is a difference between spring and neap tides?
a)
Spring tides occur when the earth and sun are IN LINE with the new or full moon. 
b)
Spring tides occur when moon in 3rd or 1st quarter phases
c)
Spring tides are LOWER than neap tides
d)
Spring tides occur in Spring and neap tides can occur in any season
47.
Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?
a)
Sun
b)
Saturn
c)
Moon 
d)
Venus
48.
What happens when there is a spring tide
a)
Short Tides and semi-short tides
b)
High tides and very low tides
c)
low tides and medium tides
d)
small tidal ranges
49.
What do we call a tide that has a large range?
a)
gravity
b)
wind
c)
spring
d)
neap
50.
What do we call tides that have a smaller range that happen when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other?
a)
Neap Tide
b)
Spring Tide
c)
Larger Change
d)
Smaller Change
51.
What type of tides would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
neap tide
b)
spring tide
c)
new moon tide
d)
full moon tide
52.
What type of tide would this arrangement of earth-moon-sun create?
a)
full moon tide
b)
new moon tide
c)
neap tide
d)
spring tide
53.
Which moon phase is shown in this diagram?
a)
new moon
b)
first quarter
c)
full moon
d)
last quarter/3rd quarter
54.
What causes tides?
a)
gravity
b)
wind
c)
spring
d)
neap
55.
Which body has the greater effect on Earth's tides?
a)
Sun
b)
Saturn
c)
Moon 
d)
Venus
56.
At the same time the sea is drawn to the moon, another tidal bulge takes place on other side of Earth.  True or False?
a)
True
b)
False
c)
Maybe
d)
I don't know!
57.
If tides alternate from high to low and there are two of each type of tide a day, about how many hours will generally be between each different tide?
a)
2 hours
b)
6 hours
c)
12 hours
d)
24 hours
58.
the process of sediment being glued together
a)
compaction
b)
weathering
c)
erosion
d)
cementation
59.

____ rocks form when rock buried deep inside the earth change without melting or weathering

a)

igneous

b)

sediment

c)

metamorphic

d)

sedimentary

60.

Rocks formed under great pressure but no heat are _____.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

sediment

61.

A rock that has cooled fast and may look like glass.

a)

igneous

b)

metamorphic

c)

sedimentary

d)

sediment

62.

Movement of the Earth's tectonic plates creates extreme _____ below Earth's surface.

a)

compaction/cementation

b)

weathering/erosion

c)

heat/pressure

d)

explosions/exchanges

63.
What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?
a)
Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b)
Weathering, Erosion, Deposition, Compaction, Cementation
c)
Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks.
d)
Magma trapped under the Earth's surface cools and solidifies.
64.
This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
65.
This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Igneous
c)
Metamorphic
66.
A metamorphic rock changes into an igneous rock by what two processes?
a)
Melting and cooling
b)
Extreme heat and pressure
c)
Compaction and cementation
d)
Weathering and erosion
67.
Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called
a)
Erosion
b)
Deposition
c)
Compaction
d)
Weathering
68.

The best answer for section "A" in the diagram

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

69.

The best answer for section "C" in the diagram

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

70.

The best answer for section "B"

a)

metamorphic/melting

b)

compaction/cementation

c)

weathering/erosion

d)

heat/pressure

71.

composition of the Earth

a)

the outermost layer of Earth (thinnest layer)

b)

the 3 layers that make up the Earth (crust, mantle, core)

c)

the middle layer (most of the Earth's mass)

d)

a substance composed of 2 or more elements

72.

crust

a)

outermost layer of Earth (thinnest layer)

b)

the 3 layers that make up the Earth (crust, mantle, core)

c)

a substance composed of 2 or more elements

d)

the middle layer (most of the Earth's mass)

73.

mantle

a)

outermost layer of Earth (thinnest layer)

b)

the 3 layers that make up the Earth (crust, mantle, core)

c)

a substance composed of 2 or more elements

d)

the middle layer (most of the Earth's mass)

74.

continental crust

a)

the layer that extends from below the mantle to the center of the Earth

b)

the thinner crust that lies under the ocean

c)

the 5 physical properties of the layers of the Earth

d)

the thicker crust that is land

75.

oceanic crust

a)

the layer that extends from below the mantle to the center of the Earth

b)

the thinner crust that lies under the ocean

c)

the 5 physical properties of the layers of the Earth

d)

the thicker crust that is land

76.

outer core

a)

liquid layer of the Earth's core that lies beneath the mantle

b)

strong, lower part of the mantle

c)

the plastic layer of the mantle on which pieces of lithosphere move

d)

outermost, rigid layer of the Earth (the crust and the upper, rigid part of the mantle)

77.

inner core

a)

the dense center of the Earth

b)

vibrations through the Earth that happen when there is an earthquake

c)

a machine that measures the times at which seismic waves arrive at different distances from an earthquake

d)

pieces of lithosphere that move around on top of the astenosphere

78.

seismic waves

a)

dense center of the Earth

b)

vibrations through the Earth that happen when there is an earthquake

c)

a machine that measures the times at which seismic waves arrive at different distances from an earthquake

d)

pieces of lithosphere that move around on top of the asthenosphere

79.

seismograph

a)

the dense center of the Earth

b)

vibrations through the Earth that happen when there is an earthquake

c)

a machine that measures the times at which seismic waves arrive at different distances from an earthquake

d)

pieces of lithosphere that move around on top of the astehnosphere

80.

Which letter in the diagram identifies the layer of Earth made up of solid nickel and iron?

a)

layer A

b)

layer B

c)

layer C

d)

layer D

81.

Sally is researching the differences that exist in each layer of the Earth. Which of the following best describes Earth's crust?

a)

Solid, rocky

b)

Liquid, metallic

c)

Semisolid, convecting

d)

Dense, extremely hot

82.

Which of Earth's layers is best described as liquid metal?

a)

crust

b)

mantle

c)

outer core

d)

inner core

83.
Which layer has the highest density?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Core
d)
All the same
84.
Which layer is the thickest?
a)
Crust
b)
Mantle
c)
Core
d)
All of them are the same size
85.
True or FalseThe most abundant elements in the Earth's crust are silicon and oxygen.
a)
True
b)
False
86.

As you go deeper into the Earth select the three things below you would expect to increase.

a)

Temperature

b)

Density

c)

Pressure

d)

Volume

87.

Main type of seismic waves that can only travel through the surface of the Earth.

a)

seismic waves

b)

surface waves

c)

body waves

d)

primary waves

88.

Main type of waves that can travel the earth`s inner layer.

a)

surface waves

b)

body waves

c)

Love waves

d)

Rayleigh waves

89.

This is known as the sudden shaking of the ground and known as the sources of seismic waves.

a)

earthquake

b)

tsunami

c)

flood

d)

typhoon

90.

This is considered as the fastest kind of seismic waves.

a)

Love waves

b)

Body waves

c)

Primary waves

d)

Secondary waves

91.

The most damaging type of waves

a)

Love waves

b)

Rayleigh waves

c)

Primary waves

d)

Secondary waves

92.

It can travel through solids only

a)

Love waves

b)

Rayleigh waves

c)

Primary waves

d)

Secondary waves

93.

Two types of surface waves

a)

Love waves and Rayleigh Waves

b)

P waves and S waves

94.

Two types of body waves

a)

Love waves and Rayleigh waves

b)

P waves and S waves

95.

The movement of the tectonic plates is caused by

a)

the rotation of the Earth.

b)

convection currents in the Asthenosphere

c)

the gravity of the iron-nickel core.

d)

the Moho discontinuity.

96.

In some areas of the world, like California and Japan, earthquakes are a common occurrence. How can this best be explained?

a)

The strong ocean currents are undermining both areas causing earthquakes.

b)

Both areas are located near the edge of the Pacific Ocean, the unstable sand causes earthquakes.

c)

Both areas are subjected to strong ocean wind and waves that causes earthquakes.

d)

Both areas are on the boundary of active plates, the motion of the plates causes earthquakes.

97.
Subduction zones occur on Earth where dense oceanic crust dives under more buoyant continental crust. These boundaries are characterized by a deep ocean trench next to a high continental mountain range, large numbers of earthquakes and volcanoes. All of this is further evidence for the
a)
big bang theory.
b)
theory of plate tectonics.
c)
origin of the species.
d)
theory of natural selection.
98.
There are three types of plate boundaries. Which choice is NOT a type of plate boundary?
a)
convergent
b)
thrust
c)
divergent
d)
transform
99.

Observe this diagram of a plate boundary. One statement BEST describes what is happening. It is that

a)

the oceanic crust is melting.

b)

the denser ceanic crust is subducting under the less dense oceanic crust

c)

volcanic islands are forming.

d)

the tectonic plates are moving away from each other.

100.

The map in the picture shows tectonic plate boundaries. This map would be useful in predicting the location of future

a)

droughts

b)

hurricanes

c)

earthquakes

d)

tornadoes

101.
What geological forces might be responsible for this range of mountains?
a)
diverging tectonic plates
b)
erosion of the land by the ocean
c)
converging tectonic plates
d)
deposition of sediments by the ocean
102.

Earthquake epicenters (center of where the earthquakes started) were mapped for a 35 year period in the diagram above. The black dots indicate these epicenters. The black dots appear along what feature on Earth?

a)

hot spots

b)

plate boundaries

c)

rift zones

d)

sea floor spreading

103.
The Earth’s surface is not a solid surface but is divided into
a)
several oceanic plates.
b)
continental and crustal plates.
c)
seven continental plates.
d)
continental and oceanic plates.
104.
Geologists have long recognized that earthquakes are not randomly distributed on Earth but occur in concentrated areas that coincide with __________ and provide evidence for the theory of ___________ .
a)
mountain ranges; fault zones.
b)
continental borders; supercontinents.
c)
plate boundaries; plate tectonics
d)
areas of liquid magma; sea floor spreading.
105.

Where are earthquakes MOST LIKELY to occur?

a)

close to the equator

b)

close to the center of tectonic plates

c)

at divergent or convergent plate boundaries

d)

at transform plate boundaries

106.

___________ currents in the Earth's asthenosphere cause plate to shift at their boundaries. This movement also causes earthquakes and volcanic activity.

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

ocean

107.
Observe the plate boundary shown here. What type of plate boundary is this? Many geologic events occur at these boundaries. Some are shown, but one is missing. What geologic event would you predict would occur at this plate boundary?
a)
convergent oceanic-oceanic plate boundary; volcano
b)
divergent oceanic-oceanic plate boundary; sea floor spreading
c)
convergent oceanic-continental plate boundary; earthquake
d)
convergent continental-continental plate boundary; mountain building
108.

What is the source of energy that drives plate movement?

a)

the subducton of the sea floor

b)

the different densities of the oceanic and crustal plates

c)

convection currents in the asthenosphere

d)

the friction force between the plates that move past each other

109.

Where would sea floor spreading most likely occur?

a)

At convergent boundaries (oceanic vs. oceanic)

b)

At convergent boundaries (oceanic vs. continental)

c)

At divergent plate boundaries (oceanic vs. oceanic)

d)

At transform plate boundaries

110.

The Marianas Trench, where the Pacific Plate descends under the leading edge of the Eurasian Plate, is the deepest sea floor in the world. These ocean trenches form when two oceanic plates collide

a)

and the older, less dense of the two plates rides over the edge of the older plate.

b)

when convection currents in the mantle force the older plate downward.

c)

and the younger, denser of the two plates, rides over the edge of the older plate.

d)

and the plates are approximately the same age and density.

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