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AP Exam Review Pt 1

Total questions: 112

Worksheet time: 2hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable?
a)
As time increase, distance decreases
b)
As time increases, distance increases
c)
As time decreases, distance decreases
d)
As time decreases, distance increases
2.
What is the control for the experiment? 
a)
the thing being tested
b)
the normal situation
c)
what we measure in the end
d)
what we change 
3.
The Independent/Manipulated Variable goes on the ___ axis
a)
x
b)
y
4.
Which type of graph would you create for this data table?
a)
Bar
b)
Line
5.
Which would go on the y-axis?
a)
Time
b)
# of Bacteria 
6.

Shorter error bars mean:

a)

lower precision in data

b)

less accurate data

c)

smaller range in data

7.

Longer error bars mean:

a)

lower precision in data

b)

more accurate data

c)

smaller range in data

8.

Repeating the experiment for Sample two would most likely give a result between:

a)

6-12

b)

8-15

c)

0-16

d)

11-12

9.

What is the independent variable?

a)

Time of glowing

b)

Temperature of glow stick

c)

Brand of glow stick

d)

Temperature of room.

10.
All of the below sets have the same mean.
Set 1-Standard Deviation=3.1
Set 2-Standard Deviation=4.9
Set 3-Standard Deviation=1.7
Set 4-Standard Deviation=3.2
Which set of data probably has the points closest to the mean?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
11.
This data is normally distributed.  What percent of the data is in the shaded region?
a)
68%
b)
95%
c)
99.7%
d)
50%
12.
To determine the effects of a new drug on memory, one group is given a pill that contains the drug. A second group is given a sugar pill that does not contain the drug. This second group constitutes the
a)
random sample
b)
experimental group
c)
control group
d)
test group
13.
What is definition of null hypothesis?
a)
The independent variable has no effect on the dependent variable for the population
b)
The independent variable does have an effect on the dependent variable
c)
The dependent variable has no effect on the independent variable
d)
The dependent variable does have effec on the independent variable
14.

The hypothesis that two groups are the same.

a)

Alternative hypothesis

b)

Experimental hypothesis

c)

Null hypothesis

d)

Statistical hypothesis

15.

Suppose that your answer is higher than the chi-square value in a dataset using a p-value of .05, what is the appropriate conclusion?

a)

a) Reject the null hypothesis

b)

b) Reject the alternative hypothesis

c)

c) Fail to reject the null hypothesis

d)

d) Fail to reject the alternative hypothesis

16.

Based on the data, it can be concluded that

a)

there is no statistically significant difference between the amount of carbohydrates from all three species

b)

there is a statistically signficant difference between the amount of carbohydrates in each species compared to the amount of proteins and lipids in each species

c)

Lipids are not important for these species, which is indicated by the low amounts that are present within each organism

d)

A and B

e)

A, B and C

17.
Find the degrees of freedom.
a)
4
b)
5
c)
6
d)
7
18.
What are the expected counts of a female who likes Pepsi?
a)
10.5
b)
11
c)
14.5
d)
6.3
19.
Which statement is NOT correct about the chi-square test statistic?
a)
a)A value close to 0 would indicate expected counts are much different from observed counts.
b)
b)A large value of the test statistic would be in support of the alternative hypothesis.
c)
c)A small value of the test statistic would indicate evidence supporting the null hypothesis.
d)
d)The test statistic is the sum of positive numbers and therefore must be positive.
20.
What does "polar" mean?
a)
A molecule is cold
b)
A molecule has ionic bonds
c)
A molecule has covalent bonds
d)
A molecule has areas of positive and negative charge
21.
This atom in a water molecule has more of a negative charge
a)
Oxygen
b)
Hydrogen
22.

Hydrogen Bonds typically occur between atoms of hydrogen involved in this type of bond:

a)

Ionic

b)

Nonpolar Covalent

c)

Polar Covalent

d)

Nonpolar AND Polar Covalent

23.

The Hydrogen atoms in the molecule shown have this charge:

a)

Positive

b)

Partial Positive

c)

Negative

d)

Partial Negative

24.

A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical means - made up of the same atoms

a)

atom

b)

element

c)

molecule

d)

organism

25.

An atom that has a different number of neutrons than the standard for that element.

a)

element

b)

isotope

c)

molecule

d)

organism

26.

The correct order for the organization of living things is

a)

cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism

b)

cell -> atom -> organ system -> organism -> tissue

c)

cell -> atom -> molecule -> organism -> organ system

d)

tissue -> cell -> organism -> organ -> organ system

27.

a major component of genes and proteins

a)

nitrogen

b)

sulfur

c)

iron

d)

oxygen

28.

is an important part of dna molecules

a)

phosphorus

b)

hydrogen

c)

sulfur

d)

iron

29.

What is the abbreviation for the 6 elements that make up almost all of the weight of an organism?

a)

SNOPES

b)

CHNOPS

c)

KHDMDCM

d)

ZNMGFE

30.

Carbon can form _____ bonds with other elements.

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

31.

In order to break apart a polymer ________ must be added.

a)

carbon

b)

water

c)

oxygen

d)

hydrogen

32.

What type of reaction is shown?

a)

Dehydration synthesis

b)

Hydrolysis

33.

Which type of reaction is shown?

a)

Dehydration Synthesis

b)

Hydrolysis

34.
The bond that joins amino acids are called:
a)
Peptide Bonds
b)
Ester Bonds
c)
Glycosidic Linkages
d)
Phosphodiester Bonds
35.
Amino acids all have the same general structure except for the:
a)
Amino Group
b)
Carboxyl Group
c)
'R' Group
d)
Carbonyl Group
36.
The primary sequence of a protein refers to the:
a)
Order of amino acids
b)
α-Helix or β-Pleated Sheet
c)
Interaction of subunits
d)
Hydrogen Bonding
37.
The number of amino acids used to produce proteins for all living things is:
a)
20
b)
∞
c)
15
d)
42
38.
The sequence of amino acids is determined by:
a)
Genes
b)
Hydrogen Bonds
c)
Like Dissolves Like
d)
pH
39.
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
a)
Glycerol
b)
Monosaccharides
c)
Amino Acids
d)
Nucleotides
40.
What are the components of a nucleotide?
a)
nitrogen base, phosphate group, and pentose sugar
b)
pentose sugar, purine, and pyrimidine
c)
nitrogen base and a phosphate group
d)
DNA, phosphate group, monosaccharide
41.
RNA contains the sugar...
a)
Deoxyribose
b)
Glucose
c)
Ribose
d)
Lipids
42.
All organic compounds contain the element
a)
carbon
b)
nitrogen
c)
phosphorus
d)
sulfur
43.
Which macromolecule is this?
a)
protein
b)
lipid
c)
nucleic acid
d)
carbohydrate
44.
Is this hydrocarbon saturated or unsaturated? 
a)
saturated
b)
unsaturated
45.

All carbohydrate names end with which ending:

a)

-ise

b)

-ase

c)

-ese

d)

-ose

46.

Which of the following are storage polysaccharides?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Starch

c)

Glycogen

d)

Glucose

e)

Chitin

47.

Which of the following are structure polysaccharides?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Starch

c)

Glycogen

d)

Glucose

e)

Chitin

48.

Which is in order from largest to smallest structure?

a)

chromosome, DNA strand, gene, nucleotide

b)

chromosome, gene, DNA strand, nucleotide

c)

gene, DNA strand, chromosome, nucleotide

d)

DNA strand, chromosome, gene, nucleotide

49.

The 'backbone' or 'ribbon' of the DNA strand is made of:

a)

phosphate and sugar

b)

phosphate only

c)

phosphate and base

d)

sugar and base

50.
Identify the correct Purine nitrogen bases.
a)
Thymine and Cytosine
b)
Adenine and Guanine
c)
Adenine and Thymine
d)
Guanine and Cytosine 
51.
There are _________ bonds between Adenine and Thymine and ________ bonds between Guanine and Cytosine . 
a)
Two;Three
b)
Two;Four
c)
Three;Two
d)
Four;Two 
52.

Cytosine makes up 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?

a)

12

b)

24

c)

31

d)

38

e)

It cannot be determined from the information provided.

53.

An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements?

a)

primase, polymerase, ligase

b)

3ʹ RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 5ʹ

c)

5ʹ RNA nucleotides, DNA nucleotides 3ʹ

d)

DNA polymerase I, DNA polymerase III

e)

5ʹ DNA to 3ʹ

54.

In a DNA strand, a phosphate connects a 3′ carbon atom in one deoxyribose to

a)

a 5′ carbon in an adjacent deoxyribose.

b)

a 3′ carbon in an adjacent deoxyribose.

c)

a base in an adjacent nucleotide.

d)

none of the above.

55.

How is the nuclear membrane similar to a cell membrane?

a)

Has pores

b)

Has proteins

c)

Consist of bilayers

d)

Has no holes

56.

Where are the ribosomes made?

a)

Chromatin

b)

Nuclear pores

c)

Nuclear membrane

d)

Nucleolus

57.

What are the two locations that ribosomes can be allocated into?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Cytoplasm

c)

Smooth Endomembrane Reticulum

d)

Rough Endomembrane Reticulum

58.
Where can you find ribosomes? 
a)
only in prokaryotic cells
b)
only in plant cells
c)
only in eukaryotic cells
d)
in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
59.
What are ribosomes made of?
a)
tissue
b)
organelles
c)
ribosomal RNA molecules and proteins
d)
DNA
60.

The presence of double bonds in the fatty acid tail will

a)

decrease fluidity because of the attraction between the unsaturated tails.

b)

increase fluidity due to the difficulty of the kinked acyl tail to interact.

c)

decrease fluidity by increasing the space between the phospholipids.

d)

increase fluidity by allowing more room for cholesterol to move into the membrane.

61.
What molecule plays and important role in controlling cell membrane fluidity? 
a)
Insulin
b)
Testosterone
c)
Triglyceride
d)
Cholesterol 
62.

Which of the following best explains how compartmentalization within a cell “improves efficiency” of cellular processes

a)

A cell that has external membranes that decrease competing interactions

b)

Compartmentalization within a cell results in a high SA:V ratio

c)

It minimizes the surface area where cellular processes occur

d)

Has internal membranes that increase competing interactions within the cell

63.

Compartmentalization means a cell

a)

has membrane bound organelles.

b)

is undivided.

c)

is simple.

d)

All of the above

64.

the membranous compartmentalization of a cell

a)

divides the cell into two equal halves

b)

allows different chemical conditions in the cell

c)

requires the presence of a cell wall

d)

common to prokaryotes and eukaryotes

65.

In the Golgi Apparatus macromolecules, such as lipids and proteins, are transported within the cell using____.

a)

Vesicles

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

d)

DNA

66.

What happens in the Golgi apparatus?

a)

Proteins are created

b)

Proteins are sorted, packaged, and tagged

c)

Stores proteins and other substances

d)

Deposits contents outside of the cell

67.

Letter F is which structure of the mitochondria?

a)

inner membrane

b)

outer membrane

c)

cristae

d)

matrix

68.

Letter G is which structure of the mitochondria?

a)

mtDNA

b)

intermembrane space

c)

mitochondrial ribosome

d)

matrix

69.
a)
Grana
b)
Thylakoid
c)
Stroma
d)
Jelly Filling
70.
The fluid like substance found inside the chloroplast is called
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Stroma
c)
Thykloids
d)
Cell Wall
71.
Supports cells structure & drives cell movement.  Composed of microfilaments, microtubules, & centrioles.
a)
endoplasmic reticulum
b)
golgi apparatus
c)
cytoskeleton
d)
vacuole
72.
Stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, & carbohydrates.
a)
ribosome
b)
lysosome
c)
vacuole
d)
endoplasmic reticulum
73.
Contains digestive enzymes to break down worn out parts of the cell.
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
ribosome
d)
nucleolus
74.
Describes the arrangement of the cell membrane as bendable and made of many parts. 
a)
The Fluid Mosaic Model 
b)
The Major Mobility Model 
c)
The Crazy Cell Model
d)
The Maze Model
75.
___________ allow cells to recognize each other and act like ID tags. 
a)
Carbohydrates 
b)
Proteins
c)
Phospholipids 
d)
Cholesterol
76.
A specific molecule that binds with a receptor to make something happen. 
a)
Ligand
b)
Receptor 
c)
Lipid
d)
Magic Potion
77.
What forms the channels and pumps in the phospholipid bilayer?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
proteins
c)
hydrophilic heads 
d)
lipids
78.
True or false:  Regulating what enters and leaves the cell helps the cell maintain homeostasis. 
a)
True
b)
False
79.

Which statements are true about active transport?

a)

molecules move from low to high.

b)

molecules move from high to low.

c)

ATP is required

d)

ATP is not required

80.

Which is true about passive transport?

a)

molecules move from low to high

b)

ATP is required

c)

molecules move from high to low

d)

ATP is not required

81.

Which is true?

a)

prokaryotes evolved from eukaryotes

b)

eukaryotes are larger than prokaryotes

c)

eubacteria and archaebacteria are eukaryotes

d)

eukaryotic cells are the most abundant inhabitants on Earth

82.

Small polar molecules like O2 and CO2enter a cell through

a)

diffusion

b)

osmosis

c)

facilitated diffusion

83.

Phagocytosis and pinocytosis are both forms of

a)

endocytosis

b)

exocytosis

84.
Which type of Passive Transport is being represented in this picture?
a)
Passive Diffusion
b)
Simple Diffusion
c)
Active Diffusion
d)
Facilitated Diffusion
85.

If a cells  Ψp\Psi p = 3 bars and its  Ψs\Psi s = -4.5 bars, what is the resulting  Ψ\Psi  ?

a)

-7.5

b)

7.5

c)

-1.5

d)

1.5

86.
Where will the water go?
a)
Into the cell
b)
Out of the cell
c)
Equally in & out - it's isotonic
d)
There is no water
87.
"Endosymbiosis" means
a)
Living together
b)
Living inside
c)
Entering together
d)
Joining together
88.

Why do mitochondria and chloroplasts have DNA in them?

a)

They were once prokaryotic cells.

b)

They produce their own DNA through photosynthesis.

c)

They receive the DNA from the nucleus.

d)

They process the DNA of the cell.

89.

Most enzymes are composed of .....

a)

Lipids

b)

Carbohydrates

c)

Proteins

d)

Nucleic Acids

90.
Where do substrates bind on an enzyme?
a)
voltage-gated channels
b)
surface receptor
c)
calcium channels
d)
active site
91.
What is the purpose  of an enzyme?
a)
give permission for the reaction
b)
raise activation energy
c)
speed up reactions
d)
control how many reactions occur
92.
With what 3 letters do enzymes typically end?
a)
-ose
b)
-ase
c)
-ese
d)
-tic
93.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
94.

The energy required to start a chemical reaction is ___.

a)

endothermic

b)

exothermic

c)

activation

d)

released

95.

In a _____ reaction, the products have more energy than the reactants.

a)

exergonic

b)

endergonic

96.
As a system becomes more disordered, entropy
a)
remains the same
b)
increases
c)
decreases
d)
cannot be determined
97.
Temperature is a measure of the...
a)
total energy in a substance
b)
total kinetic energy in a substance
c)
average potential energy in a substance
d)
average kinetic energy of molecules in a substance
98.
A substance with a high specific heat:
a)
Is always extremely hot.
b)
Requires a lot of energy to become hot.
c)
Is not heavy.
d)
Does not requires a lot of energy to become hot.
99.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
CO2 + light + H2O --> O2 + Sugar
b)
CO2 + sugar + H2O --> O2 + light
c)
O2 + light + H2O --> CO2 + Sugar
d)
CO2 + O2 + H2O --> Light+ Sugar
100.
What is the main purpose of the light dependent reactions?
a)
To provide the energy for the calvin cycle
b)
To capture energy and make sugar
c)
To reflect green light
d)
To make sugars
101.
What is the purpose of splitting water in PS2 of the light dependent reaction?
a)
Provides e- for PS2 and H+ for the thylakoid space
b)
To produce Oxygen for animals
c)
There is no purpose
102.

The Calvin Cycle occurs in the

a)

Thylakoid

b)

Grana

c)

Inner membrane of chloroplast

d)

Stroma

103.

5 carbon sugar that combines with CO2 in the Calvin Cycle

a)

3-PGA

b)

G3P

c)

RuBP

d)

Glucose

104.

Which of the following is a way to increase the rate of photosynthesis?

a)

Increase oxygen levels

b)

Decrease CO2 levels

c)

Increase light intensity

d)

Decrease water level

105.
Where does glycolysis take place in cells?
a)
Cytoplasm
b)
Mitochondrion
c)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
d)
Ribosomes
106.
Which is not part of the net products of Glycolysis?
a)
2 ATP
b)
2 NADH
c)
2 Pyruvate
d)
2 CO2
107.
Which of the following is not a requirement for glycolysis?
a)
Oxygen
b)
ATP
c)
NAD+
d)
Glucose
108.

Which of the following is NOT component in electron transport chain?

a)

Cytochrome

b)

Flavoprotein

c)

Cytochrome c

d)

ATP synthase

109.

Which of the following gets pumped into the intermembrane space?

a)

FADH2

b)

O2

c)

H+

d)

NAD+

110.

ATP synthesis by ATP synthase is driven by

a)

H+ movement

b)

electron movement

c)

NADH movement

d)

FADH2 movement

111.
What is a disadvantage of fermentation as a process? 
a)
It produces too much ATP
b)
It only produces 2 ATP
c)
It occurs in the absence of oxygen
d)
It is only for quick bursts of energy
112.
How are lactic acid and alcoholic fermentation similar?
a)
They have the same products
b)
They have the same reactants
c)
They both require oxygen
d)
They occur in the same organisms

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