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Unit Test: Genetics

Total questions: 109

Worksheet time: 2hrs 9mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
How many generations are shown in this pedigree?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
2.
How many kids did the mother and father from the first generation have?
a)
2
b)
4
c)
5
d)
6
3.
Is this trait (the shaded individuals) dominant or recessive?
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
4.

Individuals II 1 and II 2 have some children with dominant phenotypes and some with recessive phenotypes. Which cross represents the genotypes of individuals II 1 and II 2?

a)

TT x TT

b)

TT x Tt

c)

Tt x Tt

d)

Tt x tt

e)

tt x tt

5.

The shaded individuals have the recessive phenotype. Which cross represents individuals III 1 and III 2?

a)

TT x TT

b)

TT x Tt

c)

Tt x Tt

d)

Tt x tt

e)

tt x tt

6.

Assuming a trait is AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT, what genotypes could make a person AFFECTED?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

XAY

e)

XaY

7.

Assuming a trait is AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT, what genotype would make a person UNAFFECTED?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

XAY

e)

XaY

8.

Assuming a trait is AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, what genotype would make a person AFFECTED?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

XAY

e)

XaY

9.

Assuming a trait is AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE, what genotypes would make a person UNAFFECTED?

a)

AA

b)

Aa

c)

aa

d)

XAY

e)

XaY

10.

Assuming a trait is X-LINKED RECESSIVE, what are the genotypes of an UNAFFECTED person?

a)

XAY

b)

XaY

c)

XAXA

d)

XAXa

e)

XaXa

11.

Assuming a trait is X-LINKED RECESSIVE, what are the genotypes of an AFFECTED person?

a)

XAY

b)

XaY

c)

XAXA

d)

XAXa

e)

XaXa

12.

Assuming a trait is X-LINKED DOMINANT, what are the genotypes of an UNAFFECTED person?

a)

XAY

b)

XaY

c)

XAXA

d)

XAXa

e)

XaXa

13.

The genotype XaY represents a ________

a)

dominant male

b)

recessive male

c)

dominant female

d)

recessive female

14.

The genotype XAXa represents a ________

a)

dominant male

b)

recessive male

c)

dominant female

d)

recessive female

15.

Assuming a trait is AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT, a person with the genotype "aa" would be

a)

affected

b)

unaffected

16.

Assuming a trait is X-LINKED RECESSIVE, a person with the genotype "XaY" would be ____

a)

affected

b)

unaffected

17.
A chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles from parents
a)
T-square
b)
Gene Chart
c)
Punnett Square
d)
DNA organizer
18.
A characteristic that an organism can pass on to its offspring
a)
heredity
b)
punnett square
c)
trait
d)
phenotype
19.
The inherited combination of alleles is called the ______
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
chromosome
d)
DNA
20.
An organism's inherited appearance is called _______.
a)
genotype
b)
phenotype
c)
chromosome
d)
DNA
21.
TRUE OR FALSE: A genotype of Ss would be heterozygous.
a)
True
b)
False
22.
TRUE OR FALSE: A genotype of mm would be homozygous recessive.
a)
True
b)
False
23.

If T=Tall & t=short, what are the possible genotypes?

a)

1 TT: 3 Tt

b)

3TT:1tt

c)

1TT:2Tt:1tt

d)

2TT:2Tt

24.
B = brown fur  b = white fur
In the Punnett square, what is the probability for white fur? 
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
75%
25.
In a certain species of plant, the color purple (P) is dominant to the color white (p).
According to the Punnett Square, what is the probability of an offspring being white?
a)
25%
b)
0%
c)
100%
d)
50%
26.
A dog has 78 chromosomes in its body cells.  What is the diploid number?
a)
78
b)
39
c)
1
d)
100
27.
A human has 46 chromosomes in their body cells.  What is the haploid number?
a)
46
b)
92
c)
23
d)
12
28.
Gametes have haploid or diploid number of chromosomes?
a)
Haploid
b)
Diploid
29.

In fruit flies, eye color is a sex-linked trait.  Red (R) is dominant to white (r).

Which genotype shows a female fly with white eyes?

a)

XRXrX^{R^{ }}X^r

b)

XRXRX^RX^R

c)

XrXrX^rX^r

30.
Incomplete dominance means that the traits are
a)
expressed equally
b)
dominant
c)
recessive
d)
blended
31.

Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?

a)

Yy

b)

yY

c)

yy

d)

YY

32.
If you cross a black guinea pig with a white guinea pig and the offspring are gray, what type of dominant trait would that be.
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
codependant
d)
cooperative
33.
This is an example of
a)
Complete dominance
b)
Mendelian Genetics
c)
Codominance
d)
Incomplete Dominance
34.

Grey (G) fur is dominant to brown (g) fur in mice. What would be the genotype of a mouse that is heterozygous?

a)

GG

b)

Gg

c)

gg

d)

GGG

35.

What is AA

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous dominant

36.

What is Aa

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous dominant

37.

What is aa

a)

Homozygous Dominant

b)

Heterozygous

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Heterozygous dominant

38.

What is name for traits that are controlled by many genes such as height and skin color?

a)

complete dominance

b)

incomplete dominance

c)

co dominance

d)

polygenic

e)

multiple alleles

39.

What are the genotypes for type A blood?

a)

IAIA

b)

IAIB

c)

IAi

d)

IBIB

e)

ii

40.

A child has blood type AB. Which blood types would his parents most likely have?

a)

B and O

b)

O and A

c)

A and B

d)

AB and O

41.

Which could NOT result from a cross between IAIB and IAi?

a)

Type A Blood

b)

Type B Blood

c)

Type AB Blood

d)

Type O Blood

42.
This type of inheritance pattern is a MIXTURE of both traits, like the old theory of blending
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
co-dominance
c)
complete dominance
d)
recessive pattern
43.
This type of inheritance pattern shows BOTH traits in possible offspring:
a)
complete dominance
b)
incomplete dominance
c)
co-dominance
d)
Indomitable 
44.

What is a gene?

a)

a section of DNA that codes for a specific protein

b)

a homologous chromosome

c)

a single sister chromatid

45.

Which allele combination represents a male who has an X-linked recessive disorder?

a)

XrY

b)

XRY

c)

XrXr

d)

XRXr

46.

Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree.


In the pedigree that is shown, which represents Irene's allele combination?

a)

XhXh

b)

XHXh

c)

XHXH

d)

XhY

47.

Which Punnett square represents a cross between two parents that are heterozygous for purple flowers?

a)
b)
c)
d)
48.

In a dihybrid cross for round and yellow seeds (RrYy x RrYy), what is the probability of having green and wrinkled seeds?

a)

1:16

b)

3:16

c)

8:16

d)

9:16

49.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
50.
AA and Aa always show up as
a)
dominant
b)
recessive
51.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
all of the above
52.
Complex molecule that carries genetic information that defines an organism's traits. It is stored in the nucleus.
a)
DNA
b)
protein
c)
RNA
d)
glucose nucleic acid (GNA)
53.

What goes in box 3

a)

Aabb

b)

AABB

c)

AAbb

d)

aaBb

54.
Using the dihybrid cross and key provided, what is the probability of the offspring being tall and white?
a)
9
b)
2
c)
3
d)
6
55.
Which sequence of complementary DNA bases would pair with this partial strand
ATG TGA CAG?
a)

ATG TGA CAG

b)

TAC ACT GTC

c)

GTA AGT GAC

d)

CAT TCA CTG

56.
TT,tt,PP,pp,SS,ss are examples of alleles that are?
a)

homozygous

b)

heterozygous

c)

different

d)

homologous 

57.

What is a segment of DNA on a chromosome called?

a)

nucleotide

b)

gene

c)

RNA

d)

protein

58.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

59.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

60.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

61.

How many amino acids are found on one tRNA?

a)

20

b)

4

c)

1

d)

3

62.

Which of the following is the complementary mRNA sequence to this DNA strand: AACTGAA

a)

UUGACUU

b)

TTGACTT

c)

AACTGAA

d)

AACUGAA

63.
Which of the following best describes how DNA and RNA are similar?
a)
they both contain A and T
b)
They both have a double helix
c)
They are both composed of 5 different nucleotides
d)
they both have C and G
64.
DNA sequence is ACAGTGC. How would this be coded on mRNA?
a)
TGTCACG
b)
UGUCACG
c)
GUGACAU
d)
CACUGUA
65.
The main function of tRNA is to...
a)
carry a message that, when translated, forms proteins
b)
form a portion of ribosomes
c)
string together complementary RNA and DNA strands
d)
bring amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes
66.
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
a)
base
b)
codon
c)
amine
d)
serine
67.
Which phrase best describes translation?
a)
converts mRNA into a polypeptide
b)
catalyzes bonds between amino acids
c)
produces RNA from DNA molecules
d)
recycles tRNA molecules for reuse
68.
Which of the following is the site of transcription?
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
69.
Which of the following is the site of translation?
a)
vacuole
b)
lysosome
c)
nucleus
d)
ribosome
70.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
71.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
72.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

73.

Which of the following would result in a frameshift mutation?

a)

Insertions only

b)

Substitution only

c)

Deletion only

d)

Insertions and Deletions

74.

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG

The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Inversion

75.

A mutation is defined as:

a)

A change in the cell's structure

b)

Anything that changes in an embryo

c)

Any change in the physical features of a human

d)

A change in the DNA sequence

76.

ATTTGAGCC- Original

ATTGAGCC - Mutated

The example above is an example of a

a)

Insertion- Frameshift

b)

Deletion- Substitution

c)

Deletion -Frameshift

d)

All of the above

77.

What mutation has occurred here?

T-G-A-C-C-A

T-G-A-G-C-A

a)

Substitution

b)

Deletion

c)

Insertion

d)

Frameshift

78.

What is the role of mRNA

a)

Carry an amino acid to the ribosome

b)

Copy the instructions from DNA and carry it out of the nucleus

c)

Make up the ribosomes

79.

What is an anticodon?

a)

rRNA

b)

an amino acid

c)

Three nucleotide sequence found on mRNA

d)

Three nucleotide sequence found on tRNA

80.

During translation, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for delivering amino acids to help make a protein.

a)

mRNA

b)

rRNA

c)

tRNA

d)

dRNA

81.

There are a total of ____ different amino acids

a)

20

b)

1

c)

4

d)

unlimited

82.
Which of these nitrogenous bases is NOT in RNA?
a)
Uracil
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Guanine
83.
DNA holds the code for
a)
lipids
b)
carbohydrates
c)
protein
d)
sugar
84.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
85.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
86.
The mRNA leaves the ________ to find the ribosome to make proteins.
a)
cell
b)
nucleotide
c)
nucleus
87.
Contains the bases adenine, uracil, cytosine and guanine
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Both
88.

During transcription, this type of ribonucleic acid is responsible for copying the DNA and brining it out of the nucleus.

a)

tRNA

b)

mRNA

c)

rRNA

d)

dRNA

89.

Which organelle is the location where protein is made?

a)

Ribosome

b)

Nucleus

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Nucleotide

90.

When these bond together, they form a protein

a)

Amino Acids

b)

Peptide Bonds

c)

Ribose

d)

Nucleotides

91.

These building blocks consist of a sugar, phosphate, and nitrogen base.

a)

Ribose

b)

Nucleotide

c)

Gene

d)

Protein

92.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
93.

What breaks the H- bonds in order for DNA to separate during replication and protein synthesis?

a)

Enzyme (RNA polymerase)

b)

nitrogen bases

c)

the nucleus

d)

RNA

94.

A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called:

a)

chromosomal mutation

b)

point mutation

c)

inversion

d)

translocation

95.

Which codons code for the amino acid serine?

a)

AAA and AAG

b)

CUA and CUG

c)

UCU and AGU

d)

GAG and GAA

96.

Which of the following is a “stop” codon?

a)

AAG

b)

UGC

c)

UGA

d)

UGG

97.

The codon UUU codes for the amino acid:

a)

threonine

b)

phenylalanine

c)

glycine

d)

leucine

98.

A karyotype shows 23 pairs of DNA "packages" called ________.

a)

genomes

b)

genes

c)

chromosomes

d)

proteins

99.
The diagram shows the process of
a)
Transcription
b)
Translation
c)
Replication
d)
Mitosis
100.
What does Letter C indicate?
a)
Polypeptide Chain
b)
Anticodon
c)
Codon
d)
Amino Acid
101.
What does Letter E Indicate?
a)
Codons
b)
Amino Acids
c)
An Anticodon
d)
Ribosome
102.
DNA has a ______ strand; RNA has a ______ strand.
a)
double/double
b)
double/triple
c)
double/single
d)
single/single
103.
Translation is the production of ___ from ___.
a)
RNA, protein
b)
DNA, protein
c)
RNA, DNA
d)
protein, RNA
104.
Transcription is the production of ___ from ___.
a)
protein, RNA
b)
RNA , DNA
c)
DNA, RNA
d)
DNA, protein
105.
Why is the order of amino acids so important?
a)
The order of amino acids dictates what shape the protein will fold into.
b)
It is not important. The protein folding chamber will force the protein to fold into the correct shape.
106.
Why are insertion and deletion (frameshift) mutations so harmful?
a)
They change all of the codons from the mutation on down the line, which changes the amino acid sequence
b)
They insert things that an organism doesn't need.
c)
They often delete things that organisms need.
d)
Insertion and deletions are not any more harmful than substitution mutations.
107.
a change in one DNA triplet that may result in a new triplet that codes for a stop codon instead of an amino acid is known as
a)
missense
b)
nonsense
c)
frameshift
d)
silent
108.
A type of substitution in which no  amino acids change is called 
a)
Missense
b)
Nonsense
c)
Silent
d)
Deletion
109.

Match the following Mutations

a)

Deletion

1.

Entire sequence shifts to the left

b)

Insertion

2.

Entire sequence shifts to the right

c)

Substitution

3.

One Nucleotide is swapped for another

d)

Point

4.

Only one nucleotide is affected

e)

Frameshift

5.

More than one nucleotide is affected and entire sequence shifts

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