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APES Final Review Unit 4

Total questions: 88

Worksheet time: 2hrs 34mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which type of boundary results in the creation of mountains, island arcs, earthquakes, and volcanoes?

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

2.

Which type of boundary results in the creation of rift valleys, volcanoes, seafloor spreading, and earthquakes

a)

Convergent

b)

Divergent

c)

Transform

3.

Transform boundaries mainly result in

a)

Island Arcs

b)

Seafloor spreading

c)

Earthquakes

d)

Mountains

4.

Which of the following occur when stress overcomes a locked fault, releasing stored energy.

a)

Rift Valleys

b)

Volcanoes

c)

Mountains

d)

Earthquake

5.

The huge blocks of the earth's crust that slide around slowly are called

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Tectonic Plates

c)

Rift Valleys

d)

Mid ocean ridges

6.

As oceanic plates move apart rising magma forms new oceanic crust this is known as

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Seafloor spreading

c)

Mid-ocean ridges

d)

Mountains

7.

Where oceanic plates meet continental plates, old oceanic crust is pulled downward and the heavier oceanic crust slides underneath the lighter continental plate. This is called

a)

Seafloor spreading

b)

Abduction

c)

Subduction

d)

Convection

8.

when a plate moves over a hot spot and the heat form the rising mantle plume will melt the crust

a)

Volcanoes

b)

Mountains

c)

Earthquakes

d)

Subduction

9.

When plates move away from each other and creates new lithosphere

a)

Divergent plate boundary

b)

Convergent

c)

Transform

10.

What is the correct order (starting from the surface) of Earth’s layers?

a)

crust, outer core, inner core, mantle

b)

mantle, outer core, inner core, crust

c)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

d)

outer core, inner core, crust, mantle

11.

In sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts

a)

along the edges of all the continents.

b)

along mid-ocean ridges.

c)

in deep-ocean trenches.

d)

at the north and south poles.

12.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth’s plates is caused by _______

a)

convection.

b)

continental drift.

c)

subduction.

d)

conduction.

13.

A place where two plates slip past each other, moving in opposite directions, is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

14.

The place where two plates come together is known as a _______

a)

transform boundary.

b)

divergent boundary.

c)

convergent boundary.

d)

rift valley.

15.
Where would the oldest rock be found?
a)
L
b)
M
c)
N
d)
O
16.
How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?
a)
Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created
b)
New crust is underwater where it sinks
c)
New crust breaks more easily than old crust
17.
What are the two types of crust
a)
continental and oceanic
b)
ocean and upper
c)
lower and upper
d)
pizza and subway
18.
The Himalayas in Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary?
a)
divergent
b)
continent-to-continent convergent
c)
ocean-to-continent convergent
d)
transform
19.
What type of boundary is the SAN ANDREAS FAULT on?
a)
Covergent
b)
Transformers
c)
Divergent
d)
Transform
20.
The two main agents of erosion are...
a)
wind and flowing water
b)
gravity and frost wedging
c)
oxygen and water
d)
carbon dioxiede and wind
21.
Which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing particle size?
a)
clay-sand-silt
b)
sand-clay-silt
c)
silt-clay-sand
d)
clay-silt-sand
22.
Soil sample that is 60% clay, 30% silt, and 10% sand has which texture? 
a)
clay
b)
clay loam
c)
sandy loam
d)
silt 
23.
Which is the correct order of soil horizons starting at the surface?
a)
A, B, E,C, O
b)
O, A, B, C, E
c)
O, E, A, B, C
d)
O, A, E, B, C
24.
The deep, underlying non-soil materials
a)
B horizon
b)
E horizon
c)
O horizon
d)
Bedrock
25.
The layer where minerals that were leached out of layers above accumulate
a)
A horizon
b)
B horizon
c)
E horizon
d)
O horizon
26.
A mixture of soil, loam, and detritus; the topsoil
a)
A horizon
b)
B horizon
c)
E horizon
d)
O horizon
27.

The rate at which water flows through the soil is called soil percolation or ______.

a)

Groundwater

b)

Permeability

c)

Soil Pores

d)

Porosity

28.
Which soil component has the least capacity for holding water?
a)
silt
b)
clay
c)
sand
d)
humus
29.
_______ is the type of soil used most often with plants and on farms. It is a mixture of clay, sand, and silt.
a)
loam
b)
humus
c)
soil
d)
dirt
30.
Ellen grabs a topsoil sample in her hand. She rolls it into a ball. The soil feels gritty and the ball falls apart. What part of the topsoil most likely made the topsoil feel gritty?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
silt
d)
humus
31.
When plants, animals, and other organisms die, they break down and become part of the soil. What is this part of the soil called?
a)
sand
b)
silt
c)
clay
d)
humus
32.
You dig a small hole in the soil and the next day it rains. The hole fills with water, but does not empty even after several days of dry weather. What is the soil mostly made of?
a)
clay
b)
sand
c)
humus
d)
silt
33.
Water gets into the cracks of rock and freezes, causing the rock to break.  What is this an example of?
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
34.
Which horizon is made up of partially weathered rocks?
a)
Horizon A
b)
Horizon B
c)
Horizon C
d)
Horizon D or R
35.

Lowest densest part of the earths atmosphere in which most weather changes occur and temperature generally decreases rapidly with altitude and which extends from the earth surface to the bottom of the stratosphere at about 7 miles high.

(a)  

36.
Temperature in the stratosphere warms as altitude increases.
a)
True
b)
False
37.
Temperature decreases as altitude increases in the Thermosphere.
a)
True
b)
False
38.
What causes the temperature to increase in the stratosphere?
a)
Nitrogen
b)
Ozone
c)
Water Vapor
d)
carbon dioxide
39.
Which of the following is the correct order of the atmosphere layers from Earth to space?
a)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
b)
troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, stratosphere
c)
thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere, exosphere
d)
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, exosphere, thermosphere
40.

Which layer of the atmosphere aborbs UV light?

a)

troposphere

b)

stratospere

c)

thermosphere

d)

mesosphere

41.
This is the only layer of the atmosphere with active weather.
a)
Troposphere
b)
Mesosphere
c)
Thermosphere
d)
Stratosphere
42.

What is a characteristic of the startosphere in which warm air is above colder air causing the air to be trapped below?

a)

barometric pressure

b)

temperature inversion

c)

temperature gauge

d)

pressure differences

43.

What was the main ingredients that caused heat energy to be trapped, creating a greenhouse effect, in the ealry atmosphere?

a)

water and carbon dioxide

b)

oxygen

c)

carbon dioxide and oxygen

d)

nitrogen and carbon dioxide

44.

How does ozone form?

a)

Gas mixes with oxygen

b)

Water vapor mixed with heat

c)

Formed with earth

d)

Oxygen exposed to UV light

45.

How much oxygen do we have in earth’s atmosphere?

a)

78%

b)

20.9%

c)

33%

d)

40.2%

46.
What is the percentage of nitrogen in Earth's atmosphere?
a)
1%
b)
21%
c)
78%
d)
90%
47.

What causes the Coriolis effect?

a)

Earth's shape.

b)

Earth's rotation.

c)

Earth's revolution around the Sun.

d)

Earth's energy flows from the equator to the poles.

48.

______ is the transfer of heat in the atmosphere due to uneven heating.

a)

Reflection

b)

Conduction

c)

Radiation

d)

Convection

49.

What would be the long-range effect on Earth’s surface if the ozone layer were destroyed?

a)

Decreased infrared radiation.

b)

Increased acid precipitation.

c)

Increased UV radiation.

d)

Decreased atmospheric temperatures.

50.

The general flow of the jet stream is towards the

a)

North.

b)

South.

c)

East.

d)

West.

51.

Which global wind pattern affects weather in the United States?

a)

Westerlies.

b)

Polar easterlies.

c)

Northeast trade winds.

d)

Southeast trade winds.

52.

At the equator, the Sun's rays strike Earth's surface at about which angle?

a)

10 degrees.

b)

25 degrees.

c)

45 degrees.

d)

90 degrees

53.

What causes wind?

a)

Differences in humidity.

b)

Differences in elevation.

c)

Differences in rates of condensation.

d)

Differences in air pressure.

54.

The general weather conditions over a very,very, long period of time is called the _______.

a)

Weather.

b)

Climate.

c)

Forecast.

d)

Biome.

55.

Where does the initial source of energy come from that creates winds?

a)

the moon

b)

the sun

c)

the rotation of the Earth

56.

The process in which hot air rises and cool air sinks is called...

a)

conduction

b)

convection

c)

radiation

d)

magnetism

57.

Why does warm air rise?

a)

Warm air is more dense than cooler air.

b)

Warm air is less dense than cooler air.

c)

Warm air has more pressure than cooler air.

d)

Warm air has a higher dew point than cooler air.

58.

The rotation of the Earth causes winds to bend due to the...

a)

coriolis effect

b)

doldrums

c)

trade winds

d)

prevailing westerlies

59.

Winds that blow from 300 latitude to the equator are called...

a)

prevailing westerlies

b)

polar easterlies

c)

trade winds

d)

horse latitudes

60.

What is a watershed?

a)

Land that collects and channels water froma small body of water to a larger body of water

b)

the shape of the land determined by elevation

c)

A natural stream of water of considerable volume

d)

a river and all its tributaries

61.
___________________ washes agricultural wastes, including animal wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides, into bodies of water, causing algae to grow.
a)
Runoff
b)
Peak flow
c)
Groundwater
d)
Municipal sewage
62.

Pollutants are introduced into surface or ground water without a specific location source.

a)

point source

b)

non-point source

c)

water pollution

d)

polluntants

63.

___________ is a specific source of pollution that can be identified.

a)

Point source pollution.

b)

Nonpoint source pollution.

c)

Greenhouse gas.

d)

Oil spill.

64.

The area drained to form the river may also be called a

a)

River Table

b)

Mountain Range

c)

Grassland

d)

River Basin

65.

True/False

The top of the watershed is the land known as the tailwaters.

a)

True

b)

False

66.

Concrete is an example of a(n)

a)

pervious surface

b)

impervious surface

67.

The school lawn is an example of a(n)

a)

pervious surface

b)

impervious surface

68.

A pervious surface results in ___________ runoff than an impervious surface.

a)

more

b)

less

c)

the same amount

69.

Select the example of nonpoint source pollution

a)

oil refinery

b)

sewage treatment plant

c)

factory

d)

fertilizer

70.

The arrow shows rain water soaking into the ground. This is an example of

a)

Runoff

b)

Infiltration

c)

erosion

d)

impervious surface

71.

Urbanization (building a city) increases

a)

point source pollution

b)

runoff

c)

precipitation

d)

infiltration

72.

#4 is a low-lying area known as the

a)

headwaters

b)

delta

c)

floodplains

d)

tributary

73.

An area of land where all streams/rivers flow toward the same body of water is called a

a)

watershed

b)

floodplain

c)

delta

d)

confluence

74.
At position A, which hemisphere would have summer?
a)
Northern hemisphere
b)
Southern hemisphere
75.
What happens when the area in which you live tilts away from the sun?
a)
It is summer.
b)
It is spring.
c)
It is winter.
d)
It is fall.
76.
Which season is taking place in the Northern Hemisphere in Position 1?
a)
Winter
b)
Spring
c)
Summer
d)
Fall
77.

The surface of the earth, otherwise known as the ______, is broken into seven major pieces and sits atop a liquid layer called the _______

a)

lithosphere, asthenosphere

b)

astenosphere, mantle

c)

crust, litosphere

d)

asthenosphere, lithosphere

78.

During a(n) ____ event, trade winds are much stronger than usual.

a)

El Nino

b)

La Nina

c)

Normal

d)

Partly sunny

79.

Normally, atmospheric upwelling and rain occurs in the:

a)

FAR Western Pacific

b)

Central Pacific

c)

Western Pacific

80.

During an El Nino, it rains

a)

in the central Pacific

b)

in the FAR eastern Pacific

c)

in the western Pacific

d)

In all of the Pacific

81.

Both El Nino and La Nina have this in common

a)

Influence birds that migrate over the ocean

b)

Influence rainy / dry weather world wide

c)

The weather at the polar regions

d)

The directions that ships travel in the oceans

82.

During an El Nino, trade winds are typically...

a)

about average

b)

stronger

c)

weaker

83.

The picture represents a(n) ___ event.

a)

El Nino

b)

La Nina

c)

Non-El Nino (normal conditions)

84.

Without question, ENSO events:

a)

Are preventable

b)

Eliminate sources of rain

c)

Are really scary

d)

Impact everyone on the planet somehow

85.

La Niña is characterized by ______________ of the Western Pacific Ocean.

a)

a warming

b)

a cooling

c)

average temperatures

86.

El Niño ___________________ the trade winds causing the warm pool to move ___________.

a)

weakens or reverses; west

b)

intensifies; east

c)

weakens or reverses; east

d)

intensifies; east

87.

In El Nino, rain moves east with the warm pool causing rainy/stormy weather in California and less hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean.

a)

True

b)

False

88.

When La Nina and hurricanes pull cold water to the surface and bring nutrient rich sediments from the seafloor, this is called ___________________.

a)

upwelling

b)

downwelling

c)

El zapato

d)

La Gloria

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