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Biochemistry full course

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
The word saccharide means:
a)
sugar
b)
glucose
c)
sweetener
d)
carbohydrate
2.
Hydrolysis involves
a)
Removal of a water molecule to join two monomers
b)
Addition of a water molecule to join two monomers
c)
Addition of a water molecule to break covalent bonds in a polymer
d)
None of the above
3.
Which biomolecule contains enzymes?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Protein
4.
Which biomolecule contains pastas and breads?
a)
Lipid
b)
Protein
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Carbohydrate
5.
Which biomolecule helps form muscles?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Protein
d)
Lipids
6.
Which biomolecule contains your genetics?
a)
Carbohydrate
b)
Lipid
c)
Nucleic Acid
d)
Protein
7.
Which biomolecule is your main source of energy?
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Protein
c)
Lipid
d)
Carbohydrate
8.
Which biomolecule contains fats, oils, and waxes?
a)
Proteins
b)
Nucleic Acid
c)
Lipids
d)
Carbohydrate
9.
Which biomolecule includes fats, such as triglycerides, oils, waxes, and steroids (cholesterol); insoluble in water; provides energy storage, insulation, part of cell membrane, and hormones 
a)
Nucleic Acid
b)
Lipids
c)
Carbohydrate
d)
Protein
10.

Which of the following are the 4 essential elements that make up 96% of living matter?

a)

H, O, N, P

b)

C, O, N, H

c)

C, O, S, H

d)

O, S, P, N

11.

Which macromolecules contain nitrogen? (Always True, not Sometimes)

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Proteins

12.

Which macromolecule contains phosphorus? (Always true, not Sometimes true)

a)

Carbohydrates

b)

Lipids

c)

Nucleic Acids

d)

Proteins

13.
What is the function of carbohydrates in your body?
a)
Speed up chemical reactions.
b)
Give immediate energy.
c)
Help to store energy.
d)
Build cell walls in plants.
14.
Which is the correct formula for a polysaccharide?
a)
C6H12O6
b)
C12H24O12
c)
C12H22O11
d)
(C6H10O5)n
15.
What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates?
a)
1:1
b)
2:1
c)
3:1
d)
4:1
16.

What is the main purpose of carbohydrates in your body?

a)

energy storage

b)

insulation/fat storage

c)

as catalysts

d)

quick energy

17.
What elements make up carbohydrates?
a)
carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen
b)
carbon, oxygen, phosphours
c)
carbon, nitrogen, oxygen
d)
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
18.
Which best describes an isomer?
a)
A molecule that provides immediate energy.
b)
A molecule that is structurally the same, but has a different number of atoms.
c)
A molecule that has the same atoms, but is structurally different.
d)
A molecule that can be put together to make bigger molecules.
19.
What is the function of lipids?
a)
quick energy
b)
store energy and insulation
c)
structure and support
d)
pass info from parents to offspring
20.
What are examples of carbohydrates?
a)
DNA and RNA
b)
glucose and starch
c)
fats and oil
d)
muscles and hair
21.
What are some foods that have a lot of carbohydrates?
a)
pasta, rice, bread, potatoes
b)
fried chicken
c)
meat and fish
d)
cheese and yogurt
22.
What are some foods that have a lot of protein?
a)
pasta and rice
b)
potatoes
c)
meat and fish
d)
butter and oil
23.
Where can you find protein in the body?
a)
hair
b)
muscles
c)
fingernails
d)
all of these!
24.

To separate a mixture of salt and water what separation method is used?

a)

Filtration

b)

Distillation

c)

Chromatography

d)

Evaporation to dryness

25.

Which of the following techniques can we use to separate homogeneous mixtures?

a)

Crystallisation

b)

Distillation

c)

Evaporation

d)

All of the above

26.

In preparation for an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

a)

convert the DNA into gel

b)

cut the DNA into fragments

c)

change the color of the DNA

d)

produce longer sections of DNA

27.

In preparation for an electrophoresis procedure, enzymes are added to DNA in order to

a)

convert the DNA into gel

b)

cut the DNA into fragments

c)

change the color of the DNA

d)

produce longer sections of DNA

28.

For which of the following would it NOT be appropriate to use electrophoresis as part of analysis?

a)

Separating proteins from a cell

b)

DNA fingerprinting

c)

Separation of enzymes based on their activity

d)

Paternity test

29.

What is the function of sodium dodecyl sulfate in electrophoresis?

a)

to track the passage of the sample

b)

a detergent that will denature proteins

c)

a reducing agent

d)

to increase the density of the sample

30.

What is the function of glycerol in electrophoresis?

a)

to track the passage of the sample

b)

a detergent that will denature proteins

c)

a reducing agent

d)

to increase the density of the sample density

31.

What is ethidium bromide used for during electrophoresis?

a)

used to denature proteins

b)

used as a tracking gel

c)

used to visualised DNA fragments in uv light

32.
The bond that joins amino acids are called:
a)
Peptide Bonds
b)
Ester Bonds
c)
Glycosidic Linkages
d)
Phosphodiester Bonds
33.

Select correct name for the amino acid shown

a)

Ala

b)

Cys

c)

Trp

d)

His

34.

Select correct names for the amino acids shown

a)

Lys and Leu

b)

Met and Trp

c)

Ala and Val

d)

Asp and Glu

35.

Select correct name for the amino acid shown

a)

Gly

b)

Ala

c)

Leu

d)

Val

36.

Which of the following amino acid is NOT shown in the picture above?

a)

Asp

b)

Asn

c)

Arg

d)

Gln

37.

Select correct name for the amino acid shown

a)

Glu

b)

Gln

c)

Asn

d)

Arg

38.

Which of the following is the name of a side chain of an amino acid shown above?

a)

N-butyl amine

b)

Imidazole

c)

Guanidino

d)

Indole

39.

Select correct name for the amino acid shown

a)

Pro

b)

Trp

c)

Tyr

d)

Thr

40.

Select correct name for the amino acid shown

a)

Ala

b)

Asp

c)

Asn

d)

Arg

41.

Which one of the following amino acids is shown in the picture above?

a)

Ala

b)

Asp

c)

Leu

d)

Lys

42.
Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site.  What is this called?
a)
reusablility
b)
denaturation
c)
specificity
d)
fragility
43.

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for reactions in our cells?

a)

The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

b)

Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions.

c)

Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquid during the reactions.

d)

The reactions take up too much space in the cell if enzymes are missing.

44.

The ____________________ mechanism describes how each substrate must fit into the enzyme.

a)

lock and key

b)

hammer and nail

c)

jigsaw puzzle

d)

seesaw

45.

The _____________________ mechanism describes how an enzyme changes shape once the substrate is bonded.

a)

hammer and nail

b)

induced fit

c)

jigsaw puzzle

d)

lock and key

46.
How do enzymes speed up chemical reaction?
a)
Increasing activation energy
b)
Decreasing activation energy
c)
Increasing deactivation energy
d)
Decreasing deactivation energy
47.

___________________ can bind to the binding site A and inhibit the enzymatic activity.

a)

Competitive inhibitor

b)

Allosteric regulator

c)

Non-Competitive inhibitor

d)

Cofactor

48.

What is cofactor?

a)

A non-protein portion that is required for proper functioning of an enzyme.

b)

A protein that is required for proper functioning of an enzyme.

c)

A non-protein portion that decreases the rate of reaction of the enzyme.

d)

A protein that decreases the rate of reaction of the enzyme.

49.

Most coenzymes may be included in classes of foodstuffs known as:

a)

Minerals

b)

Fats

c)

Vitamins

d)

Metallic ions

50.

Which is the correct comparison about coenzyme and prosthetic group?

a)

Both are organic cofactor.

b)

Both are inorganic cofactor.

c)

Coenzyme is organic cofactor while prosthetic groups is inorganic cofactor.

d)

Prosthetic group binds loosely to enzyme while coenzyme binds tightly at the active sites of enzyme.

51.

What impedes enzymatic reactions by binding to the enzyme and causes conformational changes of the active site?

a)

non-competitive inhibitor

b)

competitive inhibitor

c)

coenzymes

d)

cofactors

52.

Organic molecules that temporarily bind to enzymes and enhance an enzyme's ability are called:

a)

Cofactors

b)

Coenzymes

c)

Allosteric Inhibitors

d)

Allosteric Activators

53.

Competitive and non-competitive inhibitors always _______ the enzymatic reaction rates.

a)

decreases

b)

increases

c)

stabilize

d)

cancel

54.

A diet lacking in ___________ leads to the development of a disease known as scurvy.

a)

Vitamin A

b)

Vitamin B

c)

Vitamin C

d)

Vitamin D

55.

Vitamin D's major function:

a)

To prevent birth defects in unborn children

b)

To keep the bones supplies with Calcium

c)

To help the red blood cells absorb iron

56.

Calcium helps to:

a)

Prevent birth defects

b)

Vision

c)

Build strong bones

57.

Which foods are the best source of Vitamin C:

a)

Fresh fruits and vegetables

b)

Cooked fruits and vegetables

c)

Animal foods

58.

Which vitamins are fat soluble:

a)

B complex and C

b)

Iron and Calcium

c)

A,D,E,K

59.
When our body is low in or missing an essential nutrient this is called a 
a)
deficiency
b)
devise
c)
without
d)
deficit
60.

What does Vitamin A do?

a)

It helps your metabolism.

b)

It helps you see.

c)

Helps your genes.

d)

Helps your brain.

61.

What does Vitamin D do?

a)

Helps you see.

b)

Absorbs calcium from food.

c)

Helps you walk.

d)

Helps your brain.

62.

Deficiency of __________ causes Night blindness.

a)

Vitamin B1

b)

Vitamin D

c)

Vitamin A

63.

Having foods rich in this vitamin will prevent Beriberi disease.

a)

Vitamin A

b)

Vitamin C

c)

Vitamin B1

64.

Infection and bleeding of gums can be prevented by having foods rich in ___________.

a)

Iron

b)

Calcium

c)

Vitamin C

65.

Which foods are NOT rich in lipids?

a)

Fats

b)

Oils

c)

Pasta

d)

Butter

66.

Which of the following is NOT a function of a carbohydrate?

a)

quick, accessible energy for workouts

b)

major structural component of biological membranes

c)

structural rigidity in plant cell walls

d)

structural rigidity in insect exoskeletons

67.

Which one of the following is a function of lipids?

a)

storing genetic information in all life

b)

long term energy storage in animals

c)

rigid structural component of fungi cell walls

d)

speeding up chemical reations

68.

Many carbohydrate names end with what suffix: (try and remember the sugars you have heard of)

a)

ase

b)

ese

c)

in

d)

ose

69.

This type of fat (often found in plants) is liquid at room temperature because the crinkly nature of its carbon chains cause them to pack together less densely.

a)

monosaccharide

b)

polysaccharide

c)

saturated fat

d)

unsaturated fat

70.

Which carbohydrate/function pair is NOT correct?

a)

cellulose/rigid structural component of fungi cell wall

b)

chitin/rigid structure component in exoskeletons

c)

glycogen/accessible energy in muscles and liver

d)

starch/storeable energy in plants

71.

Which of the following molecular features would best help you identify a protein by its structure?

a)

rings filled with N and a P

b)

one or two Ns attached to C

c)

a chain of C surrounded by H almost exclusively

d)

a chain or ring of C surrounded by alternating H and OH

72.

Which of the following molecular features would best help you identify a lipid by its structure?

a)

rings filled with N and a P

b)

one or two Ns attached to C

c)

a chain of C surrounded by H almost exclusively

d)

a chain or ring of C surrounded by alternating H and OH

73.

Which function(s) listed below do nucleic acids provide for living things?

a)

short-term energy storage

b)

long-term energy storage

c)

store genetic information

d)

structural support

e)

speed up chemical reactions

74.

Chromatography is used to separate the components of a mixture and can be carried out in a range of different ways.

a) A suitable example of a ‘carrier gas’ in gas chromatography is

a)

Chlorine

b)

Nitrogen

c)

Steam

d)

Not possible to state, as there should be a vacuum

75.

(b) Separation is achieved in gas chromatography due to the components in the mixture having different

a)

Interactions with the stationary phase.

b)

Interactions with the mobile phase.

c)

Colours

d)

Solubility in the moving solvent.

76.

Which gas is the least suitable as a carrier gas in Gas-Liquid Chromatography?

a)

Argon

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Nitrogen

77.

Chromatography may be used to separate mixtures of amino acids. This is best explained by the fact that different amino acids have different interactions with

a)

the mobile phase only

b)

the stationary phase only

c)

the mobile phase and the stationary phase

d)

ninhydrin

78.

In one type of HPLC, the stationary phase is non-polar and a polar solvent is used as the eluent. Which of the following would travel through the chromatography column most quickly?

a)

Tetrachloromethane

b)

Chloromethane

c)

Iodomethane

d)

Hexane

79.

In HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) which of these factors does not affect the time taken for a component to pass through the column?

a)

Type of detector

b)

Material of stationary phase

c)

Particle size of stationary phase

d)

Temperature of column

80.

In gas chromatography, the time taken for a substance to travel through the column is called

a)

Reference time

b)

Retention time

c)

Separation time

d)

Travelling time

81.

Which of the following columns are not used in HPLC

a)

Analytical column

b)

Separation column

c)

Guard column

d)

Capillary column

82.

Which of the following will improve the efficiency of separation process in liquid chromatography?

a)

Increase in sample size, increase in column diameter

b)

Reduction in sample size, increase in column diameter

c)

Increase in sample size, reduction in column diameter

d)

Reduction in sample size, reduction in column diameter

83.
The retention factor is used
a)
to zero the chromatography scale
b)
to identify unknown compounds in a sample
c)
to retain solvent
d)
as a starting tool for chromatography
84.
The mobile phase in paper chromatography is typically a
a)
plasma
b)
solid
c)
gas
d)
liquid
85.

What type of structural lipid is the major component of membranes

a)

triglycerides

b)

glycerophospholipids

c)

sphingolipids

d)

sterols

86.

An unsaturated fatty acid is typically connect the which carbon on a glycerophospholipid

a)

carbon 1

b)

carbon 2

c)

carbon 3

87.

Which is not a common head group for phospholipids

a)

Serine

b)

Choline

c)

galactose

d)

ethanolamine

88.

Which of the following is NOT a type of sphingolipid?

a)

phosphatidylcholine

b)

sphingomyelin

c)

ganglioside

d)

ceramide

89.
what is the storage(s) form of carbohydrate found in mammals?
a)
Glucose and glycogen
b)
Glycogen
c)
starch
d)
Fiber and glycogen
90.
Which food is a good example of a fat?
a)
Pretzels
b)
Zucchini
c)
Cheese
d)
Spinach
91.

............................. contains alternating residues of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine.

a)

Pectine

b)

Blood Group Antigens

c)

Chondroitin sulfate

d)

Hyaluronic Acid

e)

Heparan sulfate

92.

Under acidic conditions, lipid molecule hydrolysis produces

a)

Glycerol + Water

b)

Glycerol + Fatty acids

c)

Glycerol + Fatty acid salts

d)

Water + Fatty acids

93.

Which is incorrectly paired?

a)

fats - energy storage lipids

b)

steroid hormones - messenger lipids

c)

glycerophospholipids - membrane lipids

d)

cholesterol - protective coating lipids

94.

The ff are unsaturated fatty acids, EXCEPT

a)

Arachidonic acid

b)

Palmitoleic acid

c)

Docosahexanoic acid

d)

Arachidic acid

95.

This lipid makes up 95% of stored lipids in the body.

a)

Triglycerides

b)

Monosacharrides

c)

Cholesterol

d)

Phospholipids

96.
Waterproofs, insulates, and stores energy long-term
a)
Carbohydrates
b)
Lipids
c)
Proteins
d)
Nucleic Acids
97.

The presence of which element in nucleic acids distinguishes them from proteins?

a)

nitrogen

b)

carbon

c)

sulfur

d)

phosphorus

98.

Triglyceride is composed of:

a)

Glycerol, 2 fatty acids

b)

3 Glycerols and 1 fatty acids

c)

3 Glycerides

d)

Glycerol, 3 fatty acids

99.
Carbon chains are principal features of both carbohydrates and lipids.  What is the primary difference between these two types of macromolecules?
a)
Lipids always have longer carbon chains than carbohydrates.
b)
Carbohydrates cannot form rings like lipids can.
c)
Lipids provide energy, but carbohydrates cannot.
d)
Carbohydrates form ring structures, lipids form long chains
100.
Lipid based hormones are __________.
a)
Sterols  (cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen and progesterone)
b)
Insulin
c)
serotonin
d)
neurotransmitters

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