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Biology A Final Exam Review 7.19.22

Total questions: 106

Worksheet time: 1hrs 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is a keystone species?

a)

A species that helps to hold an ecosystem together

b)

A species that lives in or around rocks

c)

Keys and stones have nothing to do with ecology

d)

A keystone isn't a living thing, it's just a stone

2.

Which is an example of a keystone species?

a)

Frogs

b)

Wolves

c)

Bees

d)

All of them

3.
A species that is NOT indigenous (native) to an area is called a/an: 
a)
native species
b)
natural species
c)
invasive species
d)
symbiotic species
4.
The term biodiversity means:
a)
a wide variety of plants and animals in an ecosystem
b)
only a few types of plants and animals in an ecosystem
c)
an ecosystem composed mostly of plants
d)
an ecosystem composed mostly of animals
5.
An increase of biodiversity is normally a result of introducing an invasive species into an ecosystem.
a)
True
b)
False
6.
What does the graph tell you about biodiversity between 1600 and 1959?
a)
biodiversity has increased
b)
biodiversity has decreased
c)
biodiversity has remained about the same
d)
not enough information to tell
7.
A species that maintain biodiversity by keeping prey populations controlled are called...
a)
Introduced Species
b)
Apex Predators
c)
Invasive Species
d)
Keystone Species
8.
A sea otter and a sea star are examples of...
a)
invasive species
b)
keystone species
c)
native species 
d)
symbiotic species
9.
A keystone species has...
a)
big impact on ecosystem, big population
b)
small impact on ecosystem, small population
c)
big impact on ecosystem, small population
d)
None of these
10.
Study the graph. In what year were zebra mussels introduced into the Hudson River?
a)
1987
b)
1991
c)
1993
d)
2009
11.
Based on the graph shown, what is the effect of removing a keystone species from an ecosystem?
a)
biodiversity goes up
b)
biodiversity goes down
c)
biodiversity stays about the same
d)
not enough information to tell
12.
Study the graph. Based on the graph shown, sea otters are a/an
a)
invasive species
b)
keystone species
c)
prey of sea urchins
d)
consumer of kelp
13.
Based on the graph shown, how can you tell sea otters are a keystone species?
a)
as the sea otter population decreases, biodiversity increases
b)
as sea otter population increases, biodiversity increases
c)
changes in the sea otter population have little effect on biodiversity 
d)
the sea otter population dereases due to the presence of urchins
14.
What is suggested by the similarity of early embryos of different species of vertebrates?
a)
no evolutionary relationships between the groups
b)
recent common ancestry
c)
similar environments in the past
d)
evolution from a distant common ancestor
15.
Some organisms that share a common ancestor have features that have different functions, but similar structures.  These are known as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
analogous structures
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil structures
16.
Two organisms that are closely related would have
a)
very similar DNA sequence
b)
exactly the same DNA sequences
c)
no proteins in common
d)
completely different DNA sequence
17.
How do fossils provide evidence that evolution has happened on Earth?
a)
Fossils show how the sizes of certain animals has changed drastically over millions of years
b)
Fossils show that some species have gone extinct
c)
Fossils show how life forms present today are different than those from the past
d)
Different sedimentary rock layers provide evidence for how the environment has changed over time
18.
Protein sequences in one organism that resemble those of another suggest a 
a)
coincidence
b)
lack of evolutionary relationship
c)
great number of mutations
d)
shared ancestry
19.
The diagram above shows an embryo of different vertebrates at different stages of development. Which field of study would support the similarities in development as evidence for evolution?
a)
comparative biochemistry
b)
paleontology
c)
comparative biogeography
d)
comparative embryology
20.
Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with aged and identified fossils?
a)
fossil record
b)
comparative embryology
c)
comparative biochemistry
d)
comparative anatomy
21.
Which of the following pieces of evolution evidence deals with similar molecules in related individual species?
a)
fossil record
b)
comparative embryology
c)
DNA comparison
d)
comparative anatomy
22.
Most favorable/advantageous traits in a population are selected for and passed on.
a)
Sexual Selection
b)
Natural Selection
c)
Non-random Mating
d)
Gene Flow
23.
A graphic illustration that shows each trophic level and the amount of useable energy contained within.
a)
Food chain
b)
Food web
c)
Energy Pyramid
d)
All of these
24.
An organism at the second trophic level would be considered a...
a)
Top carnivore
b)
Producer
c)
Herbivore
d)
Carnivore
25.
The general name for organisms like animals and fungi that get their energy from eating other organisms.
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Detritivores
d)
Carnivores
26.
Organisms that can capture energy from inorganic, nonliving sources.
a)
Producers
b)
Consumers
c)
Detritivores
d)
Carnivores
27.
Water temperature would be an example of ...
a)
A biotic factor
b)
An abiotic factor
28.
The living portions of the ecosystem.
a)
Biotic factors
b)
Abiotic factors
29.
An illustration that uses arrows to show the many possible directions in which matter and energy can pass through the organisms in an ecosystem.
a)
Food chain
b)
Food web
c)
Energy Pyramid
d)
Succession Map
30.
The amount of energy that usually transfers from one trophic level to the next...
a)
10%
b)
20%
c)
80%
d)
50%
31.
What does a food web represent?
a)
All connections of energy flow throughout all organisms in a habitat.
b)
The specific ways that mutualism is carried out.
c)
A single pathway or energy flow between organisms. 
d)
How carnivores get their food. 
32.
A living relationship between two species in which one organism is harmed is called...
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
parasitism
d)
niche
33.
symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
a)
competition
b)
Mutualism
c)
nitrogen fixation
d)
energy pyramid
34.
Autotrophs make up the _______ level in all ecosystems.
a)
First
b)
Second
c)
Third
d)
Fourth
35.
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a biological community?
a)
energy path
b)
food web
c)
trophic level
d)
food pyramid
36.
What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
carbon
37.
The reactants of photosynthesis are
a)
sugar and water.
b)
sugar and oxygen.
c)
carbon dioxide and water.
d)
carbon dioxide and oxygen.
38.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
b)
6CO2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> O2 
c)
6O2 + 6H2O --> 6CO2 + C6H12O6
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2 
39.
Which of the following best describes photosynthesis?
a)
Photosynthesis converts radiant energy into chemical energy.
b)
Photosynthesis produces carbohydrates.
c)
Plants need sunlight, carbon dioxide, water, nutrients, and chlorophyll to complete photosynthesis.
d)
Plants use chlorophyll, water, and carbon dioxide to make sugar.
40.
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
a)
to break down food
b)
to create energy in the body
c)
to release energy from food
d)
there is none; it's a waste of time
41.

The first step of cellular respiration where glucose is broken down in to pyruvate is called

a)

Electron transport chain

b)

Krebs cycle

c)

Glycolysis

42.

After cellular respiration is complete, how many ATP are made?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

12

d)

38

43.

Photosynthesis takes place in which organelle?

a)

chloroplast

b)

mitochondria

44.

Cellular respiration happens in

a)

plants only

b)

animals only

c)

plants and animals

45.

What are the products of photosynthesis?

a)

carbon dioxide and water

b)

glucose and oxygen

c)

sunlight and water

d)

glucose and carbon dioxide

46.

What are the products of cellular respiration?

a)

carbon dioxide, water, ATP

b)

oxygen and carbon dioxide

c)

water and sunlight

d)

glucose and carbon dioxide

47.

What is the purpose of cellular respiration

a)

to create energy

b)

to produce glucose

c)

to produce oxygen

d)

all of these

48.

What are the two cycles of photosynthesis called?

a)

light dependent and Calvin cycle (light independent)

b)

Calvin and Hobbes Cycle

c)

neither of these

49.

What are the reactants of cellular respiration?

a)

Oxygen and Glucose

b)

Carbon Dioxide and Sunlight

c)

Carbon Dioxide and Water

d)

Glucose and Carbon Dioxide

50.

What are the reactants of Photosynthesis?

a)

Glucose and Oxygen

b)

Carbon Dioxide, Water, Sunlight

c)

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

d)

Glucose and Carbon Dioxide

51.
Which two processes are major contributors in the movement of carbon in the carbon cycle? 
a)
respiration and evaporation 
b)
respiration and photosynthesis 
c)
condensation and evaporation 
d)
photosynthesis and condensation 
52.
Which of the following are the reactants of photosynthesis? 
a)
carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) 
b)
oxygen (O2) and water (H20) 
c)
water (H20) and glucose (C6H12O6) 
d)
glucose (C6H12O6) and carbon dioxide (CO2) 
53.
Which activity of primary consumers returns carbon to the atmosphere? 
a)
the breakdown of carbon compounds during the process of digestion 
b)
the release of carbon dioxide during the process of respiration 
c)
the generation of carbon­containing waste that is used by decomposers 
d)
the transfer of carbon in various forms when food is consumed by consumers 
54.
What is the main source of energy for photosynthesis? 
a)
carbon dioxide 
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
glucose 
55.
Which equation correctly  describes the process of photosynthesis?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
56.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
57.
The energy carrier that the cell uses to power its day to day activities is 
a)
ATP
b)
NADH
c)
FADH2
d)
glucose
58.
What are the REACTANTS for cellular respiration?
a)
oxygen and carbon dioxide
b)
water and glucose
c)
carbon dioxide and water
d)
glucose and oxygen
59.

What reaction is the opposite of photosynthesis?

a)

cellular respiration

b)

nitrogen fixation

c)

fermentation

60.

What products of photosynthesis and reactants for respiration belong in the box at the top to complete the cycle?

a)

Glucose and oxygen

b)

Water and CO2

c)

Glucose and ATP

d)

Proteins and amino acids

61.
In which way are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
a)
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP
b)
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen
c)
Photosynthesis release energy, while cellular respiration stores energy.
d)
Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.
62.
Which gas is removed from the atmosphere during photosynthesis?
a)
hydrogen
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon dioxide
63.

What is cellular respiration?

a)

the breakdown of glucose to release ATP

b)

the breakdown of glucose to release carbon

64.

The first step of cellular respiration where glucose is broken down in to pyruvate is called

a)

Electron transport chain

b)

Krebs cycle

c)

Glycolysis

65.
What does NOT produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
66.
TRUE or FALSE?
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle.
a)
True
b)
False
67.
Carbon can be found in...
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Soil
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above
68.
Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?
a)
water
b)
nutrients
c)
air
d)
fossil fuels
69.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
70.
Respiration is the process by which animals take in _____ and release _____. 
a)
photosynthesis, air
b)
carbon, oxygen
c)
oxygen
d)
oxygen, carbon dioxide
71.

Which is a true statement?

a)

Humans depend on oxygen, plants depend on carbon dioxide

b)

Plants produce carbon dioxide

c)

Humans depend on carbon dioxide, plants depend on oxygen

d)

Humans don't depend on plants for the air they need

72.

Plants use ____________ to make their own food

a)

Water

b)

Sunlight

c)

Carbon dioxide

d)

All of these

73.

Which gas do plants release, that humans depend on for survival?

a)

Water

b)

Carbon Dioxide

c)

Oxygen

d)

Sugar

74.

The process of plants turning carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and sugar is called

a)

Respiration

b)

Oxidation

c)

Photosynthesis

d)

Combustion

75.

How do plants affect the air that animals and people breathe?

a)

Plants use oxygen from the air to make their own food

b)

Plants release pollution into the air

c)

Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen

d)

Plants take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

76.

Which gas do animals release, that plants depend on for survival?

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

Sunlight

d)

Water

77.

How does the human body return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

a)

Waste products

b)

Photosynthesis

c)

Cellular respiration

d)

Formation of glucose

78.

Why is burning fossil fuels harmful?

a)

they cause cancer

b)

They can get extremely hot

c)

it increases the amount of carbon dioxode/greenhouse gases in the air

d)

this would destroy fossils

79.
Which one of these does not add CO2 to the atmosphere?
a)
cooking with gas
b)
planting trees
c)
burning wood
d)
riding in a bus
80.
Which of the following removes carbon from the atmosphere?
a)
Combustion
b)
Respiration
c)
Photosynthesis
d)
Death
81.
Which symbols best describe mutualism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
82.
Which symbols best describe parasitism?
a)
+,+
b)
+,-
c)
+,0
d)
-,0
83.
A tick and a dog have this type of relationship.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
neutralism
d)
parasitism
84.
Cattle egrets are birds that forage in fields among cattle. The egrets get easy access to food and the cattle don't care if they are there or not.
a)
mutualism
b)
commensalism
c)
competition
d)
parasitism
85.
Red-billed oxpeckers are birds that feed on parasites found on an impala. The impala gets rid of parasites and the red-billed oxpeckers get a yummy dinner. This is an example of _______.
a)
commensalism
b)
mutualism
c)
neutralism
d)
competition
86.

A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unharmed.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Competition

c)

Parasitsm

d)

Commensalism

87.
Barnacles create home sites by attaching themselves to whales. This neither harms nor benefits the whales.
a)
Mutualsim 
b)
Parasitism 
c)
Commensalism 
88.

Two organisms that are so similar they can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring.

a)

biotic factor

b)

herbivore

c)

ecosystem

d)

species

89.

Silverfish live and hunt with army ants. They share the prey. They neither help nor harm the ants.

a)

Mutualism

b)

Parasitism

c)

Commensalism

d)

Predation

90.
a relationship that occurs when two or more organims of the same species need the same resource at the same time
a)
competition
b)
symbiosis
c)
predation
91.

Ostriches and gazelles are two animals that live in Africa. They graze for food near each other because they help each other spot predators. The gazelle has excellent eyesight, but poor hearing, and the ostrich has excellent hearing, but poor eyesight. These two animals will alert one another when danger is near. Which term best describes this relationship?

a)

Predation

b)

Commensalism

c)

Mutualism

d)

Parasitism

92.

A yellow morph and green morph of an insect lives in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:

a)

the green population to increase and the yellow to decrease

b)

both populations should stay the same

c)

both populations will increase

d)

the green population to decrease and the yellow to increaseThis is a wrong answer

93.

How do you "win" at natural selection?

a)

survive

b)

go extinct

c)

survive & reproduce

94.

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

camouflage

d)

adaptation

95.
Change over time
a)
Natural Selection
b)
Selective Breeding
c)
Homeostasis
d)
Evolution
96.

Natural Selection is driven by a change in the environment and survival of the

a)

Earth

b)

Fastest

c)

Fittest

d)

Biggest

97.
In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?
a)
Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce
b)
Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs
c)
We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.
d)
There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.
98.
Why do peppered moths tend to be the same color as the trees on which they live?
a)
The coloring goes along with tasting like the tree. 
b)
It keeps the moth the same temperature as the tree. 
c)
It makes the moths faster than the birds
d)
It makes the moths harder to see.
99.
Which of these is an example of natural selection?
a)
The largest animal in a population will have more opportunities for reproduction.
b)
Several species of organisms work together so that they all succeed.
c)
One species takes all the resources in an environment leaving none for others.
d)
Organism that are best suited to an environment tend to survive and reproduce more often.
100.
Which of the following explains adaptation.
a)
An individual organism changes to meet its needs in the environment. These changes pass down to their offspring.
b)
The species as a whole changes their characteristics.
c)
Beneficial traits allow organism to survive and pass on those traits
d)
New characteristics arise in a species as needed.  If these traits are helpful, they are passed down.
101.
A large herd of goats lives in a field full of poison ivy.  Some goats are able to eat the poison ivy while others have become sick when they eat it. Over time the herd as a whole will tend to
a)
Become more likely to eat poison ivy.
b)
Become less likely to eat poison ivy.
c)
Not change in the proportion of goats that can and can not eat poison ivy.
d)
Eat all the poison ivy and leave only plants all the goats can eat.
102.
Darwin studied which of these species on Galapagos?
a)
Pigeons and tortoises
b)
Tortoises and finches
c)
Finches and Pigeons
d)
Zebras and Mockingbirds
103.
Which of these would best form a fossil?
a)
Muscle
b)
Bone
c)
Skin 
d)
Leaves
104.
When an environment changes faster that an species can adapt, the most likely outcome is...
a)
...biological evolution.
b)
...voluntary mutation
c)
...species extinction
d)
...selective breeding
105.
A group of orangutan have become very similar after a series of drastic changes in their environment.  This similarity is likely the result of
a)
selective breeding
b)
random mutaion
c)
inbreeding
d)
natural selection
106.
Evolution works by 
a)
individuals changing to suit their environment
b)
Individuals learned new traits and pass them on
c)
sudden change in the environment cause a species change 
d)
small changes pass down through many generations

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