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Worksheetsbyu anatomy final 1-3
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 45mins
Which list shows the correct order of levels of organization?
organisms, organs, cell, tissue, organ system
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
cell, tissue, organ system, organ, organism
tissue, cell, organ system, organ, organism
Which type of muscle tissue is found in a bicep muscle that moves the lower arm?
connective
smooth
cardiac
skeletal
What is it called when similar cells all perform a specific function?
tissue
organ system
organ
cell
Which of the following processes is described as the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?
diffusion
active transport
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
What is the purpose of proteins in the cell membrane?
to help the cell identify other cells
to allow a corridor for substances to pass through
to provide a place for exocytosis to occur
to provide strength to the cell membrane
What is the main function of a lysosome?
to release energy
to control cell function
to break down nutrients
to make proteins
Which organelle makes proteins?
chloroplast
nucleus
mitochondria
ribosome
What type of tissue is bone?
nervous
connective
muscle
epithelial
What type of tissue is the uppermost layer of the skin?
muscle
nervous
epithelial
connective
If a human cell were placed in a hypotonic solution like pure water, what would happen?
Water would enter the cell and it would swell.
Water would leave the cell and it would swell.
The cell would remain unchanged.
Water would leave the cell and it would shrink.
Which structure is not found in an animal cell?
nucleus
cell membrane
cell wall
mitochondria
What is the process by which DNA copies itself?
translation
transcription
replication
transformation
Which structure in the cell membrane acts as a door and controls what enters and leaves a cell?
carbohydrate
cell wall
protein
lipid
Which structure is the basic building block of life?
cell
nucleus
DNA
ribosome
Which scientist(s) first modeled the correct structure of DNA?
Avery
Watson and Crick
Griffith
Hershey and Chase
The cell membrane is constructed mainly of __________
phosopholipid bilayer.
ribosomes.
proteins.
carbohydrates.
Which organelle controls a cell’s activities and contains DNA?
nucleus
chloroplast
ribosome
mitochondria
What is the process by which DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA?
translation
transcription
transformation
replication
Which organizational level includes all of the other levels?
tissue
organ
cell
organism
What is the function of the specific carbohydrates that are attached to the cell membrane?
to identify the cell as one of the body’s own cells and not a foreign material
to protect the cell from dissolving in water
to allow molecules in and out of the cell
to help to make proteins
Which of the following are found in both DNA and RNA?
guanine and cytosine
deoxyribose sugar and thymine
ribose sugar and adenine
uracil and cytosine
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell, where respiration takes place and energy is released?
mitochondria
nucleus
ribosome
chloroplast
What is it called when a white blood cell engulfs a bacterium?
diffusion
endocytosis
exocytosis
osmosis
What type of solution is used in an IV solution that is pumped into your body?
isotonic
hypertonic
hypotonic
What is the sum of all chemical reactions that take place in the body?
metabolism
metamorphosis
reproduction
homeostasis
Which base bonds with guanine?
thymine
cytosine
adenine
uracil
What is the ability of our bodies to keep a stable, constant internal environment?
metabolism
homeostasis
metamorphosis
reproduction
When amino acids bond together, what are formed?
strands of DNA
proteins
carbohydrates
lipids
Choose the correct mRNA strand that would transcribe from AGTACGCAT.
UCAUGCGUA
TCATGCGTA
TCAUGCGTA
AGTACGCAT
What is a genetic mutation?
a change in the DNA sequence
when a person gets sick
a disfigurement from an accident
DNA that does not code for anything
What type of injury has occurred if a ligament is stretched or torn?
fracture
sprain
dislocation
contusion
Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
sternum
scapula
coxa (hip bone)
humerus
If you were an archaeologist and found a bone whose length was just about equal to its width, what type of bone would you classify it as?
flat bone
short bone
irregular bone
long bone
Which type of tissue connects muscles to bones?
cartilage
tendon
ligament
smooth muscle
What tissue wears out and causes arthritis in your joints?
cartilage
tendons
fat
ligaments
What does red bone marrow produce for the body?
fat cells
blood cells
bone cells
muscle cells
Which muscle type is striated, is attached to bone, and tires quickly?
skeletal
cardiac
smooth
If a muscle’s origin was at the femur, insertion was at the tibia and fibula, and it caused flexion of the knee, what muscle would this be?
gluteus maximus
biceps femoris
rectus femoris
gastrocnemius
Which of the following descriptions is true in reference to anatomical direction?
The lungs are superficial to the skin.
The heart is superior to the stomach.
The nose is lateral to the ears.
The fingers are proximal to the wrist.
What is the name of the material that helps cushion the ends of bones in joints?
ligament
cartilage
tendon
spongy bone
Which visualized “cut” passes through the long axis of the body (from head to foot) and creates posterior and anterior portions?
transverse section
perpendicular section
frontal section
sagittal section
How can you prevent osteoporosis?
stretch before you exercise
take specific drugs
brush your teeth daily
eat enough calcium while young
In which of the following areas of the body would you find cardiac muscle tissue?
arm
heart
intestine
back
In which of the following areas of the body would you find skeletal muscle tissue?
esophagus
heart
arm
intestine
What is the bone that is lateral to the tibia?
tarsals
fibula
patella
femur
If a muscle’s origin was at the humerus and insertion was at the ulna, what joint would it flex or extend?
wrist
neck
upper back
elbow
Which bone cell breaks down bone tissue to release minerals into the body?
osteocytes
osteoclasts
osteoblasts
osteogenesis
Which is the correct sequence of muscle structures from the largest to the smallest?
muscle, muscle fibers, actin and myosin, myofibrils
muscle, myofibrils, muscle fibers, actin and myosin
muscle, muscle fibers, myofibrils, actin and myosin
What type of injury has occurred if a bone comes out of its joint?
fracture
fracture
dislocation
contusion
What is the name of the strong material that helps hold joints together?
cartilage
muscle
ligaments
marrow
Which of the following bones run parallel to each other?
clavicle and humerus
humerus and ulna
radius and ulna
radius and humerus
Myosin is one of the proteins used in muscle contraction; which is the other protein?
actin
cartilage
tendon
polyurethane
Your shoulder joint is what type of joint?
gliding
pivot
ball-and socket
hinge
Which two important minerals are stored in large amounts in your bones?
calcium and phosphate
zinc and copper
calcium and potassium
phosphate and potassium
In which of the following areas of the body would you find smooth muscle tissue?
arm
heart
intestine
back
What axial muscle elevates the jaw and allows chewing?
frontalis
diaphragm
massetter
sternocleidomastoid
What part of the body is a gliding joint?
neck
knee
hip
wrist
Where are blood cells produced?
muscles
cartilage
bone marrow
ligaments
What is the function of yellow bone marrow?
generates compact bone
creates blood cells
stores blood cells
stores fat for energy
What part of the body is a hinge joint?
neck
wrist
knee
hip
A person with AIDS will usually die of what?
anaphylactic shock
the HIV virus
a secondary infection like pneumonia
Which cell engulfs and digests a pathogen?
mast cell
B cell
phagocyte
What does the term metastasize mean when referring to cancer?
It indicates that the cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body.
It tells you where the cancer cells started to form.
It indicates what causes the cancer.
It indicates the size of the cancer tumor.
What substance produced by the skin protects the skin cells from ultraviolet radiation?
lysozyme
melanin
keratin
mucus
What does an antibody attach to when identifying a pathogen?
antigen
lymphocyte
neutrophil
What molecule is connected to the surface of pathogens?
histamine
antibodies
lysozyme
antigen
What is a vaccine?
an injection that kills the disease with a stronger disease
an injection that contains a weaker version of the disease
an injection of medicine that will kill a disease
What substance, produced by the skin, helps break down the cell walls of bacteria?
lysozyme
melanin
keratin
mucus
Which virus was used to help create the vaccine for smallpox?
flu
cowpox
chicken pox
What is in a vaccine?
antibodies
white blood cells
dead or weakened pathogens
medication
Which of the following is a function of keratin?
strengthens the epidermis
changes the darkness of skin
gives nutrients to the skin
gives moisture to the skin
What layer of the skin contains the sweat glands?
hypodermis
none of these
dermis
epidermis
Who developed the first western vaccine?
Joseph Lister
Edward Jenner
Louis Pasteur
What does HIV do to the body?
destroys the cells of important organs
causes pneumonia
attacks immune cells
What is it called when a person has a serious overreaction to an allergen?
anaphylactic shock
AIDS
lupus
If you were outside in the winter with only a t-shirt on, what would be one response of the skin?
Arrector pili muscles would contract, making your hair stand up.
Nerve endings would heat the epidermis.
Sweat glands would release sweat onto the epidermal layer.
What did Lister contribute to the germ theory of disease?
Microscopic organisms can contaminate other organisms.
Pathogens can cause infections and can be eliminated.
You can systematically identify a pathogen that is causing a disease.
What is a nonharmful antigen called?
an antibody
an allergen
an allergy
What substance produced by the skin acts as a strong barrier to pathogens (bacteria and viruses)?
lysozyme
melanin
keratin
mucus
In some cultures, women must wear clothing that covers their entire body except for their eyes. A large number of these same women show a tendency to have very weak bones. Why?
The culture also restricts women’s diets.
Vitamin D is not produced because their skin in not exposed to the sun.
Vitamin D is removed from the body because there is not exposure to the sun.
They produce too much melanin with no sun exposure.
What idea did Pasteur contribute to the germ theory of disease?
Microscopic organisms can contaminate other organisms.
Pathogens can cause infections and can be eliminated.
You can systematically identify a pathogen that is causing a disease.
What substance is produced in the integumentary system that gives a darker color to the skin?
vitamin K
oil
melanin
keratin
What do your sweat glands do to help protect you from pathogens?
create a physical barrier
secrete oil and acids that kill some pathogens
produce white blood cells that kill some pathogens
What chemical is produced by mast cells to start the inflammatory response?
histamine
lysozyme
lymphocyte
antigen
What did Koch contribute to the germ theory of disease?
Microscopic organisms can contaminate other organisms.
Pathogens can cause infections and can be eliminated.
You can systematically identify a pathogen that is causing a disease
What does the germ theory of disease indicate is the cause of infectious diseases?
pathogens
genes
chemicals
How was the bubonic plague transmitted to humans?
mosquito bites
foul-smelling air
bacteria found in rats
Multiple sclerosis affects what part of your body?
nervous system
connective tissue
lymph nodes
If you were outside in the summer on a very hot day, what would be one response of the skin?
Arrector pili muscles would contract, making your hair stand up.
Nerve endings would cool the epidermis.
Sweat glands would release sweat onto the epidermal layer.
What are antibodies produced by?
sweat glands
natural killer cells
pathogens
B cells
