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Dr. Corso Endocrine (ezgen #2 Carbohydrate metabolism)

Total questions: 61

Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

 02 What happens to most glucose after it enters the liver cell?

a)

phosphorylated with ATP by glucokinase to become glucose-6-phosphate and ADP

b)

phosphorylated with ATP by hexokinase to become glucose-6-phosphate and ADP

c)

phosphorylated with ATP by phosphoglucomutase to become glucose-1-phosphate

and ADP

2.

What hormone increases the activity  03 of glucokinase?

a)

glucagon

b)

insulin

3.

found on most tissues

a)

Glut 1

b)

Glut 2

c)

Glutv 3

d)

Glut 4

4.

found in Liver,

Pancrease and

Intestinal cells

a)

Glut 2

b)

Glut 4

c)

Glut 1

d)

Glut 3

5.

insulin sensitive and

found on muscle and

adipose cells

a)

Glut 4

b)

Glut 3

c)

Glut 2

d)

Glut 1

6.

found on neurons

a)

Glut 3

b)

Glut 1

c)

Glut 2

d)

Glut 4

7.

Found in most other

cells

a)

Hexokinase

b)

Gliut 4

c)

Glut 2

d)

Glucokinase

8.

Found in Liver and

Pancrease cells

a)

Glucokinase

b)

Glut 2

c)

Hexokinase

d)

Glut 1

9.

The reaction of glucose + ATP in the presence of glucokinase

would create which product?

a)

Fructose

b)

Fructose-1-phosphate

c)

Glucose-6-phosphate

d)

Fructose-6-phosphate

10.

Glucose-6-phosphate in the presence of the enzyme

phosphoglucomutase will reversably convert some of the

molecules to which other molecule?

a)

Galactose-6-phosphate

b)

Glucose-1-phosphate

c)

Gh

d)

UDP-glucose

11.

The reaction of glucose-1-phosphate with UTP in the

presence of UDP-glycosepyrophosphorylase would create

which other molecules. (note this reaction is reversable)

a)

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and UDP

b)

UDP-Glucose and pyrophosphate

c)

Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and UDP

d)

Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate and UDP

12.

The reaction of UDP-glucose + Glycogen in the presence of

active glycogen synthase produces?

a)

glycogen that is one glycose larger + UDP

b)

galactose

c)

mannose

d)

sucrose

13.

Which of the following are usual features of Anderson's

disease?

a)

fasting hypoglycemia

b)

enlarged liver

c)

enlarged spleen

d)

can also affect muscle, heart and brain in some cases

14.

For the synthesis of glycogen, put these chemical structures

in the order they are formed.

a)

Glucose

Glucose-6-phosphate

Glucose-1-phosphate

UDP-glucose

Glycogen (n+1)

Branched Glycogen

b)

Glucose-6-phosphate

Glucose

UDP-glucose

Glucose-1-phosphate

Glycogen (n+1)

Branched Glycogen

c)

Glucose-1-phosphate

Glucose-6-phosphate

Glucose

UDP-glucose

Branched Glycogen

Glycogen (n+1)

15.

For the synthesis of glycogen, put these enzymes in the order

they are used.

a)

1. glucokinase (liver), hexokinase (muscle and other tissues)

2. phosphoglucomutase

3. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase

4. Glycogen Synthase

5. Branching enzyme

b)

1. phosphoglucomutase

2. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase

3. Glycogen Synthase

4. Branching enzyme

5. glucokinase (liver), hexokinase (muscle and other tissues)

16.

For the liver, which of these enzymes is not reversable and is

also promoted by insulin signaling?

a)

glucokinase

b)

phosphoglucomutase

c)

UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase

d)

Glycogen Synthase

17.

promote glycogen

breakdown

a)

glucagon

b)

insulin

18.

promotes glycogen

synthesis

a)

insulin

b)

glucagon

19.

Glucagon cascade - put these in order following glucagon

binding its receptor

a)

1. G-alpha-s protein binds GTP

2. activated G-alpha-s activates adenylate cyclase

3. synthesis of cAMP

4. activation of PKA

5. phosphorylation of the Glycogen Synthase / Glycogen Phosphorylase complex

6. Breakdown of glycogen

b)

1. activates adenylate cyclase

2. synthesis of cAMP

3. activation of PKA

4. phosphorylation of the Glycogen Synthase / Glycogen Phosphorylase complex

5. Breakdown of glycogen

6. G-alpha-s protein binds GTP

activated G-alpha-s

20.

decreased

movement of

glucose into muscle

and fat cells,

elevated

a)

Glut4 transporter

deficiency

b)

Anderson's disease

c)

Glut1 transporter

deficiency

21.

enlarged liver due to

reduced glycogen

branching

a)

Anderson's disease

b)

Glut1 transporter

deficiency

c)

Glut2 transporter

deficiency

22.

decrease of glucose

entry into cells, brain

most affected

a)

Glut1 transporter

deficiency

b)

Glut2 transporter

deficiency

c)

Anderson's disease

23.

decreased

movement of

glucose into and out

of the liver

a)

Glut2 transporter

deficiency

b)

Her's disease

c)

Pompe's disease

24.

enlarged liver, fasting

hypoglycemia,

excessive normal

glycogen stored in

liver

a)

Her's disease

b)

Pompe's disease

c)

Glut2 transporter

deficiency

25.

Lysosomal storage

disorder, where

glycogen

accumulates in the

lysosomes.

a)

Pompe's disease

b)

McArdle's disease

c)

type zero glycogen

storage disorder

26.

muscle fatigue,

excessive normal

glycogen stored in

muscle

a)

McArdle's disease

b)

type zero glycogen

storage disorder

c)

Pompe's disease

27.

decreased glycogen

synthesis, fasting

hypoglycemia

a)

type zero glycogen

storage disorder

b)

McArdle's disease

c)

Her's disease

28.

enlarged liver, fasting

hypoglycemia, excess

normal glycogen in

the liver, high

glucose-6-phosphate

levels

a)

Von Gierkes disease

b)

McArdle's disease

c)

Anderson's disease

29.

muscle fatigue,

excess normal

glycogen in the

muscle

a)

McArdle's disease

b)

Von Gierkes disease

c)

Anderson's disease 

30.

enlarged liver, excess

unbranched glycogen in the liver

a)

Anderson's disease 

b)

McArdle's disease

c)

Von Gierkes disease

31.

enlarged liver, fasting

hypoglycemia,

muscle fatigue,

excess short

branched glycogen in

the liver and muscle

a)

Cori's disease

b)

Her's disease

c)

Pompe's disease

32.

enlarged liver, fasting

hypoglycemia, excess

normal glycogen in

the liver

a)

Her's disease

b)

Pompe's disease

c)

Cori's disease

33.

lysosomal storage

disorder with excess

glycogen in

lysosomes of many

tissues

a)

Pompe's disease

b)

Her's disease

c)

Cori's disease

34.

PKA, promoting

glycogen break down

almost exclusively in

the liver

a)

Glucagon Receptor

activation activates

b)

Insulin Receptor

activation activates

35.

PKB, promoting

glycogen synthesis

mostly in liver and

muscle

a)

Insulin Receptor

activation activates

b)

Glucagon Receptor

activation activates

36.

PKC, promoting

glycogen break down

mostly in the liver

a)

alpha-1 adrenergic

receptors activate

b)

beta-1 adrenergic

receptors activate

37.

PKA, promoting

glycogen break down

mostly in the muscle

and liver

a)

alpha-1 adrenergic

receptors activate

b)

beta-1 adrenergic

receptors activate

38.

Name this molecule.

a)

Fructose

b)

Galactose

c)

Glucose

39.

What is the product  02 of this reaction?

a)
b)
40.

The reaction of glucose with ATP and hexokinase produces

which two products?

a)

ADP

b)

AMP

c)

Fructose

d)

Glucose-6-phosphate

41.

Starting with 1 molecule of glucose, how many ATP have

been used after step 3?

a)

2

b)

4

c)

12

d)

6

42.

After the first 5 steps of glycolysis, glucose, which has ____carbons, is

phosphorylated with____ molecules of___ at

steps___ and____ , and then in steps 4 and 5

cleaved and isomerized into_____ molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

that has ____carbons per molecule.

a)

6, 2, ATP, 1, 3, 2, 3

b)

4, 2, ATP, 2, 3, 1, 2

c)

3, 2, ATP, 3, 1, 2 , 6

43.

What is the product of this reaction with the addition of ATP?

a)

fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

b)

Fructose

c)

Glucose

d)

Glucose-6-phosphate

44.

What is the product  07 of this reaction?

a)
b)
45.

What are the products  08 of this reaction?

a)

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate

b)

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

c)

Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate

d)

Fructose-6-phosphate

46.

What is the product of this reaction?

a)

2-phosphoglycerate

b)

3-phosphoglycerate

c)

glyceraldehyde dehydrogenase 

47.

What are the two products  02 of this reaction?

a)

phosphoenolpyruvate

b)

water

c)

pyruvate

48.

What are the products of pyruvate, NADH and lactate

dehydrogenase?

a)

ADP

b)

AT

c)

Lactate

d)

NAD +

49.

What are the products of ethanol, NAD+ and alcohol

dehydrogenase

a)

acetaldehyde

b)

NADH

c)

acetate

d)

isopropyl alcohol

50.

activates

gluconeogenesis in

the liver

a)

Glucagon during the

fasting state

b)

Insulin during the fed

state

c)

Glucokinase

51.

activates glycolysis in

the liver

a)

Insulin during the fed

state

b)

Glucagon during the

fasting state

c)

Glucose-6-

Phosphatase

52.

activated by insulin

a)

Glucokinase

b)

Glucose-6-phosphatase

c)

Insulin during the fed

state

53.

activated by glycagon

a)

Glucose-6-

Phosphatase

b)

Glucokinase

c)

insulin during the fed state

54.

Pyruvate is converted to which product by the enzyme

Pyruvate carboxylase?

a)

Oxaloacetate

b)

alanine

c)

glucose

d)

lactate

55.

How many ATP's are used in the first half of glycolysis starting

with 1 molecule of glucose and ending with 2 molecules of

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

6

56.

The conversion of Lactate to Pyruvate in the liver requires

which co-substrate?

a)

ADP

b)

AT

c)

NAD+

d)

NADH

57.

The conversion of 1 molecule of glucose to 2 molecules of

lactate produces which products?

a)

1 ATP

b)

2 ATP

c)

4 ATP

d)

2 ATP AND 2 NADH

58.

Arsenate will prevent ATP production by interfering with

which step of glycolysis? Name the enzyme for this step.

a)

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

b)

PKF

c)

PKF-1

d)

HEXOKINASE

59.

How many ATP are needed to go from lactate to glucose in a

liver cell?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

6

d)

5

60.

Atkins diet promotes a very low carbohydrate intake. Since

the RBCs depend entirely on glucose and the brain heavily

depends on glucose, what is the largest source of carbons for

gluconeogenesis?

a)

amino acids

b)

fatty aci

c)

glycerol

d)

lactate

61.

How does most glucose enter the liver cell during high blood

glucose?

a)

Glut2 transporter

b)

Glut4 transporter

c)

Glut1 transporter

d)

Glut5 transporter