•Our friend Carbo is taking a trip from your mouth to your (shall we say?) anus.

•1. Digestive juices are produced by the salivary glands in the mouth.

–The saliva contains _____ that begins to digest starch, a carbohydrate.

• In the small intestine, the pancreas produces pancreatic ______ to further digest carbohydrates.

(a)  

•Our friend Fats (he’s really skinny) is taking a trip from your mouth to your (shall we say?) anus.

•The liver produces ____ and is stored in the gallbladder between meals.

•The ____ mixes with fat in the small intestine where it can be digested by lipase.

(a)  

Nutrients, along with water and minerals, are absorbed through the _____ _____

(a)  

•The abdomen has a moist membrane called the peritoneum.

•The peritoneum has two parts:

–Parietal layer- this lines the back  and front of the abdomen, it adheres to the walls

–Visceral layer- this lines the?

(a)  

Label 1

•Between the parietal and visceral layer of the peritoneum is thee 1._____ cavity

–Increased fluid in this space is called- 2.______ (suggests liver dysfunction)

(a)  

Label 2

•Between the parietal and visceral layer of the peritoneum is thee 1._____ cavity

–Increased fluid in this space is called- 2.______ (suggests liver dysfunction)

(a)  

•If an organ is behind the peritoneum, if it overlaps the organ rather than the wall, we call this _______ (retro = behind)

the pancreas and the kidneys are ______

(a)  

• (a)   peritoneum suspends the GI tract

–Allows for great amount of movement for the intestinal muscles to mix and move it’s content

–Abdominal surgery may cause adhesions, what effect may this have on digestion?

–The liver is suspended by the falciform ligament which attaches to the anterior wall, this is the only organ attached to the anterior abdominal wall

•The (a)   is a folding of the peritoneum

–It contains blood vessels and binds the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall

• (a)   is a fold OF the peritoneum

–It contains blood vessels and binds the large intestine (colon) to the posterior abdominal wall

•Funnel-shaped tube extending from internal nose to the esophagus (posterior) and larynx (anterior)

(a)  

•Whatever is swallowed goes to the stomach automatically due to esophageal (a)   (misspelled in Stouder's PowerPoint, I spelled it correctly as peristalsis)

• (a)   mechanism: Contents of stomach squeezed between abdominal muscles and diaphragm and forced through the open mouth

• (a)   stenosis

–narrowing of sphincter

–Often indicated by projectile vomiting

Which side is the stomach located on the body?

(a)  

•What are the symptoms of stomach and duodenial ulcer?

Ulcers are due to increased or decreased acid in stomach?

Why don’t antiacids work long term?

What bacteria do they think causes this?

Three Phases of Gastric Secretion and Motility

• (a)   phase- stomach controlled by the brain

Three Phases of Gastric Secretion and Motility

• (a)   phase- stomach controlled by itself

Three Phases of Gastric Secretion and Motility

• (a)   phase- stomach controlled by the small intestine

(HINT: Liver Cell is called ______cyte)

•After a meal, the ______ absorb from the blood

–glucose, amino acids, iron, vitamins, and other nutrients for metabolism or storage

(a)  

•Cystic duct from gallbladder joins common hepatic duct to form the (a)   duct

•Duct of pancreas and bile duct combine to form ____ ______ emptying into the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla

–sphincter of Oddi (hepatopancreatic sphincter) regulates release of bile & pancreatic juice

(a)  

• (a)   released from duodenum in response to arrival of acid and fat

–causes contraction of gallbladder, secretion of pancreatic enzymes, relaxation of hepatopancreatic sphincter

•1._____from stomach & duodenum weakly stimulates gallbladder contraction & pancreatic enzyme secretion

•2._____ released from duodenum in response to acidic chyme

–stimulates all ducts to secrete more bicarbonate. Why?

•Because: HCO3 (bicarbonate) + H becomes H2CO3 which dissociates into H2O + CO2

(LABEL #1)

(a)  

•1._____from stomach & duodenum weakly stimulates gallbladder contraction & pancreatic enzyme secretion

•2._____ released from duodenum in response to acidic chyme

–stimulates all ducts to secrete more bicarbonate. Why?

•Because: HCO3 (bicarbonate) + H becomes H2CO3 which dissociates into H2O + CO2

(LABEL #2)

(a)  

This type of movement causes the following in the GI Tract:

•Move material along

    to the colon

•Begins after absorption occurs

•“Stomach pain” is really duodemum pain referred to as periumbilical pain

(a)  

•Inflammation of the appendix due to irritation

–Prolonged inflammation gives symptoms of:

•high fever, elevated WBC count, neutrophil count above 75%

•pain localizes in right lower quadrant, + rebound test, periumbilcal pain is usually a precursor

May progress to peritonitis from rupture

(WHAT IS THIS DISEASE CALLED)

(a)  

•Inflammation of the appendix due to irritation

–Prolonged inflammation gives symptoms of:

•high fever, elevated WBC count, neutrophil count above 75%

•pain localizes in right lower quadrant, + rebound test, periumbilcal pain is usually a precursor

May progress to peritonitis from rupture

(This is appendicitis, which quadrant would there be pain in predominantly?)

(a)