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AP Biology - Unit 3 Review (combined other quizizzes)

Total questions: 142

Worksheet time: 2hrs 31mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which structure is unaffected by denaturation?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

d)

Quaternary

2.

Describe why an increase in temperature increases the rate of the reaction.

a)

increase in temperature increases the speed/kinetic energy of particles

b)

increase in temperature activates more enzyme to increase the rate

c)

increase in temperature results in increase in substrate available

d)

increase in temperature allows for a tighter fit in the active site

3.

In order to maintain order and power cellular processes,

a)

energy input must exceed energy loss

b)

energy input equals energy loss

c)

energy loss must exceed energy input

d)

energy loss equals energy input

4.

What is the process of an endergonic reaction being fueled by an exergonic reaction called?

a)

second law of thermodynamics

b)

energy coupling

c)

first law of thermodynamics

d)

endergonic/exergonic switch

5.

Where did photosynthesis first evolve?

a)

prokaryotic organisms

b)

alien organisms

c)

eukaryotic organisms

d)

abiotic processes

6.

Where on an enzyme does the substrate bind?

a)

active site

b)

allosteric site

c)

C-terminus

d)

N-terminus

7.

Describe the effect on the free energy of doubling the amount of enzyme.

a)

double the free energy

b)

half the free energy

c)

triple the free energy

d)

no effect on free energy

8.

Which environmental conditions are likely to cause denaturation?  CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!

a)

slight increase in temperature

b)

extreme increase in temperature

c)

slight decrease in temperature

d)

extreme pH change

e)

slight change in pressure

9.

A --> B + C

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

10.

A + B --> C

a)

Anabolic

b)

Catabolic

11.

Net release of energy

a)

endergonic

b)

exergonic

12.

Net intake of energy

a)

endergonic

b)

exergonic

13.

A + B --> AB + Energy

This is what type of reaction?

a)

exergonic

b)

endergonic

14.
Which of the following is true for anabolic pathways?
a)
they do not depend on enzymes
b)
they are usually spontaneous chemical reactions
c)
they consume energy to build polymers from monomers
d)
They release energy as they degrade polymers to monomers
15.

A degradative process such as cellular respiration can also be known as...

a)

catabolic pathway

b)

kinetic pathway

c)

endergonic pathway

d)

anabolic pathway

16.

Which statement is true according to the image?

a)

A: endergonic; B: exergonic

b)

A: exothermic; B: endothermic

c)

A: exergonic; B: endergonic

d)

A: endothermic; B: exothermic

17.

Which type of reaction does the graph represent?

a)

anabolic

b)

catabolic

c)

endergonic

d)

ATP phosphorylation

18.
Main cellular energy molecule
a)
ATP
b)
ADP
c)
cAMP
19.
ATP is called a cell’s “energy currency” because
a)
ATP catalyzes all metabolic reactions.
b)
most of the energy that drives metabolism is supplied by ATP.
c)
glucose is made of ATP.
d)
ATP allows one organelle to be exchanged for another between cells.
20.

Which molecule has the highest potential energy?

a)

ATP

b)

ADP

c)

AMP

21.

Where is energy stored in ATP?

a)

in the bonds between phosphate

b)

in oxygen

c)

in sugar

d)

in nitrogenous base

22.
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because ____________
a)
their enzymes are insensitive to temperature
b)
they use molecules other than proteins as their main catalysts
c)
their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
d)
they are able to maintain an internal temperature much cooler than that of the surrounding water
23.
Which of these is NOT true?
a)
Enzymes can denature (change shape) when the temperature gets too high.
b)
Enzymes can only be used once in a chemical reaction. 
c)
Extreme pH can denature enzymes.
d)
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions. 
24.
At high temperatures enzyme activity declines because of:
a)
Denaturation
b)
Decreased Kinetic Motion
c)
Increased H-Bonding
d)
Dissociation of Ionic Compounds
25.
Letter D...
a)
active site
b)
enzyme
c)
substrate
d)
products
26.
The graph shows how enzymes affect reactions in cells. Which statement best summarizes the information shown in the graph?
a)
Enzymes increase the energy of the reactants.
b)
Enzymes decrease the energy level of the products.
c)
Enzyme decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
d)
Enzymes reverse the direction of the reaction.
27.
Which of these is most likely an enzyme?  
a)
Sucrose
b)
Galactose
c)
Fructose
d)
Amylase
28.
Based on the graph, what is the optimal temperature for this enzyme? 
a)
15oC
b)
40oC
c)
30oC
d)
35oC
29.
The energy needed to start a reaction
a)
activation energy
b)
adhesion energy
c)
chemical energy
d)
cohesion energy
30.
Every enzyme has a optimal temperature and pH. True or False?
a)
True 
b)
False
31.
The graph shows the relative rates of action of four enzymes, A, B, C, and D. Which enzyme shows the greatest change in its rate of action with the least change in pH?
a)
enzyme A 
b)
enzyme B 
c)
enzyme C
d)
enzyme D
32.

Enzymes in your body probably work best at which of the following temperatures>

a)

25oC

b)

98oC

c)

37oC

d)

210oC

33.
What type of macromolecule are enzymes?
a)
Protein
b)
Carbohydrate
c)
Lipid
d)
Nucleic Acid
34.
Enzymes are made up of these repeating monomers.
a)
monosaccharides
b)
amino acids
c)
nucleotides
d)
phospholipids
35.

This type of inhibition blocks the active site of an enzyme:

a)

competitive inhibition

b)

allosteric inhibition

c)

noncompetitive inhibition

36.

Each enzyme only has 1 substrate that will fit its active site. What is this called?

a)

reusability

b)

catalysis

c)

specificity

d)

fragility

37.

A molecule that is so similar to the normal substrate that it competes for the active site of the enzyme

a)

Allosteric Inhibition

b)

Competitive Inhibition

c)

Noncompetitive Inhibition

d)

Feedback Inhibition

38.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from this graph?
a)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 6.6.
b)
The optimum pH of the enzyme is 5.8
c)
The enzyme’s activity increases as pH increases 5.0 to 9.0
d)
The enzyme’s activity is greater around pH of 8.0 .
39.

Which of the following graphs correctly shows the changes in the amount of products in a reaction catalysed by a human enzyme at different temperatures?

a)
b)
c)
d)
40.

Where does the electron transport chain take place?

a)

chloroplasts

b)

prokaryotic plasma membrane

c)

mitochondria

d)

all of the choices

41.

Which of the following are electron carriers for the electron transport chain in cellular respiration?

a)

NADPH

b)

FADH2

c)

NADH

d)

NADH & FADH2

42.

Which process releases energy in glucose to form ATP, NADH, and pyruvate?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Fermentation

43.

What is oxidation?

a)

loss of electrons

b)

loss of water

c)

gain of electrons

d)

gain of water

44.

In the electron transport chain of cellular respiration, where is the electrochemical gradient of protons generated?

a)

cytosol

b)

cristae

c)

matrix

d)

intermembrane space

45.

Which process does NOT require oxygen?

a)

Glycolysis

b)

Oxidative Phosphorylation

c)

Krebs Cycle

d)

Aerobic respiration

46.

The point of the Krebs Cycle is to...

a)

Produce high amounts of ATP using a proton gradient

b)

Move high energy electrons through series of proteins to eventually bind with O2, creating water and protons

c)

Break down pyruvate to produce electron carrier molecules, FADH2 and NADH, as well as CO2 and ATP as byproducts

d)

Use ATP and NADPH to produce 6 carbon sugars

47.

Chemiosmosis is best described as...

a)

Moving high energy electrons through carrier molecules toward oxygen

b)

The use of a proton gradient to power ATP Synthase and produce ATP

c)

The breakdown of pyruvate into electron carrier molecules

d)

The enzyme that combines ADP and inorganic phosphate to produce ATP

48.

What is true of glycolysis?

a)

produces a net of 2 ATP

b)

occurs in the mitochondria

c)

produces ATP through oxidative phosphorylation

d)

produces 34ish ATP

e)

all other choices are true

49.

What serves as the final acceptor of the electrons moving down the ETC during cellular respiration?

a)

sulfur

b)

carbon dioxide

c)

ATP

d)

oxygen

50.
Use the diagram to answer the question. Between which parts of the molecule must the bonds be broken to form an ADP molecule?
a)
A and B
b)
A and C
c)
B and C
d)
C and D
51.
What does ATP synthase do?
a)
Create ATP in chemiosmosis.
b)
Break down ATP in chemiosmosis.
c)
Break down NADPH. 
d)
Create NADPH.
52.
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
a)
6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
b)
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
c)
6CO2 + 6H2O -> 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
d)
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy -> 6O2 + C6H12O6
53.
Fermentation enables glycolysis to continue under 
a)
anaerobic conditions
b)
aerobic conditions
c)
photosynthetic conditions
d)
hydrophobic conditions
54.

Which organisms go through cellular respiration?

[CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!]

a)

animals

b)

plants

c)

bacteria

d)

fungi

55.

Which molecule is the reactant of Glycolysis?

a)

water

b)

glucose

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

ATP

56.

What's the chemical formula for glucose?

a)

6C6HO6

b)

C12H6O12

c)

C6H12O6

d)

CHO

57.

The Electron Transport Chain is a series of chemical reactions in which energy is transferred to form a large amount of what molecule?

a)

glucose

b)

oxygen

c)

pyruvic acid

d)

ATP

58.

What type of respiration requires oxygen?

a)

Aerobic

b)

Anaerobic

59.

Select ALL the products of Cellular Respiration?

[CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!]

a)

oxygen

b)

glucose

c)

carbon dioxide

d)

water

e)

ATP (energy)

60.
Which type of respiration is most efficient?
a)
Aerobic
b)
Anaerobic
61.
Which organ excretes carbon dioxide?
a)
Lungs
b)
Liver
c)
Heart
d)
Kidney
62.

True or False: Only animals can undergo Cellular Respiration.

a)

True

b)

False

63.

What type of respiration does not require oxygen?

a)

Aerobic

b)

Anaerobic

64.
Which process is the largest contributor to the release of CO2 
a)
Citric Acid Cycle or Krebs Cycle
b)
Pyruvate Oxidation
c)
Glycolysis
d)
Oxidative Phosphorylation 
65.
Which of the following molecules is NOT a byproduct of cellular respiration? 
a)
CO2
b)
Heat
c)
H2O
d)
ATP
66.
If ADP is phosphorylated then what is this indicating in the reaction? 
a)
ADP is forming into ATP
b)
ADP is becoming AMP
c)
ADP is being used to power other reactions
d)
ADP is being created by the reaction
67.

Glycolysis splits glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. How many carbon atoms are in one molecule of pyruvate? 

a)
2
b)
3
c)
6
d)
1
68.
What is the main job of the electron carriers in cellular respiration? 
a)
Transport electrons and hydrogen atoms to the electron transport chain 
b)
Capture energy throughout the process of cellular respiration
c)
Provide the reactants for the process of cellular respiration
d)
Pump positive hydrogen ions and shuttle electrons across the electron transport chain and contribute to chemiosmosis
69.
Where does glycolysis occur?
a)
mitochondrial matrix
b)
cytoplasm
c)
inner membrane of mitochondria
d)
outer membrane of mitochondria
70.

Which of the following is not an end product of the Kreb's cycle?

a)

NADH

b)

CO2

c)

pyruvate

d)

ATP

71.

How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?

a)

Aerobic respiration results in less energy.

b)

Aerobic respiration results in more energy.

c)

Each process results in equal amounts of energy.

d)

Neither process produces energy

72.

Which of the following is a product of the Electron Transport Chain?

a)

CO2

b)

O2

c)

C6H1206

d)

H2O

73.

What are the products for the first step of Cell Respiration? (what comes out of step #1)

a)

Pyruvate, NADH, and 2 ATP

b)

CO2, NADH, FADH, and 2 ATP

c)

H2O and 34 ATP

74.

What does it mean to phosphorylate ADP?

a)

To add P, to ADP forming ATP and increasing the free energy of the molecule

b)

Removing a P, from ADP to become AMP and release energy

c)

ADP is being used to power other reactions

d)

ADP is being created by the reaction

75.

Which of the following statements are false?

a)

Glycolysis does not require oxygen

b)

Glycolysis is the first step in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration

c)

Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria

d)

Glycolysis produces 2 ATP, 2 Pyruvates, and 2 NADH

76.

What is cellular respiration?

a)

the catabolism of glucose to transfer energy to ATP

b)

the breakdown of glucose to release NADH

c)

the breakdown of glucose to release FADH

d)

the breakdown of glucose to release carbon

77.

The Electron Transport Chain (ETC) occurs across the ________ and so extra folds called ________ enable it to occur more often

a)

Mitochondrial matrix, villi

b)

Outer mitochondrial membrane, flagella

c)

Inner mitochondrial membrane, cristae

d)

Cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum

78.

During chemiosmosis

a)

H+ ions serve as the final electron acceptor

b)

a concentration gradient is generated when H+ ions are passively transported from the matrix to the inner mitochondrial membrane

c)

energy is released as H+ ions move freely across the mitochondrial membrane

d)

ATP is synthesized when H+ ions move through a channel in ATP synthase

79.

It is possible for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes to perform glycolysis because it occurs in the _____________

a)

mitochondrial matrix

b)

inner membrane

c)

cytoplasm

d)

cell membrane

80.

Anaerobic respiration yields about ______ ATP per glucose whereas aerobic respiration yields about _______ ATP per glucose.

a)

38, 2

b)

2, 38

c)

2, 18

d)

18, 2

81.

The electrons that transfer energy to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane were supplied by

a)

ATP and NADPH

b)

NADH and FADH2

c)

water and oxygen

82.

Which reaction moves the cellular respiration process from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria?

a)

glycolysis ---> pyruvate

b)

pyruvate ---> acetyl CoA

c)

acetyl CoA ---> PGA

d)

PGA ---> PGAL

83.
Glycolysis is a _______ process
a)
Anabolic
b)
Catabolic
c)
Single Step
d)
Strictly Eukaryotic
84.
Cellular respiration involves the net _______ of glucose.
a)
Reduction
b)
Oxidation
c)
ATP
d)
REDOX
85.
The final electron acceptor of aerobic respiration is
a)
oxygen
b)
water
c)
carbon dioxide
d)
NAD+
86.

If an atom gains electrons during a chemical reaction, the atom was:

a)
Oxidized
b)
Reduced
c)
Neutralized
d)

Catabolized

87.

Without (a)   , the electron transport chain cannot function, as there isn't a strongly electronegative molecule at the end to pull the electrons down the chain.

88.

The NADH generated in glycolysis will eventually head to ...

a)

the citric acid cycle

b)

the electron transport chain

c)

pyruvate oxidation

d)

the chloroplast

89.

After glycolysis, pyruvate will go ...

a)

from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial matrix

b)

from the cytoplasm to the mitochondrial membrane

c)

from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytoplasm

d)

from the mitochondrial membrane to out of the cell

90.

Which steps of respiration occur in the mitochondria?

[CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!]

a)

glycolysis

b)

pyruvate oxidation

c)

citric acid cycle

d)

electron transport chain & oxidative phosphorylation

91.

A toxin is introduced that blocks the passage through ATP synthase. Which effects below are likely to occur?

[CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY!]

a)

ATP production will decrease significantly

b)

the inner membrane space will get more acidic

c)

the inner membrane space will get more basic

d)

the matrix will get more acidic

e)

the ETC will shut down

92.
What is the primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a)
To produce glucose
b)
To produce NADPH and ATP
c)
To use ATP
d)
To produce RuBP
93.
What is the function of NADP+?
a)
It absorbs light
b)
It is an electron carrier
c)
It is a light-reflecting pigment
d)
It acts as long-term energy storage
94.
Which of the following molecules is not needed for the Calvin Cycle?
a)
CO2
b)
ATP
c)
NADPH
d)
H2O
95.
Green plants reflect ________ light.
a)
Red
b)
Green
c)
All
d)
Red and Violet
96.

The light reactions occur in the ________ and the Calvin cycle takes place in the ________.

a)
Chloroplast / thylakoid membrane
b)
stroma / thylakoid
c)
mesophyl / stomata
d)
thylakoid membrane / stroma
97.
Where does the carbon come from that is used to form glucose?
a)
The soil
b)
CO2 in the air
c)
From other carbohydrates
d)
Calvin Cycle
98.

When is glucose synthesized?

a)
Photosystem II
b)
Photosystem I
c)
Calvin Cycle
d)
Glycolysis
99.
Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
a)
stroma of the chloroplast
b)
thylakoid membrane
c)
outer membrane of the chloroplast
d)
interior of the thylakoid membrane
100.
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
a)
reducing NADP+
b)
splitting water molecules
c)
chemiosmosis
d)
electron transfer in photosystem II and I
101.
What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
a)
regenerate ATP for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
b)
produce carbon dioxide for use in the light reactions of photosynthesis
c)
produce oxygen by oxidizing water
d)
produce simple sugars from carbon dioxide
102.
Plants with the largest amount of which pigment will be best suited for growing conditions where light has a green hue.
a)
Chlorophyll A
b)
Chlorophyll B
c)
Carotenoids
d)
A combination of all 3
103.
How many sugar molecules are produced from every six molecules of carbon dioxide that enter the Calvin cycle?
a)
1
b)
3
c)
6
d)
12
104.
The H+ concentration gradient is used to 
a)
make NADPH
b)
split a water molecule
c)
generate ATP
d)
form water
105.

Plants use the following reactants for the light reaction

a)

Water and CO2

b)

Water and NADPH

c)

Water and NADP+

d)

NADPH and ATP

106.

Photosynthesis goal is to

a)

convert light energy into glucose energy

b)

use light energy to make oxygen gas

c)

convert sugar energy into ATP

d)

convert sugar energy into oxygen gas

107.

Rubisco is important in which step of photosynthesis

a)

energizing the electrons in chlorophyll

b)

carbon fixation when CO2 is connected to RUBP during calvin cycle

c)

regeneration phase as RUBP is made during calvin cycle

d)

reduction of the carbon chain during the calvin cycle

108.

If the proton (H+) pump in the thylakoid was not working which molecule could not be made during the light reaction?

a)

NADPH

b)

ATP

c)

Water

d)

Oxygen gas

109.

The NADP+ is

a)

oxidized during the light reaction

b)

reduced during the light reaction

c)

oxidized during the Calvin cycle

d)

reduced during the Calvin cycle

110.

Which of the following would have the least affect on photosynthetic rate?

a)

increase the temp from 20 C to 30 C

b)

increasing the CO2 from 400 ppm to 600ppm

c)

increasing the light intesity from 40 Watts to 60 Watts

d)

increasing the amount of O2 from 20% to 30% in the air

111.

Plants obtain CO2 into the chloroplast by

a)

active transport

b)

diffusion

c)

facilitated diffusion

d)

endocytosis

112.

Photosystems are made of

a)

chloroplasts

b)

chromosomes

c)

chlorophyll

d)

cytoplasm

113.

ATP is made during the light reaction using all of the following EXCEPT

a)

proton pump

b)

hydrogen ion gradient

c)

electron energy from photosystem II

d)

NADPH donating electrons

114.

What is FALSE about the calvin cycle

a)

uses the light reactions products

b)

produces a three carbon sugar (G3P)

c)

produces carbon dioxide

d)

produces NADP+

115.

Photorespiration involves

a)

the production of oxygen gas during the break down of sugar

b)

the breakdown of sugar when CO2 levels are low.

c)

the production of massive amounts of ATP in the thylakoid

d)

water being pulled out of the plant

116.

What does a C4 plant do?

a)

stores CO2 in a separate cell from its photosynthetic cell during the day

b)

stores CO2 in a vacuole during the night.

c)

can't store CO2 so it sufferes photorespiration

d)

can't store CO2 so it speeds up cellular respiration in order to make more CO2

117.

Plants that store CO2 at night as an acid in a vacuole are called

a)

C3 plants

b)

C4 plants

c)

CAM plants

118.

Which plant LACKS CO2 storage method

a)

C3

b)

C4

c)

CAM

119.

What happens to the oxygen levels if a plant were left in the dark over night?

a)

go up due to photosynthesis

b)

go down due to cell respiration

c)

stay the same since stomata are closed

120.

Which plant would have the most oxygen produced in 1 hour?

a)

plant given red light only

b)

plant given blue light only

c)

plant given white light

d)

plant given green light only

121.

An increase in CO2 in the air would most likely

a)

increase photosynthesis

b)

increase cell respiration

c)

increase photorespiration

d)

increase transpiration

122.

The calvin cycle requires what substances from the light reaction?

a)

CO2 and Water

b)

light and CO2

c)

ATP and NADPH

d)

glucose and O2

123.

Photorespiration __________ the rate of photosynthesis.

a)

can dramatically reduce

b)

barely reduces

c)

increases

d)

does not affect

124.

Chlorophyll mostly absorbs...

a)

violet light

b)

green light

c)

red and blue light

d)

yellow light

125.

If photosynthesizing green algae are provided with CO₂ synthesized with heavy oxygen (¹⁸O), later analysis will show that all but one of the following compounds produced by the algae contain the ¹⁸O label. That one is

a)

3-phosphoglycerate.

b)

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).

c)

O₂.

d)

ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

e)

ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP).

126.

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?

a)

CO₂ and glucose

b)

H₂O and O₂

c)

ADP, Pi, and NADP⁺

d)

electrons and H⁺

e)

ATP and NADPH

127.

In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary?

a)

autotrophs and heterotrophs

b)

producers and primary consumers

c)

photosynthesizers

d)

autotrophs

e)

green plants

128.

A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?

a)

red and yellow

b)

blue and violet

c)

green and yellow

d)

blue, green, and red

e)

green, blue, and yellow

129.

Which of the following are directly associated with photosystem I?

a)

harvesting of light energy by ATP

b)

receiving electrons from the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain

c)

generation of molecular oxygen

d)

extraction of hydrogen electrons from the splitting of water

e)

passing electrons to the thylakoid membrane electron transport chain

130.

Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?

a)

the splitting of water

b)

the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll

c)

the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I

d)

the synthesis of ATP

e)

the reduction of NADP⁺

131.

What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?

a)

establishment of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane

b)

diffusion of electrons through the thylakoid membrane

c)

reduction of water to produce ATP energy

d)

movement of water by osmosis into the thylakoid space from the stroma

e)

formation of glucose, using carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP

132.

Are the photosystems light dependent or independent?

a)

Light independent

b)

Light dependent

133.

Where does the plant get H+ to make NADPH

a)

Air

b)

Carbon

c)

Water

d)

Oxygen

134.

ADP + P

a)

ATP

b)

NADPH

c)

NADP+

d)

ADP

135.

Which option best explains how photosystem II produces a high energy molecule?

a)

excited electrons from chlorophyll pass though an ETC and are captured by NADP+ to make NADPH.

b)

excited electrons from chlorophyll pass though an ETC that pumps H+ into the thylakoid. ATP synthase uses the H+ concentration gradient to make ATP.

c)

excited electrons from chlorophyll pass though an ETC that pumps H+ into the thylakoid. The H+ is used to convert NADP+ to NADPH.

136.
Which of the following is the correct equation for PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
a)
6CO2 + 6H2O --> 6O2 + C6H12O6
b)
6CO2 + C6H12O6 + 6H2O --> O2 
c)
6O2 + 6H2O --> 6CO2 + C6H12O6
d)
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---> 6H2O + 6CO2 
137.

After a long period of darkness, which molecule will likely be in high concentration in a plant's chloroplasts?

a)

glucose

b)

ATP

c)

NADPH

d)

NADP+

138.

What would be true for a plant that is growing (gaining mass)?

a)

rate of photosynthesis = rate of cellular respiration

b)

rate of photosynthesis > rate of cellular respiration

c)

rate of photosynthesis < rate of cellular respiration

139.

What is carbon fixation?

a)

The reaction that bonds a carbon from CO2 in the air to an existing organic molecule inside a plant cell.

b)

When carbon dioxide is split to release electrons for the ETC and the production of ATP.

c)

When ATP synthase adds carbon from CO2 to a five carbon sugar to produce a molecule of ATP

140.

Which of the options below best describes photosynthesis?

a)

exergonic; anabolism

b)

endergonic; catabolism

c)

endergonic; anabolism

d)

exergonic; catabolism

141.

What most likely causes the trends in oxygen concentration shown in the graph above?

a)

The water becomes colder at night and thus holds more oxygen.

b)

Respiration in most organisms increases at night.

c)

More organisms are respiring at night than during the day.

d)

Photosynthesis produces more oxygen than is consumed by respiration during the day.

142.

How are reactions in photosynthesis similar to reactions in cellular respiration?

a)

Both use H+ concentration gradients produced by ETC's to generate ATP.

b)

Both use pigments that absorb photons and oxidize water.

c)

Both oxidize glucose to produce electron carrier molecules

d)

Both processes are exergonic

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