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WorksheetsHewitt Newton's Laws and Vectors review
Total questions: 82
Worksheet time: 41mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
What is inertia?
a)
Inertia describes why it is easier to get a massive ball moving than it is to get a less massive one moving.
b)
Inertia is the tendency of a body to maintain its state of motion in the absence of applied forces.
c)
Inertia explains why things stay in motion but not why they stay at rest.
d)
Inertia explains why things stay at rest but not why they stay in motion.
2.
Some alphabet letters are floating in a bowl of soup. You want to move a letter that is far away from you closer to you. How could you rotate the bowl to do that?
a)
Rotate the bowl clockwise.
b)
Rotate the bowl either clockwise or counterclockwise, depending on where the letter is located.
c)
Rotate the bowl counterclockwise.
d)
Unfortunately, neither rotating the bowl clockwise nor rotating it counterclockwise will work.
3.
Why do the alphabet letters not move when you rotate the bowl of alphabet soup?
a)
The letters are heavier than the soup, so they cannot move even though the soup moves.
b)
They have inertia−the tendency of an object at rest to stay at rest.
c)
The sides of the soup bowl prevent the letters from moving.
d)
The soup prevents the letters from moving.
4.
What type of path does a moving object follow in the absence of a force?
a)
It follows a parabolic trajectory in the absence of a force.
b)
It follows a circular path in the absence of a force.
c)
It continues to move in a straight line at a constant speed.
d)
It moves in a straight line and eventually slows to a stop.
5.
Why do we say that force is a vector quantity?
a)
A force has a magnitude, but not a direction.
b)
A force is a scalar quantity.
c)
A force is measured in pounds, and pounds are a vector quantity.
d)
A force has a magnitude and a direction.
6.
What is the net force on a cart that is pulled to the right with 100 pounds of force and to the left with 30 pounds of force?
a)
The net force is 70 pounds to the right.
b)
The net force is zero.
c)
The net force is 70 pounds to the left.
d)
The net force is 130 pounds.
7.
According to the parallelogram rule, what quantity is represented by the diagonal of a constructed parallelogram?
a)
The diagonal is always 1.41 times the magnitude of the sum of the vectors.
b)
The diagonal is the difference of two vectors.
c)
The diagonal is the resultant, or sum, of two vectors.
d)
The diagonal is 1.41 times the magnitude of the longest vector.
8.
What is the resultant of a pair of one pound forces at right angles to each other?
a)
The resultant is a force of 2.0 pounds in a direction bisecting the angle between the two vectors.
b)
The resultant is zero force.
c)
The resultant is a force of 1.0 pound in a direction bisecting the angle between the two vectors.
d)
The resultant is a force of 1.41 pounds in a direction bisecting the 90-degree angle between the two vectors.
9.
What are the units for force?
a)
Force can be expressed in newtons or pounds.
b)
Force must be measure in N, not in lb
c)
Force must be measured in lb, then converted to N.
d)
Force must first be measured in N, then converted to lb.
10.
Net force on bag pulled down by gravity with 18 N and pulled upward by rope with 18 N?
a)
The net force is zero newtons.
b)
The net force is 18 newtons.
c)
The net force is 25 newtons.
d)
The net force is 36 newtons.
11.
What does it mean to say something is in mechanical equilibrium?
a)
An object in mechanical equilibrium is always in motion.
b)
An object in mechanical equilibrium must experience no forces.
c)
An object in mechanical equilibrium experiences a zero net force.
d)
An object in mechanical equilibrium experiences a net force twice its weight.
12.
When you stand at rest on a bathroom scale, how does your weight compare with the support force from the scale?
a)
Your weight is equal in magnitude and in the same direction as the support force from the scale.
b)
Your weight is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the support force from the scale.
c)
The support force from the scale is twice your weight.
d)
The support force from the scale is half your weight.
13.
What is the net force on an object that is pulled with forces of 80 newtons to the right and 80 newtons to the left?
a)
The net force is 113 newtons downward.
b)
The net force is 160 newtons to the right.
c)
The net force is zero newtons.
d)
The net force is 113 newtons upward.
14.
What is the net force when a pair of 5-N forces simultaneously act in the same direction on an object?
a)
5 N
b)
10 N
c)
7.5 N
d)
0 N
15.
What is the net force when a pair of 5-N forces simultaneously act in opposite directions on an object?
a)
5 N
b)
10 N
c)
7.5 N
d)
0 N
16.
Consider a book that weighs 15 N at rest on a flat table. How many newtons of support force does the table exert on the book?
a)
15 newtons up
b)
30 newtons up
c)
0 newtons
d)
15 newtons down
17.
What is the net force on an object in either static or dynamic equilibrium?
a)
The net force is equal and opposite to the weight of the object.
b)
The net force is vertical for static equilibrium and horizontal for dynamic equilibrium.
c)
The net force is zero for static equilibrium and greater than zero for dynamic equilibrium.
d)
The net force is zero.
18.
If you push on a crate with a horizontal force of 100 N and it slides at constant velocity, what is the magnitude and direction of the frictional force acting on the crate?
a)
The frictional force has nothing to do with you pushing on the crate.
b)
The frictional force on the crate is zero newtons.
c)
The frictional force on the crate is 100 N opposite the direction of motion.
d)
The frictional force on the crate is 100 N in the same direction as the direction of motion.
19.
A bowling ball at rest is in equilibrium. Is the ball in equilibrium when it moves at constant speed in a straight-line path?
a)
The bowling ball is not in equilibrium because it is moving.
b)
The bowling ball is not in equilibrium because the wood of the bowling alley exerts an upward force on the ball.
c)
The bowling ball is not in equilibrium because ΣF = -mg.
d)
Yes, the bowling ball is in equilibrium because ΣF = 0.
20.
How much support force acts on a 200-N girl standing on a weighing scale?
a)
200 N
b)
No support force unless she stands on the floor
c)
More than 200 N
d)
Less than 200 N
21.
What is the net force on a crate sliding at an unchanging speed when pushed with a steady force of 75 N?
a)
Somewhat less than 75 N
b)
75 N
c)
Slightly more than 75 N
d)
Zero
22.
Whenever a net force acts on an object, there is a change in the object's
a)
shape.
b)
velocity.
c)
direction
d)
speed
23.
How does acceleration depend on the net force?
a)
Acceleration is independent of the net force.
b)
Acceleration is inversely proportional to the net force.
c)
Acceleration is proportional to the net force.
d)
Acceleration is equal to the net force.
24.
The direction of the force of friction on a sliding crate is
a)
usually at right angles to the force that produces sliding.
b)
non-directional
c)
in the same direction as the force that produces sliding.
d)
opposite to the direction of sliding
25.
A crate sits at rest on a factory floor. Friction between the crate and floor occurs
a)
when the crate is pushed horizontally, whether sliding or not.
b)
even when no pushing occurs.
c)
only if the crate is sliding.
d)
only if the crate is pushed vertically as well as horizontally
26.
When you push horizontally on a crate that doesn't slide on a level floor, how great is the force of friction on the crate?
a)
The friction force is equal to and in the same direction as your push.
b)
The friction force is equal and opposite to your push.
c)
The friction force is zero.
d)
The friction force is equal to the mass of the crate times its acceleration.
27.
As you increase your push on a stationary crate, will friction on the crate increase also?
a)
The friction force increases and is opposite in direction to your push.
b)
The friction force decreases and is in the opposite direction as your push.
c)
The friction force remains zero.
d)
The friction force increases and is in the same direction as your push.
28.
Once the crate is sliding, how hard do you push to keep it moving at constant velocity?
a)
You push with a force slightly greater than the dynamic friction force.
b)
You push with a force equal to and opposite the dynamic friction force.
c)
You push with a force slightly greater than the static friction force.
d)
You no longer need to push once the crate is sliding.
29.
Which is normally greater: static friction or sliding friction on the same object?
a)
Dynamic friction is normally greater than static friction.
b)
Static friction is normally greater than dynamic friction.
c)
On the same object, static friction and dynamic friction are equal.
d)
Static friction and dynamic friction are both zero.
30.
How does the force of friction for a sliding object vary with speed?
a)
The force of friction is approximately independent of speed.
b)
The force of friction is proportional to speed.
c)
The force of friction is zero for a sliding object.
d)
The force of friction is inversely proportional to speed.
31.
Does fluid friction vary with speed?
a)
Fluid friction is zero when an object moves.
b)
Fluid friction does not depend on speed.
c)
Fluid friction increases as speed increases.
d)
Fluid friction decreases as speed increases.
32.
This question refers to the video where Dr. Hewitt pulls a block across a table at constant velocity by pulling with 3 N of force. What does Dr. Hewitt do to drag the block across the table at a steady rate?
a)
He applies a steadily decreasing force.
b)
He applies a steadily increasing force.
c)
He continues to apply a steady force.
33.
This question refers to the video where Dr. Hewitt pulls a block across a table at constant velocity by pulling with 3 N of force. If Dr. Hewitt applies 3 N of force to keep the block moving at a steady rate, what must be the force of friction, and why?
a)
Less than 3 N, because otherwise the block would not move forward. Dr. Hewitt applies a force of 3 N, so his force must overcome the force of friction.
b)
More than 3 N, because the force of friction is what prevents the block from accelerating due the force applied by Dr. Hewitt. So, it should overcome the force applied by Dr. Hewitt.
c)
Equal to 3 N, because the force of friction should exactly balance out the force Dr. Hewitt applies, so that there is no net force acting on the block.
34.
You are dragging a block on a surface with friction at a steady speed of 2 m/s and exert a force of 5 N to do so. What is the force of friction? Why?
a)
10 N, because you are exerting a force of 5 N at a speed of 2 m/s. Multiplying the two numbers gives you 10 N.
b)
Less than 5 N, because otherwise the block would not move forward. You apply a force of 5 N, so this force must overcome the force of friction.
c)
Equal to 5 N, because the force of friction should exactly balance out the force Dr. Hewitt applies, so that there is no net force acting on the block.
35.
What general rule can you conclude about the force needed to keep an object in motion at a steady rate?
a)
The force that you need to apply to keep an object moving at a steady rate is less than the force resisting the motion of the object.
b)
The force that you need to apply to keep an object moving at a steady rate is greater than the force resisting the motion of the object.
c)
The force that you need to apply to keep an object moving at a steady rate is equal to the force resisting the motion of the object.
36.
Which depends on gravity?
a)
weight
b)
mass
c)
Both of them.
d)
Neither of them.
37.
The unit of mass is the kilogram, and the unit of weight is the
a)
m/s^2
b)
Newton.
c)
kilogram also.
d)
metric mass
38.
Which varies with location of the object, the object's mass or the object's weight?
a)
Both mass and weight are independent of location.
b)
Both mass and weight vary with location.
c)
Mass varies with location, but weight does not
d)
Weight varies with location, but mass does not.
39.
Shake something to and fro and you're measuring its what? Lift it against gravity and you're measuring its what?
a)
Shaking measures weight, whereas lifting measures mass.
b)
Shaking measures mass, whereas lifting measures weight.
c)
Shaking measures neither mass nor weight. Lifting measures weight.
d)
Shaking and lifting both measure weight.
40.
Fill in the blanks: The Standard International unit for mass is _____. The Standard International unit for force is _____.
a)
Mass is kilograms; force is newtons.
b)
Mass and force are both measured in kilograms.
c)
Mass is newtons; force is kilograms.
d)
Mass is slugs; force is pounds.
41.
What is the weight of a 1-kilogram brick resting on a table?
a)
1 N
b)
10 N
c)
10 kg
d)
0.1 N
42.
How does acceleration depend on mass?
a)
Acceleration is inversely proportional to mass.
b)
Acceleration is proportional to mass.
c)
Acceleration is independent of mass.
d)
Acceleration is constant at 9.8 m/s^2.
43.
In considering proportions, acceleration is
a)
equal to the product of force and mass.
b)
directly proportional to mass.
c)
inversely proportional to mass squared.
d)
inversely proportional to mass.
44.
State Newton's second law of motion.
a)
Acceleration is proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass.
b)
Acceleration is constant at 9.8 m/s^2.
c)
Acceleration is inversely proportional to net force and proportional to mass.
d)
Acceleration is proportional to net force and mass.
45.
Give an example of what it means to say mass and weight are proportional to each other?
a)
If the mass doubles, then the weight doubles, too.
b)
If the mass doubles, then the weight is cut in half.
c)
If the mass doubles, then the weight stays the same.
d)
If the weight doubles, then the mass is cut in half.
46.
If the net force acting on a sliding block is somehow tripled, what happens to the acceleration?
a)
The acceleration is zero.
b)
The acceleration remains the same.
c)
The acceleration triples.
d)
The acceleration is reduced to 1/3 its original value.
47.
If the mass of a sliding block is tripled while a constant net force is applied, by how much does the acceleration change?
a)
The acceleration is reduced to 1/3 of its original value.
b)
The acceleration triples.
c)
The acceleration remains the same.
d)
The acceleration is zero.
48.
If the mass of a sliding block is somehow tripled at the same time the net force on it is tripled, how does the resulting acceleration compare with the original acceleration?
a)
The acceleration remains the same.
b)
The acceleration is reduced to 1/3 of its original value.
c)
The acceleration is tripled.
d)
The acceleration is zero.
49.
How does the direction of acceleration compare with the direction of the net force that produces it?
a)
The acceleration is zero.
b)
The acceleration is opposite the direction of the net force.
c)
The acceleration is in the direction of the net force.
d)
The acceleration is at right angles to the net force.
50.
An object at rest cannot remain at rest unless which of the following holds?
a)
The net force acting on it is zero.
b)
The net force acting on it is constant and nonzero.
c)
There are no forces at all acting on it.
d)
There is only one force acting on it.
51.
If a block is moving to the left at a constant velocity, what can one conclude?
a)
There is exactly one force applied to the block.
b)
The net force applied to the block is directed to the left.
c)
The net force applied to the block is zero.
d)
There must be no forces at all applied to the block.
52.
A block of mass 2kg is acted upon by two forces: 3N (directed to the left) and 4N (directed to the right). What can you say about the block's motion?
a)
It must be moving to the left.
b)
It must be moving to the right.
c)
It must be at rest.
d)
It could be moving to the left, moving to the right, or be instantaneously at rest.
53.
A massive block is being pulled along a horizontal frictionless surface by a constant horizontal force. The block must be
a)
continuously changing direction
b)
moving at constant velocity
c)
moving with a constant nonzero acceleration
d)
moving with continuously increasing acceleration
54.
What is the condition for an object experiencing free fall?
a)
When the net force on an object is equal and opposite to the gravity force, the object is in free fall.
b)
When gravity is the only force acting on an object, it is in free fall.
c)
When the net force on an object is zero, it is in free fall.
d)
When there are no horizontal forces on an object, it is in free fall.
55.
The ratio circumference/diameter for all circles is π. What is the ratio force/mass for freely falling bodies?
a)
The ratio is its weight.
b)
The ratio is also π.
c)
The ratio is 1, because they are equal.
d)
The ratio is g.
56.
Why doesn't a heavy object accelerate more than a light object when both are freely falling?
a)
The inertia of the heavy object is just enough smaller than the inertia of the lighter object to counteract the larger gravity force.
b)
The inertia of the heavy object equals the inertia of the lighter object, so their accelerations are the same.
c)
The larger air resistance force on the larger object makes it fall with the same acceleration.
d)
The ratio of the weight to mass is the same for all objects in the same locality.
57.
When you push against a wall, what pushes back?
a)
Your hand pushes back.
b)
Nothing pushes back.
c)
Your fingers push back.
d)
The wall pushes back.
58.
A boxer cannot exert much force on a piece of tissue paper suspended in air because
a)
the tissue lacks enough strength.
b)
the time of the interaction is too brief
c)
there is little follow-through with the punch.
d)
the tissue paper has too little mass to exert as much force on the boxer's fist.
59.
A boxer can hit a heavy bag with great force. Why can't he hit a piece of tissue paper in midair with the same amount of force?
a)
The low-mass tissue floating in the air exerts no reaction force on the boxer.
b)
The low-mass tissue exerts a smaller reaction force on the boxer than the action force the boxer exerts on the tissue.
c)
The boxer can only hit the tissue paper with a force as large as the tissue paper can exert on the boxer, and the low-mass tissue can only exert a weak force.
d)
The tissue paper can only exert a force on the boxer as large as the air resistance force exerts on the paper.
60.
How many forces are required for an interaction?
a)
Two forces, an action and a reaction, are needed for an interaction.
b)
One force, a reaction, is needed for an interaction.
c)
One force, an action, is needed for an interaction.
d)
Two forces, a contact force and a friction force, are needed for an interaction.
61.
The force that propels a rocket is that provided by
a)
ejected fuel.
b)
decreased mass
c)
the expelled gas pushing on the rocket
d)
energetic reactions as the fuel is burned.
62.
In the apple-pulling-the orange sequence in this chapter, what is the force that accelerates the system across the floor?
a)
The backward pull by the orange
b)
The resistance to motion by the orange
c)
Friction between the apple and the floor.
d)
Internal forces.
63.
The team to win in a tug-of-war is the team that
a)
pulls with the greater force
b)
yanks the rope.
c)
pushes harder on the floor while holding the rope
d)
has the greatest self confidence
64.
State Newton's third law of motion.
a)
For every action there is an identical reaction.
b)
For every action there is an opposite reaction.
c)
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
d)
For every action there is an unequal and opposite reaction.
65.
Consider hitting a baseball with a bat. If we call the force on the bat against the ball the action force, identify the reaction force.
a)
The reaction force is the force of the bat on the ball.
b)
The reaction force is zero because the force of the bat on the ball is equal and opposite to the force of the ball on the bat.
c)
The reaction force is the force due to compression inside the ball.
d)
The reaction force is the force by the ball on the bat.
66.
If the system of is only the orange, is there a net force on the system when the apple pulls?
a)
No, because action and reaction are equal and opposite.
b)
Yes, because the net force on the orange is zero.
c)
No, because the net force on the orange is zero.
d)
Yes, there is the action of the apple on the orange.
67.
If the system is considered to be the apple and the orange together , is there a net force on the system when the apple pulls (ignoring friction with the floor)?
a)
There is no net force because objects within the same system do not interact with each other.
b)
Yes, the action of the apple is on the orange, so the net force is not zero.
c)
Yes, there is a net force because the orange must accelerate when pulled.
d)
The net force is zero because the action and reaction forces are internal to the system.
68.
To produce a net force on a system, must there be an externally applied net force?
a)
Yes, there must be an external net force on the system.
b)
No, an internal net force is sufficient.
c)
No. To accelerate, the internal action forces must not equal the internal reaction forces.
d)
Yes. To accelerate, the internal reaction forces must be zero.
69.
Consider the system of a single football. If you kick it, is there a net force to accelerate the system? If a friend kicks it at the same time with an equal and opposite force, is there a net force to accelerate the system?
a)
If you kick the football, there is a net force to accelerate the system; if you and your friend kick it, there is not.
b)
If you kick the football, there is no net force to accelerate the system due to the force applied by the football on you. The same thing applies if you and your friend kick the ball.
c)
If you kick the football, there is no net force to accelerate the system due to the force applied by the football on you. If you and your friend kick the football, there is a net force.
d)
If you kick the football, or if you and your friend kick it, in both cases, there is a net force to accelerate the system.
70.
When hitting a tennis ball with your racquet, the force on the ball has the same magnitude as the force on the
a)
racquet, and in the same direction
b)
racquet
c)
hand that holds the racquet
d)
player
71.
A Volkswagen Bug and a Volvo truck have a head-on collision. Which statement is true??
a)
Both forces are identical.
b)
The greater force acts on the Volvo truck.
c)
The magnitudes of both forces are the same.
d)
The greater force acts on the Volkswagen Bug.
72.
Earth pulls down on you with a gravitational force that you call your weight. Do you pull up on Earth with the same amount of force?
a)
No, the contact force from the ground cancels the force by you on Earth.
b)
Earth exerts a much greater force on you than you exert on Earth.
c)
Yes, you pull up on Earth with the same force.
d)
No, the contact force from the ground cancels the force of Earth on you.
73.
If the forces that act on a cannonball and the recoiling cannon from which it is fired are equal in magnitude, why do the cannonball and cannon have very different accelerations?
a)
The force from the cannon ball on the cannon produces little acceleration because it lasts for such a brief time.
b)
The cannon weighs so much that friction with the ground alone prevents it from accelerating.
c)
Remember F = ma, and note that the cannon has a much greater mass than the cannon ball, so the cannon accelerates less for the same force.
d)
The cannon pushes on the cannon ball with a much greater force than the cannon ball pushes on the cannon.
74.
Identify the force that propels a rocket.
a)
The rocket is propelled by the reaction force of the exhaust gasses bouncing off the air molecules outside the rocket.
b)
The rocket is propelled because the action force of the rocket on the exhaust gases is greater than the reaction force of the exhaust gasses on the rocket.
c)
The rocket is propelled by the reaction force from the particles accelerated out the rear by an action force from the rocket.
d)
The rocket is propelled because the action force of the rocket on the exhaust gases is less than than the reaction force of the exhaust gasses on the rocket.
75.
How does a helicopter get its lifting force?
a)
The helicopter exerts downward forces on the air that are slightly greater than the force of gravity, so it can hover.
b)
The helicopter exerts a downward force on Earth; the reaction force of Earth on the helicopter is called lift.
c)
The helicopter exerts downward forces on air; the reaction forces of the air on the helicopter are upward and called lift.
d)
The helicopter exerts upward forces on the air; the reaction forces of the air on the helicopter are downward and called lift.
76.
Can you physically touch a person without that person touching you with the same amount of force?
a)
No, when you touch a person, they must touch you with an equal and opposite force.
b)
Yes, you can touch a person while they choose to not touch you back.
c)
Yes, when a heavier person touches a lighter person, the lighter person touches back with less force.
d)
Yes, when you touch a person, they touch you back with a force that is slightly less due to friction.
77.
Force vector components for a sled pulled at an upward angle
a)
are always opposite each other
b)
add up to 90°
c)
are normally at right angles to each other
d)
add up to 180°
78.
What is meant by the term vector resolution?
a)
When a vector is broken into two components parallel to the vector, it is said to experience vector resolution.
b)
A vector can be broken into two components at right angles that add together to make the original vector.<br />
c)
When two vectors are subtracted using the parallelogram law, they are said to experience vector resolution.
d)
When two vectors are added using the parallelogram law, they are said to experience vector resolution.
79.
What happens to the magnitude of the normal vector on a block resting on an incline when the angle of the incline increases?
a)
The magnitude of the normal vector remains the same.
b)
The magnitude of the normal vector increases.
c)
The magnitude is zero.
d)
The magnitude of the normal vector decreases.
80.
What is the force of friction acting on a shoe at rest on an incline compared with the resultant of the vectors mg and N?
a)
It is equal and in the same direction.
b)
It is equal and opposite.
c)
It is zero.
d)
It is equal in magnitude to the resultant and opposite in direction to the normal force.
81.
Fill in the blanks: Newton's first law is often called the law of ____; Newton's second law is the law of ____; and Newton's third law is the law of ____.
a)
Acceleration, inertia, action -reaction
b)
Action, inertia, force
c)
Inertia, net force, friction
d)
Inertia, acceleration, action-reaction
82.
Which of Newton's three laws focuses on interactions?
a)
Newton's third law
b)
Newton's second law
c)
Newton's first law
d)
Newton's zeroth law
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