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WorksheetsOcean and Atmospheric Circulation Test
Total questions: 91
Worksheet time: 15hrs 10mins
The Coriolis effect influences the surface ocean currents.
True
False
The layers of the atmosphere starting closest to the surface of the Earth:
troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermospere, exosphere
thermosphere, stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, exosphere
stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
troposphere, thermosphere, mesophere, stratosphere, exosphere
Where does the ozone layer naturally occur?
mesophere
thermosphere
stratosphere
exosphere
A gas that naturally deflects the suns radiation back to space, keeping some of the harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching Earth's surface.
carbon dioxide
ozone
These naturally trap some of the heat from the sun in the Earth's atmosphere, allowing the Earth to maintain a temperature that is hospitable.
convection cells
greenhouse gases
trade winds
surface currents
Microscopic particles in the atmosphere that can be both anthropogenic and natural.
chlorophyll
basalt
aerosol
calcium carbonate
Surface currents are influenced in large part by ____________, and deep ocean currents are influenced in large part by ______________. (choose the option that lists the answers in the correct order)
heat, wind
density, gravity
wind, density
seismic activity, wind
Deeper water moves more slowly, and each layer deflects to the right or left due to the Coriolis effect. When observing the effect of wind on the water column, the deeper layers move in slightly different directions. This phenomenon is called:
Eckman spiral
gyres
thermohaline circulation
downwelling
Different varieties of an element such as carbon, are called isotopes. Each isotope has a different number of ________________.
electrons
neutrons
protons
atoms
Objects or particles moving over the surface of the Earth tend to deflect to the right in the Northern Hemisphere, and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
Convection cell
Coriolis effect
Ekman spiral
Upwelling
Monsoons are seasonal winds that affect some parts of the world. The figures below show wind circulation patterns during monsoons. What causes these patterns? (Pick 2 answers)
Wind circulates due to the Coriolis Effect.
Wind moves from low to high pressure.
Wind moves from high pressure to low pressure.
Wind moves in a straight line due to the Coriolis Effect.
The Coriolis Effect.... (Pick 3 answers)
helps distribute heat around Earth.
is due to gravity.
is caused by unequal heating to Earth's surface.
causes air masses to move in a curved direction.
Which statement is correct?
Upwelling is caused by winds that blow on the ocean's surface.
Upwelling moves water horizontally.
Surface currents are caused by differences in water density.
Surface currents move vertically through the water.
Winds are named by...
the direction they are blowing.
the tallest guy in the room.
the direction that is perpendicular to their motion.
the direction from where they originated.
When cool, dense air from over the water flows inland it is ... (Pick 2 answers)
a sea breeze.
movement of air from high pressure to low pressure.
a land breeze.
polar easterly.
The ___________________ is the wind system responsible for movement of weather from west to east across most of the continental United States.
jet stream
prevailing westerlies
polar easterlies
trade winds
An increase in ocean salinity can ..... (Pick 2 answers)
change the temperature of Earth near the poles.
change the density of water.
cause currents to form.
change the wind speed across the surface of the water.
Which of the following occurs when wind blows across the ocean's surface, pushing water away from an area?
jet stream
surface current
density current
upwelling
Steady winds that range from lines of latitude 30 degrees North and 30 degrees South are known as
polar easterlies
prevailing westerlies
jet stream
trade winds
The image shows the Great Ocean Conveyor Belt. Which best describes what this model represents?
how the density of water differs between the North Atlantic and other parts of the ocean.
how ocean currents change the salinity of water.
how ocean currents move thermal energy around Earth.
how the salinity of water affects its density.
Wind is used as a _______________ source of energy.
renewable
non-renewable
Wind is the movement of air from areas of _____ pressure to areas of _____ pressure.
low; high
high; low
Cool air over the land moving towards lower pressure over the water at night is called ___________.
land breeze
sea breeze
Cool air over the ocean moving towards lower pressure over the land during the day is called ___________.
land breeze
sea breeze
The only way that a sea breeze could occur at night is if the land stayed ________ than the water.
warmer
colder
Sun's energy warms Earth unevenly. These differences in temperature create differences in air pressure creating ________ and _________. (Pick 2 answers)
local winds
gravity
global winds
the equator
Warm air rises and flows north and south, away from _____________.
the poles
the equator
landmasses
oceans
Cold air sinks and flows north and south, away from _____________.
the poles
the equator
landmasses
oceans
The transfer of thermal energy by the movement of particles within matter is called ____________.
conduction
radiation
convection
Cold winds that blow from east to west near the North and South Pole are called___________.
polar easterlies
prevailing westerlies
trade winds
Steady winds that flow from west to east between 30 degrees north and 60 degrees north and 30 degrees south and 60 degrees south are called___________.
HINT: These winds blow across the US.
polar easterlies
prevailing westerlies
trade winds
Steady winds that flow from east to west between 30 degrees north and south latitude are called___________.
polar easterlies
prevailing westerlies
trade winds
The Coriolis effect causes moving air and water to appear to curve to the _______ in the Northern Hemisphere and to the ______ in the Southern Hemisphere.
right; left
left; right
Which of these choices is densest and would sink to the bottom?
Warm, fresh water
Cold, fresh water
Warm, salt water
Cold, salt water
Which of these choices is least dense and would float to the top?
Warm, fresh water
Cold, fresh water
Warm, salt water
Cold, salt water
Cold air ...
sinks
rises
Where experiences warm temperatures with clouds and rain?
The equator
The sub-tropical highs
The sub-polar lows
The polar highs
True or false - warm air rises, cools and condenses and forms clouds, this is called low pressure
True
False
What are trade winds?
Surface winds blowing towards the equator
Atmospheric winds
Winds blowing away from the equator
Low pressure winds
The ocean to the west of the UK is...
The Indian
The Pacific
The Atlantic
The Southern
What are the two "Golden Rules" of global atmospheric circulation? (Pick 2 answers)
Hot air rises
Mr. Funderburg's quizzes are always fun
Cold air sinks
Mrs. Arnold', lessons are always fun
Most of the sun's energy hits the Earth at the...
Tropic of Cancer
Arctic Circle
Tropic of Capricorn
Equator
After the air has risen at the equator, the air moves towards...
The Poles
The UK
Australia
The Himalayas
Use the diagram. Which latitudes does air rise at? (Pick 2 answers)
0°
30°
60°
90°
Use the diagram. Which latitudes does air sink at? (Pick 2 answers)
0°
30°
60°
90°
Use the diagram. Which latitudes get the most rain? (Pick 2 answers)
0°
30°
60°
90°
Pole regions receive less solar radiation than the equator, how does this affect global climate?
The global climate is mostly cold.
The global climate is mostly warm.
Equatorial regions experience colder climates.
Polar regions experience colder climates.
What is the result of convection currents in the atmosphere?
UV Radiation
Wind
Humidity
Ozone Layer
Convection currents from uneven heating of the Earth's surface cause _______.
Fossils
Volcanoes
Mountains
Wind
What happens during atmospheric convection?
Cool air circles pockets of warm air.
Warm air circles pockets of cool air.
Warm air rises and cool air sinks.
Cool air rises and warm air sinks
Which best describes radiation?
Emission of energy in the form of rays or waves.
Transmission of heat without the motion of the medium.
Heat transfer in a gas or liquid by circulation of currents.
Liquid converted to the vapor phase by heating.
Which is the best description of convection?
Heat transfer by circulation of currents to different regions.
Emission of energy in the form of rays or waves.
Transfer of heat through a medium without motion.
Change from a gas to a liquid.
Hot water in a beaker will eventually cool to room temperature, why?
The water released radiation until it contained no heat.
The water molecules absorbed energy from the air.
Heat energy was transferred from the water to the air.
Water molecules from the water formed warm water currents.
The type of heat transfer in the air to circulate and form such clouds is....
Evaporation
Convection
Radiation
Conduction
Convection occurs in the Earth's ________.
Oceans
Mantle
Atmosphere
Oceans, Mantle and Atmosphere
How would a person at the beach experience convection currents?
They would feel the water as cold.
They would feel the sand is hot.
They would feel the heat of the Sun.
They would feel wind as the air moves.
Select all that apply: Ocean circulation affects... (Pick 3 answers)
marine organisms
Earth's climate
the seasons
local weather
True or False: the suns radiation is greatest at the poles and declines as you move towards the equator
True
False
Gases that block heat from transmitting back to space are known as...
greenhouse gases
radiation
oxygen
none of the above
In the Northern Hemisphere the Coriolis Effect deflects things in what direction?
(a)
The wind that blow from West to East are known as
Polar Easterlies
Westerlies
Trade Winds
What layer of the ocean contains the Thermocline.
Surface Layer
Intermediate Layer
Bottom Layer
When pressure is high over the Indian ocean there tends to be a ______ pressure system over the Eastern Pacific.
high
low
intermediate
Select all that apply: During El Nino events which of the following things occur? (Pick 2 answers)
trade winds increase
trade winds decrease
upwelling ceases
upwelling increases
Storms that are characterized by heavy rain, strong winds, and an eye are called what?
cyclone
typhoon
hurricanes
all of the above
What causes a cyclone to lose energy? (Pick 3 answers)
passing over land
passing over warm water
passing over cold water
passing over the equator
Which of the following is NOT an impact that Climate Change has on humans.
more extreme storms
increasing intensity of ENSO
glacial shrinkage
longer growing seasons
What properties cause what to sink? (Pick 2 answers)
warm temperatures
salinity
cold temperatures
speed of the current
In the Southern Hemisphere storms spin in a _______________ direction.
Clockwize
Counter Clockwise
The horizontal motion of air relative to Earth's surface is
barometric pressure.
wind.
convection flow.
a result of equalized pressure across the surface.
Winds are named based on
the direction from which they originate.
the direction in which they are blowing.
the scientist who first described them.
the altitude at which they occur.
Which of the following is not a driving force of wind speed and direction?
electromagnetic force
pressure gradient force
Coriolis force
friction force
Which of the following is not true of the wind?
It is initiated by the pressure gradient force.
It blows from regions of high pressure to regions of low pressure.
The direction of flow can be affected by the rotation of Earth.
Air blows from regions of hotter air to regions of colder air.
Air flow is initiated by the
Coriolis force.
pressure gradient force.
friction force.
centrifugal force.
Which of the following describes the pressure gradient force?
It drives air from areas of higher to lower barometric pressure.
It causes apparent deflection of winds from a straight path.
It is the only force acting on atmospheric flows in the upper troposphere.
It exerts a virtually uniform force on the atmosphere.
The Coriolis force
drives air from areas of higher to lower barometric pressure.
decreases with height above the surface.
causes the apparent deflection of winds from a straight path.
is the only force acting on flows of air in the upper troposphere.
Which of the following is an example of global circulation?
migratory high and low-pressure systems
the monsoons
general circulation of the atmosphere
land and sea breezes
Which of the following is an example of regional circulation?
migratory high and low-pressure systems
weather patterns
general circulation of the atmosphere
mountain and valley breezes
Which of the following is an example of local circulation?
migratory high and low pressure systems
subtropical high pressure systems
general circulation of the atmosphere
land-sea breezes
Which of the following primary pressure areas are produced by thermal factors, rather than dynamic factors?
subtropical high and subpolar low
equatorial low and polar high
equatorial low and Bermuda High
Aleutian Low and Icelandic Low
Which of the following primary pressure areas are produced by dynamic factors, rather than thermal factors?
subtropical high and subpolar low
equatorial low and polar high
equatorial low and Bermuda high
polar high and Icelandic Low
The intertropical convergence zone is characterized by
convergence and uplift of warm surface air.
convergence and subsidence of cold surface air.
divergence and uplift of warm surface air.
divergence and subsidence of cold surface air.
Which association is incorrect?
Equatorial low - Hot/Dry
Polar High - Cold/Dry
Subpolar low - 60° N/S
Subtropical High - 20-35° N/S
________ are waving undulations within the upper-air westerly wind flow.
Hadley cells
Rossby waves
The jet stream
Monsoons
The most prominent movement in the upper-level westerly geostrophic wind flows are the
Rossby waves.
jet streams.
cyclones.
anticyclones.
Which of the following is not important in shaping ocean currents?
the frictional drag of winds
the Coriolis force and water density differences
land-sea breezes
configuration of continents and the ocean floor
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation
is a periodic shift of high and low-pressure zones over the western and eastern Pacific, respectively, usually occurring every 2 to 12 years.
is a pattern of sea surface, air pressure, and wind shifts between the northern and tropical western Pacific.
is a north-south fluctuation of high and low-pressure zones in the North Atlantic Ocean.
has weakened throughout the 20th Century and is expected to disappear completely in the first couple of decades of the 21st century.
Which of the following is true of high-pressure areas?
Air ascends and converges.
Air descends and diverges.
Air ascends and diverges.
Air descends and converges.
Which is true of air flowing into a low-pressure center?
Air converges and ascends.
Air diverges and ascends.
Air converges and descends.
Air diverges and descends.
