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Ecology

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 59mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Study of interactions between organisms and their environment 
a)
niche
b)
community 
c)
ecology
d)
ecosystem
2.
Members of a species in a defined area
a)
Ecosystem
b)
community
c)
biodiversity
d)
population
3.
Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem
a)
biotic factor
b)
abiotic factor
c)
food chain 
d)
biome
4.
What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?
a)
carbohydrates
b)
sunlight
c)
water
d)
carbon
5.
The nonliving aspects of an ecosystem.
a)
Abiotic factors
b)
Biotic factors
6.
A collection of organisms that belong to different populations but all live in the same area and interact with one another.
a)
Population
b)
Ecosystem
c)
Community
d)
Ecosphere
7.
Individuals that can breed with one another make up a
a)
species
b)
population
c)
community
d)
ecosystem
8.
Organisms that obtains its energy from abiotic sources, such as sunlight or inorganic chemicals
a)
Autotroph
b)
Heterotroph
c)
Omnivore
d)
Carnivore
9.

The difference between weather and climate is that climate is:

a)

The average, year-to-year conditions

b)

The day-to-day conditions

c)

Described in terms of months at a time

d)

B and C are both correct

10.

What is the greenhouse effect?

a)

It is a phenomenon where the sun’s rays are absorbed by clouds.

b)

It is a phenomenon that occurs when heat escapes into space.

c)

It is when heat is trapped by gases, then sent back to earth’s surface.

d)

It describes the atmosphere’s composition.

11.

Barnacles are animals that cannot move. In order to get food, they attach to whales and catch any floating plankton in the water. The whale is neither helped nor harmed in the interaction. What type of symbiosis is this?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Neutralism

12.

In the wild, some alligators gets their teeth cleaned by birds. The birds gets their food from the alligators' teeth.

What type of symbiosis is this?

a)

Mutualism

b)

Commensalism

c)

Parasitism

d)

Neutralism

13.

In an ecosystem, there are populations of moose, rabbits, grass, and pine trees. Suddenly, a fire blazes through the area, which kills all of the populations. As the months go on, new species of grass begin to take root. This attracts animals, and eventually the ecosystem is restored.


What type of ecological succession happened?

a)

Primary succession

b)

Secondary succession

c)

Tertiary succession

d)

None of the above

14.

In this photo, what is an abiotic factor?

a)

Deer

b)

Grass

c)

rain

15.

A bee receives nectar from a flower and carries the pollen to other flowers:

a)

predation

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

16.

Mistletoe grows and spreads on trees, taking their nutrients:

a)

predation

b)

parasitism

c)

mutualism

d)

commensalism

17.

What would happen within a few months after the formation of a volcanic island?

a)

pioneer species would grow

b)

no pioneer species would grow

c)

trees and large plants would grow

d)

rich, organic soil would be present

18.

What would be a good example of a primary consumer?

a)

carnivore

b)

detrivore

c)

decomposer

d)

herbivore

19.

Which organisms would be at the top or last trophic level?

a)

plant

b)

herbivore

c)

omnivore

d)

carnivore

20.

The monkey would be a

a)

decomposer

b)

producer

c)

primary consumer

d)

secondary consumer

21.

Introduced species disrupt ecosystems because they are a/an

a)

Keystone Species

b)

Endemic Species

c)

Invasive Species

d)

Native Species

22.

Which is an example of where primary succession could occur?

a)

a glacier melts and exposes new rocks

b)

natural fire burns a prairie

c)

a corn field is abandoned and left to overgrow

d)

flood covers a piece of land

23.

Mice might grow in population and destroy the community by eating all of the berry bushes if

a)

wolves and snakes were removed from the food web

b)

another predator migrated in to the community

c)

the snake population grew

d)

none of these

24.

Barnacles do not affect whales as they grow, but receive the benefit of a food source. This is

a)

parasitism

b)

mutualism

c)

commensalism

d)

neutralism

25.

These organisms are often not shown in a food chain, but are important for recycling nutrients

a)

producers

b)

decomposers

c)

primary consumers

d)

carnivores

26.

A lion that eats a zebra that eats grass is a

a)

primary consumer

b)

secondary consumer

c)

tertiary consumer

d)

quaternary consumer

27.

90% of the energy that gets lost as you move up a food pyramid or chain gets lost as

a)

pollution to the environment

b)

heat to the environment

c)

energy for decomposers

d)

gets recycled

28.

What percentage of energy is passed on to the next trophic level?

a)

5%

b)

10%

c)

50%

d)

90%

29.
All these organisms share the same
a)
Biome
b)
Population
c)
Community
d)
Habitat
30.
At what stage does this population reach it's carrying capacity on the Demographic Transition Model
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
31.
Bacteria which convert nitrogen gas into bio-available forms of nitrogen, such as ammonia and nitrate, are known as _____
a)
De-nitrification bacteria 
b)
Nitrogen fixing bacteria
c)
Oxidizers
d)
Buffers
32.
In which reservoir is carbon stored the shortest period of time ______
a)
Limestone rocks
b)
The ocean
c)
The atmosphere
d)
Coal
33.
Fungi are a  ________
a)
Autotrophs
b)
Heterotroopers
c)
Decomposers
d)
Primary Consumers
34.
In the food chain below if the worm contains 6 calories of energy, how much energy is available to the turtle to grow, develop, and reproduce if it ingest 10 worms?
a)
0.06
b)
0.6
c)
6
d)
60
35.
Approximately 90 percent of energy iconsumed by an organism is lost to ___ 
a)
Growth
b)
Inefficiencies in its metabolism 
c)
Repairing cells
d)
Carbon dioxide
36.
An individual belonging to a specific species
a)
Biotic
b)
Community
c)
Organism
d)
Reptile
37.
All of the living and nonliving things in an area that interact with each other are called a/an ______.
a)
community
b)
habitat
c)
population
d)
ecosystem
38.
The living part of an ecosystem
a)
Biotic
b)
Abiotic
c)
Mother Earth
d)
Flowers
39.
The non-living part of an ecosystem
a)
Ocean
b)
Lava Flow
c)
Birds
d)
Abiotic
40.
The study of how living things interact with one another and with their environment.
a)
Biology
b)
Lithology
c)
Ecology
d)
Farmacology
41.
Organisms that look similar and can produce fertile offspring
a)
Species
b)
Fish
c)
Community
d)
Trees
42.

What is the correct order for this food chain?

a)

Owl, Mouse, Grasshopper, Grass

b)

Grass, Mouse, Owl, Grasshopper

c)

Grass, Owl, Grasshopper, Mouse

d)

Grass, Grasshopper, Mouse, Owl

43.

Which of these organisms is the secondary consumer?

a)

Owl

b)

Mouse

c)

Grass

d)

Grasshopper

44.

Which of these organisms is the producer?

a)

Owl

b)

Mouse

c)

Grasshopper

d)

Grass

45.

What do herbivores eat?

a)

Animals

b)

Plants and Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Dead Animals

46.

What do omnivores eat?

a)

Animals

b)

Plants and Animals

c)

Plants

d)

Dead Animals

47.

Place the levels of environment in the correct order.

a)

biome, biosphere, population, organism, ecosystem,community

b)

organism, ecosystem, biosphere, population, community, biome

c)

organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere

d)

population, community, organism, biome, ecosystem, biosphere

48.

What is the hawk in the food web?

a)

Producer

b)

Primary consumer

c)

Secondary consumer

d)

Tertiary consumer

49.

Which of these is an aquatic biome?

a)

Savanna

b)

Tropical Rainforest

c)

Marine

d)

Tundra

50.

How much energy is transferred between trophic levels?

a)

25%

b)

20%

c)

10%

d)

90%

51.

Which of these is an autotroph?

a)

Consumer

b)

Producer

c)

Decomposer

52.

Volcano erupting would be an example of what type of succession?

a)

Primary

b)

Secondary

c)

Tertiary

53.

What was NOT a part of the water cycle?

a)

Condensation

b)

Precipitation

c)

Decompostition

d)

Evaporation

54.
What are the two parts of an ecosystem?
a)
water and sunlight
b)
all living and nonliving organisms
c)
producers and consumers
d)
soil and nutrients
55.
_______ is the study of relationships among living and nonliving parts of an environment. 
a)
Ecosystem
b)
Niche
c)
Habitat
d)
Ecology
56.

____________________ is the maintenance of a constant internal environment in response to changes in either internal or external conditions.

a)

Hemostat

b)

Changing environment

c)

Homeostasis

d)

Ecology

57.

Homeostasis is achieved ______________ when the animal or plant has particular physical features which help its survival in an otherwise hostile environment.

a)

Structurally

b)

Behaviorally

c)

Functionally

d)

Naturally

58.

Homeostasis is achieved ______________ by the metabolism of the animal or plant is able to adjust to changes in conditions as they are detected.

a)

Structurally

b)

Functionally

c)

Behaviorally

d)

Naturally

59.

__________________________ is when the response diminishes the original stimulus.

a)

Negative Feedback

b)

Positive Feedback

60.

___________ the change from ideal or resting conditions.

a)

Stimulus

b)

Receptor

c)

Relay

d)

Effector

61.

______________ is the cells or tissue which detects the change due to the stimulus.

a)

Stimulus

b)

Receptor

c)

Relay

d)

Effector

62.

________________ is the consequence of the response on the stimulus. May be positive or negative.

a)

Stimulus

b)

Effector

c)

Receptor

d)

Feedback

63.

_______________ is an action, at cell, tissue or whole organism level which would not have occurred in the absence of the stimulus.

a)

Renewal

b)

Feedback

c)

Response

d)

Stimulus

64.

Negative feedback is most common in biological systems.

a)

True

b)

False

65.

Insulin regulating blood glucose levels is an example of positive or negative feedback.

a)

Positive Feedback

b)

Negative Feedback

66.

Which of the following is not regulated by homeostasis?

a)

body temperature

b)

blood sugar

c)

blood pH

d)

body movements

67.

____________________ helps warm the human body when we are cold.

a)

sweating

b)

shivering

c)

inhaling oxygen

d)

exhaling carbon dioxide

68.
Homeostasis
a)
allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment
b)
is impossible in vertebrates
c)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
d)
is the maintenance of a relatively stable external environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation
69.
The maintenance of an organism’s internal environment is called:
a)
compensating
b)
homeostasis
c)
balancing
d)
routine
70.

The group of organisms that use the process of homeostasis includes

a)

mammals, only

b)

animals, only

c)

plants and animals

d)

all living things

71.
The tendency of an organism to maintain a balanced state in order to stay healthy.
a)
Stimuli
b)
Response
c)
Tropism
d)
Homestasis
72.

The ultimate cause of death

a)

Over Heating

b)

Diabetes

c)

Bad Hair

d)

Loss of Homeostasis

73.
Negative Feedback Loops:
a)
amplify processes
b)
prevent small changes from getting larger
c)
are initiated during childbirth
d)
are found only in plants
74.
Name the levels of organization in the human body in order from smallest to largest:
a)
Tissue, organ, organ system
b)
Organ system, tissue, organs, cells
c)
Cells, tissue, organs, organ system
d)
Cells , organs, tissue, organ system
75.
What is the name of the receptor that detect the rise and fall of body temperature?
a)
Thermoreceptor
b)
Osmoreceptor
c)
Baroreceptor
d)
Chemoreceptor
76.

When the body temperature drop below normal ranges, arterioles in the skin will

a)

dilate to allow less blood to flow to skin surface

b)

constrict to allow less blood to flow to skin surface

c)

dilate to allow more blood to flow to skin surface

d)

constrict to allow more blood to flow to skin surface

77.
When blood sugar level is low, which hormone is secreted by the pancreatic Langerhans?
a)
Beta cells secrete insulin
b)
Beta cells secrete glucagon
c)
Alpha cells secrete insulin
d)
Alpha cells secrete glucagon
78.
If the environment gets cold, we will often shiver in order to:
a)
keep body temperature the same as the external temperature
b)
decrease body temperature
c)
increase body temperature
d)
regulate blood pressure
79.
The "cause" for something to happen is the
a)
response
b)
effect
c)
stimulus
d)
homeostasis
80.

The graph above shows changes in body temperature of an endotherm with time.

Which one of the following accurately describes the regulatory mechanism shown in the graph?

a)

A - Negative feedback

b)

B - Positive feedback

c)

C - Thermoregulation

d)

Both A and C

81.

Which best describes the stimulus-response model?

a)

Stimulus -> receptor -> effector -> control center -> response

b)

Stimulus -> receptor -> control centre -> effector -> response

c)

Stimulus -> effector -> control center -> receptor -> response

82.

When blood glucose is high, the negative feedback mechanism is to produce which hormone?

a)

Glucagon

b)

Glycogen

c)

Insulin

d)

Basal Insulin

83.

What type of feedback system does the model represent?

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

glyogen

84.

What is the stimulus in the model above?

a)

body temperature

b)

increase in body temperature

c)

decrease in body temperature

d)

blood vessels dilating

85.

What is the sensor in the model above?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

muscles

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

Blood vessels

86.

What is the control center in the model above?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

muscles

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

Blood vessels

87.

What is an effector in the model above?

a)

Hypothalamus

b)

sweat glands

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

sweating

88.

What is a response (not the result) in the model above?

a)

body temperature increasing

b)

sweat glands

c)

thermoreceptors

d)

sweating

89.
When humans burn fossil fuels, most of the carbon quickly enters the                       as carbon dioxide.
a)
Water
b)
Atmosphere
c)
Sun
d)
Air
90.
Combustion is another word for _______________.
a)
a train
b)
a bus
c)
a dog
d)
burning
91.
What does not produce carbon dioxide?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Burning Fossil Fuels
c)
Animal respiration
d)
Plants decaying
92.
How do living organisms return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?
a)
respiration and photosynthesis
b)
 decomposition and respiration
93.
In the carbon cycle, producers take in the gas __
a)
carbon dioxide
b)
oxygen
c)
nitrogen
d)
carbon monoxide
94.
How does the carbon in grass become part of a lion?
a)
The lion eats the grass
b)
Carbon from grass doesn't end up in a lion. 
c)
The carbon ends up in the lion's food chain. 
d)
The lion breathes in carbon given out by the plant
95.
In what process is Carbon transformed into chemical energy?
a)
Photosynthesis
b)
Respiration
c)
Primary Production
d)
Secondary Production
96.

Which is a true statement?

a)

Humans depend on oxygen, plants depend on carbon dioxide

b)

Plants produce carbon dioxide

c)

Humans depend on carbon dioxide, plants depend on oxygen

d)

Humans don't depend on plants for the air they need

97.

How do plants affect the air that animals and people breathe?

a)

Plants use oxygen from the air to make their own food

b)

Plants release pollution into the air

c)

Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen

d)

Plants take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide

98.
Why is the ocean important to the carbon cycle?
a)
It keeps sediment containing carbon underwater for millions of years
b)
The ocean gives out more carbon then it takes in (increases global warming)
c)
The ocean isn't important to the carbon cycle.
99.
If the plant population decreased, the amount of carbon would _________.
a)
Stay the same
b)
Increase
c)
Decrease
100.
Carbon can be found in...?
a)
The atmosphere
b)
Inside of the Earth
c)
Fossil fuels
d)
All of the above!

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