The fluid leaving the glomerulus has a specific gravity of:

What are the variables included in the Cockgroft and Gault formula for creatinine clearance?

1. Age 3. Urine creatinine

2. Sex 4. Body weight

The average total volume of urine produced by a normal adult every 24 hours is about

An abnormal decrease in urine production is called:

Cloudiness in a freshly-voided urine could indicate the presence of:

Which of these plasma substances is NOT normally filtered through the glomerulus in significant amounts

Which term is defined as a urine volume in excess of 2000 mL excreted over a 24-hour period?

Which of the following will contribute to a specimen’s specific gravity if it is present in a person’s urine

Why is the first-voided morning urine specimen the most desirable specimen for routine urinalysis?

Freshly voided normal urine is usually clear; however, if it is alkaline, a white turbidity may be present due to:

A strong odor of cabbage in a urine specimen could indicate:

A specimen with a strong ammonia odor and a heavy white precipitate when it arrives in the laboratory may require:

A correlation exists between a specific gravity of 1.050 and a:

A yellow-brown specimen that produces a yellow foam when shaken can be suspected of containing:

A patient with a 1+ protein reading in the afternoon is asked to submit a first morning specimen. The second specimen also has a 1+ protein. This patient is

Urinalysis on a patient with severe back and abnominal pain is frequently performed to check for

Reagent strip – specific gravity readings are affected by:

The reagent strip reaction that requires the longest reaction time is:

The enzyme dipstick test for glucose has a sensitivity of:

Which of the following is true of the detection of urinary glucose?

Which of the reagents below is used to detect urobilinogen in urine?

All of the statements below regarding urine bilirubin tests are true EXCEPT

A positive test for blood in urine can occur in the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following is the major organic substance found in urine?

A reagent test strip impregnated with an aromatic amine such as p-arsanilic acid or sulfanilamide may be used to detect which analyte?

What is the expected pH range of a freshly voided urine specimen?

False positive levels of 5-HIAA can be caused by a diet high in:

Blue diaper syndrome is associated with:

Hurler, Hunter and Sanfilippo syndrome are hereditary disorders affecting metabolism of:

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase deficiency is associated with which of the following?

Urinary screening tests for mucopolysaccharides:

1. Acid albumin 3. Cyanide-Nitroprusside

2. CTAB 4. Nitroso-naphthol

He discovered phenylketonuria from a mentally retarded child with a peculiar mousy odor to his urine:

A clinically significant epithelial cell is the:

When using the glass slide and coverslip method, which of the following might be missed if the coverslip is overflowed?

Which of the following should be used to reduce light intensity in bright-field microscopy?

The finding of dysmorphic RBCs is indicative of:

The primary component of urinary mucus is:

The purpose of the Hansel stain is to identify:

What is the normal value for urinary eosinophils?

A disorder characterized by the disruption of the electrical charges that produce the tightly fitting podocyte barrier resulting in massive loss of proteins and lipids:

Visicoureteral reflux or the reflux of urine from the bladder back into the ureters may result to:

The presence of renal tubular epithelial cells and casts is an indication of

End-stage renal disease is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Broad and waxy casts are most likely associated with:

It is described as a genetic disorder showing lamellated and thinning of glomerular basement membrane:

Casts are formed primarily in which portion of the kidney?

A parasite associated with a positive leukocyte esterase is:

The hormone characteristically present in the blood of pregnant women and which, when its concentration in the blood reaches a certain point, also appears in the urine is:

HCG is produced by which of the following?

The most common composition of renal calculi is:

A renal calculi described as yellowish to brownish red in color with a moderately hard consistency is

A renal calculi described as pale and friable is

A stool specimen collected from an infant with diarrhea has a pH of 5.0. This result correlates with a:

What is the gold standard for fecal fat determination?

Which of the following pairings of stool appearance and cause does not match?

All of the following statements about CSF are true EXCEPT:

All of the following are indication of CSF traumatic tap EXCEPT:

The term used to denote a high WBC count in the CSF is

The limulus lysate test on CSF is a sensitive assay for:

A normal CSF glucose and lactate level is associated with which type of meningitis?

The most common cause of male infertility is

Which of the following stains is used to determine sperm viability?

Seminal fluid viscosity graded as 4 is described as:

Which test for FLM is least affected by contamination with hemoglobin and meconium

How are specimens for FLM testing delivered to and stored in the laboratory

The presence of a fetal neural tube disorder may be detected by:

What type of tube for gastric fluid collection is inserted through the mouth

A gastric disorder characterized by achlorhydria due to the presence of anti-parietal cell antibodies

All of the following may be associated with bronchial asthma EXCEPT:

A sputum that is rusty-colored and filled with pus is associated with:

CYFRA 21-1 is a tumor marker for:

This is a sensitive test for the detection of intra-abdominal bleeding:

Which of the following is the preferred urine specimen for cytology studies?

All of the following changes occur in unpreserved urine EXCEPT:

1. Decreased glucose

2. Increased pH

3. Increased ketones

4. Increased clarity

5. Incr. urobilinogen

6. Increased bacteria

Which of the following matches regarding specimen collection is/are incorrect?

1. Arthrocentesis – synovial fluid

2. Amniocentesis – amniotic fluid

3. Thoracentesis – Ascitic fluid

4. Pericardiocentesis – Pleural fluid

It refers to the ability of a microscopic lens to distinguish two small objects that are a specific distance apart:

Which type of microscopy is used to aid in identification of cholesterol in oval fat bodies, fatty casts and crystals?

Given the following, identify the preanalytical errors:

1. Patient misidentification

2. Poor handwriting

3. Reagent deterioration

4. Insufficient urine volume

5. Delayed transport of urine to lab

6. Instrument malfunction

Given the following, identify the preanalytical errors:

1. Patient misidentification

2. Poor handwriting

3. Reagent deterioration

4. Insufficient urine volume

5. Delayed transport of urine to lab

6. Instrument malfunction

Which statement regarding renal function is true?

Which statement about sample collection for routine urinalysis is true?

A brown or black pigment in urine can be caused by:

Which of the following contributes to SG, but not to osmolality?

In renal tubular acidosis, the pH of urine is:

The normal daily urine output for an adult is

approximately:

The normal renal threshold for glucose is:

Class C fires are usually caused by

The primary chemical constituents of normal

urine are:

A patient presenting with polyuria, nocturia, polydipsia,

and a high urine specific gravity is exhibiting

symptoms of what disorder?

The physical characteristic of color is assessed when a routine urinalysis is performed. What substance is

normally found in urine that is principally responsible for its yellow coloration?

Patients with diabetes insipidus tend to

produce urine _____________________ in volume with

_______________specific gravity.

During active transport, sodium is reabsorbed at?

This colligative property was the first principle incorporated into clinical osmometers.

Which of the following statements regarding WBCs in urinary sediment is true?

Which of the following statements regarding RBCs in the urinary sediment is true?

Which condition promotes the formation of casts in the urine?

The mucoprotein that forms the matrix of a hyaline cast is called:

Which of the following statements regarding urinary casts is correct?

Urine sediment characterized by pyuria with bacterial and WBC casts indicates:

Whewellite and weddellite kidney stones are composed of:

Alkaptonuria, a rare hereditary disease, is characterized by the urinary excretion of

Metastatic carcinoid tumors arising from the enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract are characterized by increased excretion of urinary

Which urinalysis reagent strip test will never be reported out as "negative"?

In reporting SSA turbidity, distinct turbidity is seen with no granulation:

Ascorbic acid causes false negative reactions in the following urine reagent strip except?

Ascending sequence of casts:

Which of the following reagents is used to react with ketones in the urine?

A reagent strip area impregnated with stabilized, diazotized 2, 4 dichloroaniline will yield a positive reaction with:

Lactose intolerance caused by the lack of sufficient lactase primarily presents with

Which of the following components is not normally present in synovial fluid?

Which of the following is not a function of the amniotic fluid surrounding a developing fetus?

A ΔA450 value that falls into zone III indicates that the fetus is experiencing

Which of the following conditions enhances the formation of serous fluid in a body cavity?

Which of the following parameters best identifies a fluid as a transudate or an exudate

Another name for a peritoneal effusion is: