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WorksheetsChapter 10 DNA Study Guide
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 38mins
True or False: Whole blood collected for DNA typing purposes MUST be placed in a vacuum containing the preservative ethylene glycol.
True
False
True or False: Luminol can be used at crime scenes to detect traces of blood without compromising potential DNA typing.
True
False
True or False: Buccal cells are obtained from the mouth and inside of the cheek.
True
False
True or False: The molecular structure of DNA was deduced by Francis Crick and Roslin Franklin with the help of James Watson's x-rays.
True
False
True or False: In an RNA strand uracil replaces adenine.
True
False
True or False: CODIS is a national system of shared databases of DNA typing information from convicted felons and crime scene evidence.
True
False
True or False: During gel electrophoresis the DNA is cut into fragments.
True
False
True or False: Gene splicing is a laboratory procedure that has made possible the synthesis of insulin through the development of bacteria.
True
False
True or False: Restriction enzymes limit the amount of protein produced in a cell.
True
False
True or False: Recombinant DNA technology is useful in producing insulin and growth hormone.
True
False
What nitrogenous base is NOT found in DNA?
cytosine
uracil
guanine
thymine
Which of the following depicts correct base-pairing in DNA?
C-T
T-A
A-U
G-A
The PCR technique requires the use of a thermal cycler to:
synthesize protein.
hydrolyze polymerase.
analyze the sequence of bases.
copy DNA.
Which statement about tandem repeats is NOT true?
They are of no forensic interest.
Their origin is a mystery.
It is thought that they may act as spacers between the coded regions of DNA.
More than 30% of the human genome is composed of these repeating units.
The uniqueness of mtDNA in a family is _____, compared to nDNA.
lower
higher
cannot be determined
How should blood-containing clothes from a victim be packaged?
in an airtight clear plastic container
in a metal container
in breathable paper after blood has dried
in breathable paper while blood is still wet
Which component of DNA forms the backbone of the molecule?
phosphate group
sugar
nitrogenous base
Both phosphate group and sugar
PCR is a technique that:
provides a statistical analysis of the sequence of the nitrogenous-base pairings.
virtually eliminates operator error from DNA analysis.
can produce many exact copies of segments of DNA.
all of these
STRs normally consist of repeating sequences of:
3-7 bases.
18-20 bases.
13-17 bases.
1-2 bases.
Depending on the circumstances which unique characteristic of mitochondrial DNA and/or the analysis of it can be considered an advantage or a disadvantage?
mtDNA analysis is more sensitive than nuclear DNA analysis.
mtDNA is not found in the nucleus of the cell but in the mitochondria.
All individuals of the same maternal lineage will be indistinguishable by mtDNA analysis.
Because each human cell contains hundreds to thousands of mitochondria, then there are hundreds to thousands of copies of mtDNA.
The technology of DNA typing had its beginnings in 1985 with the work of:
John Butler.
Alec Jefferys.
James Watson.
Henry Lee.
DNA is a(n):
polymer.
enzyme.
starch.
protein.
Which is NOT a component of a nucleotide?
sugar
nitrogenous base
phosphorous containing group
double helix
Information from the Human Genome Project will:
reveal the location of a gene on a particular chromosome.
be useful for diagnosing and treating genetic diseases.
aid in understanding the underlying causes of cancer.
all of these
The individuality of an organism is determined by the organism's:
environment.
decisions.
nitrogenous bases.
amino acids.
Which of the following proteins is mutated to cause the disease sickle cell anemia?
albumin
hemoglobin
gamma globulin
macroglobulin
In DNA replication, polymerases:
enable the strands to unwind from the helix.
help assemble the new DNA strands in proper base sequence.
separate the strands of the double helix.
B and C only
When using a three-probe system of DNA typing, what is the maximum number of bands a typical DNA pattern will show?
3
16
6
9
Which of the following is in the correct sequence?
addition of radioactive probe ---> gel electrophoresis ---> hybridization ---> Southern blotting ---> addition of restriction enzymes ---> visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film
addition of radioactive probe ---> Southern blotting ---> gel electrophoresis ---> hybridization ---> visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film
extraction of DNA from cells ---> hybridization ---> Southern blotting ---> gel electrophoresis ---> visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film
extraction of DNA from cells ---> gel electrophoresis ---> Southern blotting ---> hybridization ---> visualization of DNA fragments on x-ray film
Radioactive probes are used:
to visualize RFLPs.
as molecular scissors.
to hold DNA in helical shape.
as primers for DNA polymerase.
The rate at which large DNA fragments move through the electrophoretic gel is _____ the rate at which small DNA fragments move through the same apparatus.
greater than
the same as
less than
In the PCR process, the first step is to heat the DNA strands. This is to permit the:
DNA to be extracted from the nucleus of the cell.
hybridization to take place.
double-stranded molecules to separate completely.
DNA to coil very tightly in the helical shape.
Each cycle of the DNA Thermal Cycler takes approximately:
two minutes.
four hours.
30 seconds.
two hours.
What is the advantage of working with short DNA fragments?
They are more stable and less likely to break apart.
Their quantity can be greatly amplified by PCR technology.
They are less subject to degradation due to adverse environmental conditions.
all of these
STR analysis has replaced RFLP DNA typing because it:
can be implemented using the PCR.
is less subject to sample degradation.
reduces time to obtain results from a sample.
all of these
Means to detect the amelogenin gene are included in commercial STR kits:
gender.
age.
blood type.
ethnicity.
As currently performed, DNA-profiling technology CANNOT provide information helpful in:
settling matters of questioned paternity/maternity.
matching a suspect to biological evidence found at a crime scene.
ruling out a suspect.
determining whether an individual carries a genetic defect.
Using the low copy number DNA protocol, analysis are able to examine samples containing as few as _____ cells.
800
18
180
2000
_____ region(s) of mitochondrial DNA have been found to be highly variable in the human population for forensic determinations.
three
two
four
one
A typical STR DNA type emanating from a single individual shows a _____ band pattern.
zero
three
one
two
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A technique that simultaneously detects more than one DNA marker in a single analysis is called _____.
amino acids
chromosome
multiplexing
sequencing
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: The building blocks of proteins are known as _____.
amino acids
chromosome
multiplexing
sequencing
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: The specific pairing of base A with T and base C with G in double stranded DNA is known as _____.
amino acids
complementary base pairing
buccal cells
sequencing
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A procedure used to determine the order of the base pairs that constitute DNA is called _____.
amino acids
complementary base pairing
buccal cells
sequencing
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: Cells from the inner cheek lining are called _____.
epithelial cells
complementary base pairing
buccal cells
sequencing
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A threadlike structure in the cell nucleus, along which the genes are located is known as a(n) _____.
epithelial cells
amino acid
buccal cells
chromosome
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: The outer layer of skin cells are known as _____.
epithelial cells
amino acid
buccal cells
chromosome
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: An unstained object adjacent to an area on which biological material has been deposited is known as a(n) _____.
primer
substrate control
amelogenin gene
Y-STR
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: The synthesis of new DNA from existing DNA is called _____.
electrophoresis
substrate control
amelogenin gene
replication
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: Short tandem repeats located on the human Y chromosome known as _____.
short tandem repeats (STRs)
Y-STRs
amelogenin gene
restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A genetic locus useful for determining gender is a gene known as _____.
short tandem repeats (STRs)
Y-STRs
amelogenin gene
restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: The process of joining two complementary strands of DNA to form a double-stranded molecule is called _____.
replication
primer
human genome
hybridization
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: Different fragment lengths of base pairs that result from cutting a DNA molecule with restriction enzymes are known as _____.
Y-STRs
restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
human genome
short tandem repeats (STRs)
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A technique for separating molecules through their migration on a support medium while under the influence of electrical potential is called _____.
electrophoresis
hybridization
replication
substrate control
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A region of DNA molecule that contains short segments of three to seven repeating base pairs is known as a(n) _____.
short tandem repeats (STRs)
hybridization
restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs)
Y-STRs
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: A short strand of DNA used to target a region of DNA for replication by PCR is called a(n) _____.
amelogenin gene
human genome
primer
Y-STRs
Match the definition with its vocabulary word: The order of bases on all 23 pairs of human chromosomes is called the _____.
amelogenin gene
human genome
primer
Y-STRs
Give the complimentary base pair of the following nucleotide sequence:
A-A-A-G-C-C-C-T-T-A
Give the complimentary base pair of the following nucleotide sequence:
G-A-T-G-C-U-C-U-T-A
Give the complimentary base pair of the following nucleotide sequence:
G-A-G-G-C-A-C-T-T-T
