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WorksheetsREMEDIAL AUBF
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
Which statement regarding renal function is true?
Glomeruli are far more permeable to H2O and salt than other capillaries
The collecting tubule reabsorbs sodium and secretes potassium in response to antidiuretic hormone (ADH
The collecting tubule is permeable to H2O only in the presence of aldosterone
The thick ascending limb is highly permeable to H2O and urea
Which statement about sample collection for routine urinalysis is true?
Preservative tablets should be used for collecting random urine specimens
Containers may be washed and reused if rinsed in deionized H2O
Samples may be stored at room temperature for up to 2 hours
First morning voided samples are not acceptable when renal disease is suspected
Which urine color is correlated correctly with the pigment-producing substance?
Smoky red urine with homogentisic acid
Dark amber urine with myoglobin
Deep yellow urine and yellow foam with bilirubin
Red-brown urine with biliverdin
A brown or black pigment in urine can be caused by:
Gantrisin (Pyridium)
Phenolsulfonphthalein
Rifampin
Melanin
Urine production of less than 400 mL/day is:
Consistent with normal renal function and H2O balance
Termed isosthenuria
Defined as oliguria
Associated with diabetes mellitus
Which of the following contributes to SG, but not to osmolality?
Protein
Salt
Urea
Glucose
Urine with an SG consistently between 1.002
and 1.003 indicates:
Acute glomerulonephritis
Renal tubular failure
Diabetes insipidus
Addison’s disease
In renal tubular acidosis, the pH of urine is:
Consistently acid
Consistently alkaline
Neutral
Variable, depending upon diet
The normal daily urine output for an adult is
approximately:
0.2–0.5 L
0.6–1.6 L
2.7–3.0 L
3.2–3.5 L
The SG of the filtrate in Bowman’s space is
approximately:
1.000–1.002
1.004–1.006
1.008–1.010
1.012–1.014
The normal renal threshold for glucose is:
70–85 mg/dL
100–115 mg/dL
130–145 mg/dL
165–180 mg/dL
0 in Fire hazard means:
No hazard
Stable
Will not burn
Does not oxidize
This acronym is followed when a fire broke that requires the use of fire extinguisher.
RACE
PASS
CARE
PAUSE
This acronym is followed when a fire broke in a building.
RACE
PASS
CARE
PAUSE
All of the following are criteria for urine specimen rejection except?
Quantity not sufficient
Nonmatching labels and request forms
Improperly preserved urine specimen
Contaminated specimens with feces or toilet papers
Label is at the body of the specimen container instead of writing on to the top
He wrote the book uroscopy.
Charlatans
James Wright
Hippocrates
Frederik Dekkers
The primary chemical constituents of normal
urine are:
Protein, sodium, and water
Urea, water, and protein
Urea, chloride, and water
Urea, bilirubin, and glucose
A patient presenting with polyuria, nocturia, polydipsia,
and a high urine specific gravity is exhibiting
symptoms of what disorder?
Diabetes insipidus
Diabetes mellitus
Urinary tract infection
Uremia
A negative urine pregnancy test performed on a random
specimen may need to be repeated using a:
Clean-catch specimen
Fasting specimen
First morning specimen
24-Hour specimen
Major inorganic component of urine.
Sodium
Chloride
Urea
Creatinine
Major organic component of urine and is produced from the breakdown of protein and amino acids
Sodium
Chloride
Urea
Creatinine
The physical characteristic of color is assessed when a routine urinalysis is performed. What substance is
normally found in urine that is principally responsible for its yellow coloration?
Bilirubin
Melanin
Carotene
Urochrome
Clorets gives ______ color in the urine.
Brown
Blue-Green
Yellow
Orange yellow
Red
Every minute approximately two to three million glomeruli filter approximately ______of water-containing low-molecular-weight substances
20 mL/min
100 ml/min
120ml/min
1200 ml/min
It is considered the gold standard method for assessment of GFR.
Creatinine
Inulin
Urea
Beta2-Microglobulin
This colligative property was the first principle incorporated into clinical osmometers.
Freezing point
Boiling point
Vapor Pressure
Osmotic Pressure
Which of the following dyes are used in Sternheimer–Malbin stain?
Hematoxylin and eosin
Crystal violet and safranin
Methylene blue and eosin
Methylene blue and safranin
Which of the following statements regarding WBCs in urinary sediment is true?
"Glitter cells” seen in the urinary sediment are a sign of renal disease
Bacteriuria in the absence of WBCs indicates lower urinary tract infection (UTI)
WBCs other than PMNs are not found in urinary sediment
WBC casts indicate that pyuria is of renal, rather than lower urinary, origin
The ova of which parasite may be found in the urinary sediment?
T. vaginalis
Entamoeba histolytica
Schistosoma hematobium
Trichuris trichiura
Oval fat bodies are often seen in
Chronic glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
Acute tubular nephrosis
Renal failure of any cause
The mucoprotein that forms the matrix of a hyaline cast is called:
Bence–Jones protein
β-Microglobulin
Tamm–Horsfall protein
Arginine-rich glycoprotein
“Pseudocasts” are often caused by:
A dirty cover glass or slide
Bacterial contamination
Amorphous urates
Mucus in the urine
Urine sediment characterized by pyuria with bacterial and WBC casts indicates:
Nephrotic syndrome
Pyelonephritis
Polycystic kidney disease
Cystitis
Which type of casts signals the presence of chronic renal failure?
Blood casts
Fine granular casts
Waxy casts
Fatty casts
Small yellow needles are seen in the sediment of a urine sample with a pH of 6.0. Which of the following crystals can be ruled out
Sulfa crystals
Bilirubin crystals
Uric acid crystals
Cholesterol crystals
Which of the following conditions is often a cause of glomerulonephritis?
Hypertension
Cytomegalovirus infection
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Heavy metal poisoning
Whewellite and weddellite kidney stones are composed of:
Magnesium ammonium phosphate
Calcium oxalate
Calcium phosphate
Calcium carbonate
Alkaptonuria, a rare hereditary disease, is characterized by the urinary excretion of
Alkaptone
Phenylalanine
5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid
Homogentisic acid
Nitrite in a urine specimen suggests the presence of
White blood cells
Red blood cells
Bacteria
Yeasts
Which of the following systems utilizes polyelectrolytes to determine the specific gravity of urine?
Refractometer
Osmometer
TS meter
Reagent strip
Which urinalysis reagent strip test will never be reported out as "negative"?
Protein
Urobilinogen
Bilirubin
Nitrite
Seen in ethylene glycol poisoning
Dihydrate CaOx
Monohydrate CaOx
Both
Neither
Seen in Acute Interstitial Nephritis
RBC
Eosinophils
Bacteria
RBC and Bacteria
RBC and Eosinophils
The presence of this compound may indicate liver disease
bilirubin
hemoglobin
ammonia
intact RBCs
Which of the following is the pigment that gives urine its characteristic color
hemoglobin
biliverdin
homogentisic acid
urochrome
Hyposthenuria is urine with
consistently low specific gravity
consistently high specific gravity
normal specific gravity
specific gravity of 1.000
In reporting SSA turbidity, turbidity is seen with granulation but without flocculation
1+
2+
3+
4+
Normal urinary crystal which is colorless, resembling flat plates or thin prisms often in rosette form:
Amorphous phosphates
Struvite
Apatite
Calcium carbonate
A renal calculi described as very hard, dark in color with rough surface:
Calcium oxalate
Uric acid
Cystine
Phosphate
Which type of casts signals the presence of chronic renal failure?
Blood casts
Fine granular casts
Waxy casts
Fatty casts
Using polarized light microscopy, which of the following urinary elements are birefringent?
cholesterol
triglycerides
fatty acids
neutral acids
A reagent strip area impregnated with stabilized, diazotized 2, 4 dichloroaniline will yield a positive reaction with:
bilirubin
hemoglobin
ketones
urobilinogen
Which of the following findings is consistent with a subarachnoid hemorrhage rather than a traumatic tap?
Clearing of the fluid as it is aspirated
A clear supernatant after centrifugation
Xanthochromia
Presence of a clot in the sample
Which of the following conditions is most often associated with normal CSF glucose and protein?
Multiple sclerosis
Malignancy
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Viral meningitis
Neutrophilic pleocytosis is usually associated with all of the following except:
Cerebral infarction
Malignancy
Myelography
Neurosyphilis
Which cell is present in the CSF in greater numbers in newborns than in older children or adults?
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
Neutrophils
Following a head injury, which protein will identify the presence of CSF leakage through the nose
Transthyretin
Myelin basic protein
Tau protein
C-reactive protein
Which of the following conditions is commonly associated with an exudative effusion?
Congestive heart failure
Malignancy
Nephrotic syndrome
Cirrhosis
In which condition is the pleural fluid pH likely to be above 7.3?
Bacterial pneumonia with parapneumonic exudate
Rheumatoid pleuritis
Esophageal rupture
Pneumothorax
Which of the following crystals is the cause of gout?
Uric acid or monosodium urate
Calcium pyrophosphate or apatite
Calcium oxalate
Cholesterol
Which crystal causes “pseudogout”?
Oxalic acid
Calcium pyrophosphate
Calcium oxalate
Cholesterol
Which is the reference method for determining fetal lung maturity?
Human placental lactogen
L/S ratio
Amniotic fluid bilirubin
Urinary estriol
What is the most common cause of male infertility?
Mumps
Klinefelter’s syndrome
Varicocele
Malignancy
Which of the following values is the lower limit of normal for sperm concentration?
15 million per mL
40 million per mL
60 million per mL
100 million per mL
Which of the following stains is used to determine sperm viability?
Eosin Y
Hematoxylin
Papanicolaou
Methylene blue
Which carbohydrate measurement is clinically useful when performing a seminal fluid analysis?
Glucose
Galactose
Fructose
Maltose
Which of the following tests would be normal in pancreatic insufficiency?
Secretin stimulation
D-Xylose absorption
Twenty-four-hour fecal fat
β Carotene absorption
Which of the following is commonly associated with occult blood?
Colon cancer
Atrophic gastritis
Pernicious anemia
Pancreatitis
To determine amniotic fluid contamination with maternal urine, which of the following measurements could be used?
Creatinine concentration
Delta absorbance at 410 nm
Albumin/globulin ratio
Lactate dehydrogenase
A patient has been diagnosed with an upper gastrointestinal bleed. Which of the following would be characteristic for this condition?
Brown stool with streaks of bright red
Stool with lack of brown color ("clay-colored")
Stool with a much darker brown/black color
Yellow stool with increased mucus
The estimation of hyaluronic acid concentration by measurement of viscosity is useful in evaluating which type of fluid?
Spinal
Peritoneal
Pleural
Synovial
Which condition is characterized by increased levels of immunoglobulins in the cerebrospinal fluid, originating from within the central nervous system and not from the general blood circulation?
Gout
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Multiple myeloma
Multiple sclerosis
Which of the following organisms might not be detected if the specimen for vaginal secretion analysis had been refrigerated?
Prevotella bivia
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Trichomonas vaginalis
Candida albicans
A normal range for a vaginal pH is
3.8 to 4.5
5.0 to 6.0
6.0 to 7.0
7.0 to 7.4
Which of the following organisms produces lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide to maintain an acid vaginal environment?
Gardnerella vaginalis
Mobiluncus spp.
Lactobacilli spp.
β -Hemolytic streptococci
Collection of sweat for analysis is performed using what method?
Pilocarpine Iontophoresis
Paracentsis
Thoracentesis
Sweat induction
This is characterized by increased gastrin level leading to gastric acid hypersecretion
Cystic Fibrosis
Down Syndrome
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome
Pernicious Anemia
Anchovy red sputum indicates
Infection with P. aeroginusa
Early lobar pnuemonia
Tuberculosis infection
Bonchiectasis
The primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system is:
Chloride
Sodium
Potassium
Hydrogen
A strong odor of cabbage in a urine specimen could indicate:
Methionine malabsorption
Trimethylaminuria
Phenylketonuria
Tyrosyluria
Urinalysis on a patient with severe back and abnominal pain is frequently performed to check for
Bilirubinuria
Proteinuria
Hematuria
Hemoglobinuria
The reagent strip reaction that requires the longest reaction time is:
Bilirubin
Leukocyte esterase
pH
Glucose
Blue diaper syndrome is associated with:
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Hartnup disease
Alkaptonuria
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
A clinically significant epithelial cell is the:
Cuboidal cell
Clue cell
Caudate cell
Squamous epithelial cell
The purpose of the Hansel stain is to identify:
Neutrophils
Monocyte
Renal tubular cells
Eosinophils
What is the gold standard for fecal fat determination?
Van de Kamer titration
Van den Berg reaction
APT test
D-Xylose test
The term used to denote a high WBC count in the CSF is
Empysema
Neutrophilia
Pleocytosis
Lymphocytosis
Which type of microscopy is used to aid in identification of cholesterol in oval fat bodies, fatty casts and crystals?
Polarizing
Phase-contrast
Interference-contrast
Dark-field
Lactose intolerance caused by the lack of sufficient lactase primarily presents with
steatorrhea
osmotic diarrhea
secretory diarrhea
intestinal hypermotility
A ΔA450 value that falls into zone III indicates that the fetus is experiencing
no hemolysis
mild hemolysis
moderate hemolysis
severe hemolysis
Another name for a peritoneal effusion is:
Peritonitis
Lavage
Ascites
Cirrhosis
Which of the following is not a function of the amniotic fluid surrounding a developing fetus?
Amniotic fluid provides protection of the fetus.
Amniotic fluid enables fetal movement.
Amniotic fluid is a medium for oxygen exchange.
Amniotic fluid is a source of water and solute exchange.
Which of the following components is not normally present in synovial fluid?
Fibrinogen
Neutrophils
Protein
Uric acid
Which of the following reagents is used to react with ketones in the urine?
sodium nitroprusside
acetoacetic acid
acetone
beta-hydroxybutyric acid
Ascorbic acid causes false negative reactions in the following urine reagent strip except?
Blood
Bilirubin
Leukocytes
pH
In reporting SSA turbidity, distinct turbidity is seen with no granulation:
1+
2+
3+
4+
During active transport, sodium is reabsorbed at?
PCT
DCT
DLH
ALH
CD
Patients with diabetes insipidus tend to
produce urine _____________________ in volume with
_______________specific gravity.
Increased; decreased
Increased; increased
Decreased; decreased
Decreased; increased
Class C fires are usually caused by
Wood, paper, clothing
Chemicals
Metals
Electrical
Grease, oils and fats
