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AP Bio Unit 5

Total questions: 67

Worksheet time: 2hrs 14mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The most primitive species is the one that has

a)

The most number of derived traits

b)

The least number of derived traits

c)

The most complexity

d)

The longest life expectancy

2.
In mice, the homozygous mice are black and white. The heterozygous mice are gray. What pattern of inheritance is expressed in fur color in mice?
a)
complete dominance and recessiveness
b)
co-dominance
c)
incomplete dominance
d)
pleiotropy
3.
Chromosomes that do NOT play a role in determining the sex of an individual are called
a)
sex chromosoems
b)
X and Y
c)
autosomes
d)
A and B are correct
4.
What gamete possibilities could come from this parent's genotype?
a)
AB, AB, aB, aB
b)
Ab, AB, Ab, ab
c)
Ab, Ab, Ab, Ab
d)
AB, aB, ab, aB
5.
If the parents of a cross are AaBcCc x aaBBcc. What is the probability of an offspring that is homozygous recessive for all 3 traits?
a)
1/64
b)
1/32
c)
1/8
d)
O
6.
If a female was a carrier for sex-linked color blindness, what percentage of her male children would also be color blind?
a)
0%
b)
25%
c)
50%
d)
100%
7.
In a sex-linked inheritance pedigree you would expect to see
a)
more affected females
b)
all carrier males
c)
more affected males
d)
an equal number of affected males and females
8.
What is the gender of the individual whose karyotype is seen in the image?
a)
Male
b)
Female
9.
Tendency for alleles of genes on the same chromosome to be inherited together
a)
genetic linkage
b)
genetics
c)
Punnett square
d)
gene locus
10.
crossing an individual with a dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive organism
a)
mono-hybrid cross
b)
di-hybrid cross
c)
phenotype cross
d)
test cross
11.
Blood type AB is an example of:
a)
epistasis
b)
codominance
c)
incomplete dominance
d)
hybrid vigor
12.
What would we expect to happen in a test cross which involved genes that were closely linked?
a)
There would be a higher frequency of recombination.
b)
The offspring would show more individuals that represented the parents.
c)
The offspring would less individuals that represented the parents.
d)
The genes would assort themselves as if they were on separate chromosomes.
13.
The red and blue pair of chromosomes in the bottom row are
a)
genetically identical
b)
carrying the same  genes, but different alleles
c)
carrying completely different genes
d)
carrying the same genes and the same alleles
14.
Meiosis results in ______.
a)
4 genetically distinct haploid gametes
b)
2 genetically distinct cells
c)
2 genetically identical cells
d)
4 genetically identical cells
15.
the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
a)
heredity
b)
trait
c)
gene
d)
allele
16.
having two of the same genes for the trait (sometimes called purebred).
a)
homozygous
b)
hetrozygous
c)
protein
d)
chromosome
17.
having two different genes for a trait (sometimes called hybrid).
a)
protein
b)
homozygous
c)
heterozygous
d)
genotype
18.
G = green, g = yellow
The genotype for a yellow plant is...
a)
GG
b)
Gg
c)
gg
d)
all of the choices result in yellow
19.
An allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present.
a)
hidden allele
b)
dominant allele
c)
recessive allele
d)
present allele
20.
Humans have ________ pairs of chromosomes.
a)
21
b)
23
c)
46
d)
None of the above
21.
Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have ...
a)
16 chromosomes.
b)
46 chromosomes.
c)
8 chromosomes.
d)
4 chromosomes.
22.
Asexual reproduction will result in
a)
Identical offspring to the parent
b)
Twins
c)
Meiosis
d)
Non-identical offspring to the parent
23.
Diploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
4n
d)
1/2 n
24.
What are the variations of a gene called?
a)
dominant genes
b)
progeny
c)
alleles
d)
homologues
25.
One of the main reasons genes assort independent of one another  is that 
a)
they produce unrelated traits
b)
they produce related traits
c)
they are on the same chromosome
d)
they are on different chromosomes.
26.
A person with Turner syndrome has only one X chromosome. This means one of their gametes was missing a chromosome.
Which of the following is why gametes sometimes lack a complete chromosome?
a)
Incomplete dominance
b)
Nondisjunction
c)
Inversion mutation
d)
Substitution mutation
27.
If an organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
a)
6.
b)
12.
c)
24.
d)
3.
28.
Linked genes tend to be inherited together, like freckles and red hair, because they - - - 
a)
compliment each other well
b)
are on chromosomes close together
c)
are on the same chromosome 
d)
tend to be adaptations best suited for the environments of the organism
29.
Which genes are most likely linked?
a)
genes 1 & 2
b)
genes 2 & 3
c)
genes 3 & 4
d)
genes 1 & 4
30.
Genetic recombination is the production of offspring - - - 
a)
with new combinations of genes
b)
with similar genes as their parent
c)
that are completely different from the parents
d)
that are super cute and irresistible
31.

Why did Morgan choose fruit flies as a model organism?

a)

short life cycle

b)

few offspring

c)

little genetic variation

d)

large chromosome count

32.

A karyotype __.

a)

compares one set of chromosomes to another

b)

is a visual display of chromosomes according to size

c)

is a photograph of cells undergoing meiosis during anaphase

d)

of a normal human cell shows 48 chromosomes

e)

cannot be used to identify individual chromosomes beyond the fact that two chromosomes are homologous

33.

What term denotes the physical expression of a gene?

a)

genotype

b)

phenotype

c)

appearance

d)

homologous

34.

What organism did Mendel study?

a)

pea plants

b)

onions

c)

mice

d)

cats

35.

Which of the following laws claims that alleles will separate during meiosis, one going to half the sex cells, the other allele going to the other half.

a)

Law of Domination

b)

Law of Segregation

c)

Law of Speciation

d)

Law of Genetics

36.

Which of the following laws claims that alleles will come together independently of each other in the offspring?

a)

Law of Independent Assortment

b)

Law of Probable Expression

c)

Law of Typical Collection

d)

Law of Assorted Assignment

37.

Meiosis results in _____________ because there is/are _______________.

a)

2 identical haploid cells, 1 round of division

b)

4 identical diploid cells, 2 rounds of division

c)

4 unique haploid cells, 2 rounds of division

d)

2 unique diploid cells, 1 round of division

38.

This process involves homologous chromatids exchanging genetic material to increase genetic diversity.

a)

crossing over

b)

random fertilization

c)

independent assortment

d)

gene flow

39.

Snowshoe hares are brown in summer and white in winter, describe this event.

a)

Hares undergo phenotypic plasticity & environment influences gene express

b)

Hares are white in winter due to the snow binding to hair follicles

c)

Hares are brown from exposed dirt in summer

d)

Hares remain hidden in the winter months inhibiting fur darken from sun

40.

Biologists argue that when genes interact with the environment, they are "turned on" or "turned off." This process is known as

a)

The interactionist approach

b)

Gene mutation

c)

Reductionism

d)

Gene Expression

41.
Hemophilia is a x-linked disorder.  A woman is a carrier for the disorder.  Which is the correct genotype?
a)
Hh
b)
XHXh
c)
hh
d)
XhXh
42.
What do the shaded shapes represent?
a)
normal individuals
b)
individuals who have the trait
c)
carriers
d)
deceased
43.
There are many variations in skin color that can be inherited based on the combination of alleles that you inherit from your mom and dad.  This bell curve distribution is an example of
a)
incomplete dominance
b)
codominance
c)
multiple alleles
d)
polygenic inheritance
44.
What is the expected phenotypic ratio if you cross two heterozygotes for a single trait?
a)
1:1
b)
2:2
c)
3:1
d)
1:1:1:1
45.
If you crossed two tall pea plants and 25% of the offspring are dwarf pea plants, what can you deduce about the parents genotypes?
a)
You can't tell anything for sure
b)
One of them is homozygous recessive
c)
They are both heterozygotes
d)
They express codominance
46.
Disorders on the X chromosome affect _____ at a higher frequency.
a)
males
b)
females
c)
They affect both males and females evenly
d)
none of the above
47.
Besides genetics, what else influences an organism's phenotype?
a)
environment
b)
diet
c)
stage of the organism's life cycle
d)
all of these are true
48.
This image shows a ________
a)
Punnett Square
b)
Genetic Tree
c)
Phylogenic Tree
d)
Pedigree
49.
How many girls in this family express this recessive disorder?
a)
4
b)
5
c)
6
d)
7
50.
Aa, DD, bB, yy are all examples of
a)
genotypes
b)
phenotypes
51.
What type of phenotype is controlled by many genes?
a)
Incomplete Dominance
b)
Complete Dominance
c)
Epistasis (Polygenic Inheritance)
d)
Pleiotropy
52.
Haploid Cells are represented by
a)
2n
b)
n
c)
1/2 n
d)
4n
53.
A male shark has 40 chromosomes in each of its sex cells. How many would be present in its body cells?
a)
20
b)
40
c)
80
d)
160
54.
You inherited...
a)
most of your chromosomes from your mother
b)
most of your chromosomes from your father
c)
a random number of chromosomes from each parent
d)
half your chromosomes from your mother and half from your father.
55.
When homologous chromosomes match up, they form a structure call a ___________.
a)
tetrad
b)
triad
c)
diploid
d)
gamete
56.
Another name for a sex cell is a:
a)
gamete
b)
embryo
c)
bone cell
d)
muscle cell
57.
After meiosis is complete, the new cells:
a)
are all identical
b)
are all different
c)
are half identical and half different
d)
are all stretched out
58.
What is one of the advantages, why is it better to reproduce sexually versus asexually?
a)
survival of the fittest
b)
overproduction
c)
genetic variation
d)
cloning
59.
What is shown here? why is it important?
a)
crossing over - increases diversity
b)
nondisjunction - increases diversity
c)
crossing over - decreases diversity
d)
nondisjunction - decreases diversity
60.
If an organism’s diploid number is 12, its haploid number is
a)
6.
b)
12.
c)
24.
d)
3.
61.
Gametes are produced by the process of
a)
meiosis.
b)
mitosis.
c)
replication.
d)
crossing-over.
62.
Mitosis makes what type of cell?
a)
Somatic Cell
b)
Gametes
63.
What is the term that reffers to an individual who has an extra chromosome for an homologous pair?
a)
Monosomy
b)
Trisomy
c)
Nondisjunction
d)
Cancer
64.

This karyotype is taken from a ________.

a)

female with Turner's syndrome

b)

male with Down's syndrome

c)

female with Down's syndrome

d)

average female

65.

A pair of sex chromosomes that consists of XX is a __________________.

a)

Male

b)

Female

66.

Chromosomes 1-22 are ________ because they have genes for the same traits in both males and females

a)

homozygous chromosomes

b)

homologous chromosomes

c)

sex chromosomes

d)

autosomes

67.

If there are 50 chromatids in a cell in G1 phase, how many centromeres are there?

a)

100

b)

10

c)

50

d)

25

e)

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