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Microbiology

Total questions: 101

Worksheet time: 1hrs 7mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How are microbes classified?

a)

Charles Darwin

b)

Carolus Linnaeus

c)

Isaac Newton

d)

Galileo Galilei

2.

How many groups can microorganisms be categorized? (name them)

a)

Six

b)

Five

c)

Four

d)

Ten

3.

What are characteristics of Bacteria and Archaea?

a)

No nucleus

b)

Nucleus

c)

Single-celled

d)

Reproduce asexually

4.

What characteristics associate with fungi's?

a)

Eukaryotic

b)

Prokaryotic

c)

Obtain food from other organisms (molds /spores)

d)

Some are pathogenic

5.

What characteristics do protozoans share?

a)

Eukaryotic and single-celled

b)

Free living in water

c)

live in animal host

d)

Prokaryotic and single-celled

6.

Which type of locomotion do protozoa use?

a)

Pseudopods

b)

Cilia

c)

Flagella

d)

Tentacle

7.

How are algae grouped?

a)

Pigmentation

b)

Composition of cell walls

c)

Number of cilia

d)

Number of flagella

8.

Algae are?

a)

Prokaryotic

b)

Eukaryotic

c)

unicellular

d)

multicellular

9.

What does HAB stand for?

a)

Harmful algal bloom

b)

Harmful algal blossom

c)

Herpes and balls

d)

Hockey team

10.

What are prions?

a)

Infectious protein particles

b)

Micro organisms

c)

Tool used in microbiology

d)

Disease

11.

What damage do prions do?

a)

Misfiles normal brain proteins

b)

Fatal

c)

destroy healthy brain tissues

d)

produce chemicals in blood stream

12.

What is mad cow or creutzfelt-jakob disease caused by?

a)

Protozoans

b)

Parasites

c)

Prions

d)

Viruses

13.

What causes giardiasis, pneumonia ?

a)

Protozoans

b)

Bacteria

c)

Viruses

d)

Fungi

14.

What causes syphilis, leprosy and pneumonia?

a)

Protozoans

b)

Viruses

c)

Fungi

d)

Bacteria

15.

What causes smallpox?

a)

Viruses

b)

Prions

c)

Bacteria

d)

Fungi

16.

What are the functions of normal microbiota?

a)

Produce vitamins

b)

Help digestion

c)

Brain function

d)

Kill cells

17.

Who proposed spontaneous generation?

a)

Aristotle

b)

Louis pasteur

c)

Robert Koch

d)

Einstein

18.

Who is the father of microbiology?

a)

Louis pasteur

b)

Aristotle

c)

Robert Koch

d)

Einstein

19.

Who developed pasteurization?

a)

Louis pasteur

b)

Robert koch

c)

Aristotle

d)

Einstein

20.

What causes fermentation?

a)

Bacteria

b)

Yeast

c)

Viruses

d)

Pollen

21.

What is the process of heating liquids just enough to kill most bacteria called?

a)

Pasteurization

b)

Fixation

c)

Extractification

d)

Etiological pasteur

22.

What is the germ theory?

a)

Pathogens cause infectious diseases

b)

Pathogens kill people

c)

A disease will show the same symptoms in different individuals

d)

A disease will show different symptoms in different people

23.

Who discovered a technique to determine the specific etiological agent of an infectious disease?

a)

Louis Pasteur

b)

Aristotle

c)

Robert Koch

d)

Einstein

24.

What is Etiology?

a)

Study of causative agents of disease

b)

Study of horse diseases

c)

Study of biofilms

d)

Study of symptoms of different diseases

25.

How did Koch demonstrate etiology?

a)

Bacterium causes anthrax

b)

Bacterium causes smallpox

c)

Bacterium causes syphilis

d)

Bacterium causes pneumonia

26.

What are Koch's postulates?

4 lines
27.

What is the gram stain used for?

a)

Identify bacterium

b)

Isolate bacterium

c)

Kills bacterium

d)

Helps bacterium growth

28.

What colour will bacteria be if Gram positive?

a)

Purple

b)

Pink

c)

Blue

d)

Orange

29.

What colour are bacteria if gram negative?

a)

Purple

b)

Pink

c)

Orange

d)

Blue

30.

Washing hands, wearing gloves, sterilization, decontamination are all examples of

a)

Aseptic techniques

b)

Etiology

c)

Koch's postulates

d)

Staying clean

31.

What role do microorganisms play in the environment?

a)

Bioremidation

b)

Recycling

c)

Causation of disease

d)

Produce water

32.

How do we defend against disease?

a)

Serology

b)

Immunology

c)

Chemotherapy

d)

Etiology

33.

What is serology?

a)

Study of blood serum

b)

Study of serial killers

c)

Study of cerebral fluid

d)

Study of cervix

34.

What are the characteristics of life?

4 lines
35.

What are the two types of glycocalyces?

a)

Capsule

b)

Slime layer

c)

Biofilms

d)

Flagella

36.

What are the capsule glycocalyces made of and where are they?

a)

Polysaccharides

b)

Loosely attached to cell surface

c)

Firmly attached to cell surface

d)

Sticky layer

37.

What is an example of bacterial cell Glycocalyces?

a)

Streptococcus pneumonia

b)

Pseudomonas

c)

Syphilis

d)

E. coli

38.

What is long and responsible for bacterial motility?

a)

Flagella

b)

Pili

c)

Fimbriae

d)

Cillia

39.

What is a sticky, bristle like projections and shorter than a flagella called?

a)

Fimbriae

b)

Pili

c)

Cilia

d)

Flagella

40.

What are fimbriae used for?

a)

Locomotion

b)

For bacteria to adhere to one another

c)

for bacteria to adhere to substances in the environment

d)

To brush bacterias away

41.

Pili is longer than fimbriae but shorter than flagella

a)

True

b)

False

42.

What is a pili?

a)

Special type of fimbriae

b)

Special type of flagella

c)

Special type of cilia

d)

A chain of fimbriae

43.

What is the function of a pili?

a)

Locomotion

b)

Transfer DNA via conjugation

c)

bacteria use to adhere one another

d)

Bacteria use to adhere to substances in environment

44.

What provides shape to bacterial cells, protection and assistance in attaching to other cells?

a)

Bacterial cell wall

b)

Flagella

c)

Pili

d)

Cytoplasm

45.

How can you tell the difference in between gram positive and gram negative?

a)

Color

b)

Cell wall

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Resistance to chemicals

46.

Which has a thick layer of peptidoglycan?

a)

Gram-positive

b)

Gram-negative

c)

Eukaryotes

d)

Prokaryotes

47.

What is mycobacterium?

a)

Causative agent of leprosy and tuberculosis

b)

Causative agent of pneumonia

c)

Causative agent of athlete's foot

d)

Causative agent of covid-19

48.

Mycobacterium prevents what in gram variable bacteria?

a)

Drying out

b)

inflating

c)

deflating

d)

bursting

49.

Gram negative bacteria have

a)

Bilayer membrane

b)

Thin layer

c)

Thick layer

d)

Single membrane

50.

What is a characteristic of mycoplasma bacteria

a)

Lack cell wall

b)

causes atypical walking pneumonia

c)

Causes urogenital infections

d)

Bacteria found in covid-19

51.

Which is the smallest bacteria?

a)

mycoplasma

b)

Ureaplasma

c)

Gram-negative

d)

Gram-positive

52.

What are bacterial cytoplasmic membranes consist of?

a)

Phospholipids and haponoids

b)

Integral and peripheral proteins

c)

Carbohydrates

d)

Polyscharrides

53.

What is active transport?

a)

Transports substances across the membrane

b)

Substance is chemically modified during transport

c)

Contains cell's DNA

d)

Delivers cell's DNA

54.

Substance is chemically modified during transport is also known as

a)

Group translation

b)

Group translocation

c)

Active transport

d)

Passive transport

55.

What has defensive strategies against unfavourable conditions?

a)

Endospores

b)

Mycoplasma

c)

Mycobacterium

d)

Pili

56.

What are examples of endospores?

a)

Bacillus anthracis

b)

Clostridium spp.

c)

Streptococcus

d)

Escherichia coli

57.

What is clostridium botulinum?

a)

Botulism

b)

Tetanus

c)

anthrax

d)

gas gangrene

58.

Where do proteins synthesis?

a)

Ribosomes

b)

Cytoskeleton

c)

Membrane

d)

Cytoplasm

59.

What is responsible for cell division, cell shape, segregate DNA molecules, move through environment.

a)

Cytoskeleton

b)

Ribosomes

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

Proteins

60.

What do archaeal cell wall lack of?

a)

Peptidoglycan

b)

Polysaccharides

c)

Proteins

d)

Carbohydrate

61.

What helps anchor animal cells, strengthen cell surface, protect against dehydration and is a function in cell to cell recognition?

a)

Glycocalyces

b)

Polysaccharides

c)

Monosaccharides

d)

Carbohydrates

62.

What is the composition of cell walls in plants?

a)

Cellulose

b)

Chitin

c)

Polysaccharides

d)

Glucomannan

63.

What is the composition of fungal cell walls?

a)

Chitin

b)

Glucomannan

c)

Polysaccharides

d)

Cellulose

64.

What controls movement of substances in and out of cells and contains regions of lipids and proteins?

a)

Cytoplasmic membrane

b)

Cell wall

c)

Cytoplasm

d)

ribosomes

65.

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella?

a)

Structure & function

b)

Location: E is in cytoplasmic membrane

c)

length

d)

Size

66.

Eukaryotic ribosomes are larger than prokaryotic ribosomes

a)

True

b)

False

67.

What anchors organelles, produces shape of cell and is an extensive network of fibres and tubules?

a)

Cell wall

b)

Cytoskeleton

c)

Ribosomes

d)

Cytoplasmic membrane

68.

What are the principles of microscopy?

4 lines
69.

what does fixing do?

a)

Kills organisms

b)

Preserve morphology

c)

Anchors specimens

d)

allows growth

70.

What are dyes usually made of ?

a)

Salts

b)

Wax

c)

Water

d)

Sugar

71.

Acidic dyes work best at high pH

a)

True

b)

False

72.

Basic dyes work best at high pH

a)

True

b)

False

73.

To determine size, shape and arrangement of cells you would use?

a)

Simple staining

b)

Differential staining

c)

Special stains

74.

using more than one dye to distinguish different cells or structures is called?

a)

Simple stains

b)

Differential stains

c)

Special stains

75.

Which differential stains contain mycolic acid?

a)

Acid-fast

b)

Endospore

c)

Gram stain

d)

Histological stain

76.

What are structural stains used for?

a)

Presence of fungi

b)

Detect bacterial biofilm

c)

Identify microbial structures

77.

What groups can be identified based on morphology (shape)?

a)

Protozoa, fungi, algae, parasitic worms

b)

Fungi, Algae, Protozoa

c)

Algae, nematodes, viruses

d)

Viruses, fungi, algae, protozoa, parasitic worms

78.

____ are viruses that infect bacterial cells

a)

Bacteriophages

b)

Prions

c)

Fimbriaes

d)

Spacioviruses

79.

An aggregation of cells arising fro single parent cell is a

a)

discrete colony

b)

Biolfim

c)

Microaerophile

d)

Anaerobe

80.

A collection of microbes living on a surface in a complex community is a

a)

Discrete colony

b)

Biofilm

c)

Anaerobes

d)

Aerobes

81.

What is an obligate aerobes?

a)

Oxygen is essential

b)

Oxygen is not essential

c)

Can live with or without oxygen

d)

Do not use oxygen but tolerate it

82.

What is an obligate anaerobe?

a)

Oxygen is essential

b)

Oxygen is not essential

c)

Can live with or without oxygen

d)

Do not use oxygen but can tolerate it

83.

What is facultative anaerobes/aerobes?

a)

Oxygen is essential

b)

Oxygen is not essential

c)

Can live with or without oxygen

d)

Oxygen is not use but then can tolerate it

84.

What are Aerotolerant anaerobes

a)

Oxygen is essential

b)

Oxygen is not essential

c)

Can live with or without

d)

Can tolerate oxygen but do not use it

85.

What are microaerophiles?

a)

Low oxygen required

b)

High oxygen required

c)

Can live with or without oxygen

d)

Oxygen is tolerated but not used

86.

What are the four toxic forms of oxygen?

4 lines
87.

If temp is too low (cold), membranes become rigid and fragile

a)

True

b)

False

88.

If temp too high (hot) membrane becomes rigid and fragile?

a)

True

b)

False

89.

Which grows best at cold temps, do not cause human disease but can spoil food in fridge?

a)

Pshychrophiles

b)

Psychrotolerant

c)

Mesophiles

d)

Thermophiles

90.

Which survives, does not grow in cold temps, can cause human disease and grow in fridge food?

a)

Psychrophiles

b)

Psychrotolerant

c)

Mesophiles

d)

Thermophiles

91.

Which grows best at 20-40 degrees, most human pathogens?

a)

Psychrophiles

b)

Psychrotolerant

c)

Mesophiles

d)

Thermophiles

92.

Which cannot survive at body temp and have a hear stable enzyme?

a)

Psychrophiles

b)

Psychrotolerant

c)

Mesophiles

d)

Thermophiles

93.

Which grows in a neutral pH?

a)

Neutrophiles

b)

Acidophiles

c)

Alkalinophile

94.

Which grow best in acidic habitats?

a)

Acidophiles

b)

Neutrophiles

c)

Alkalinophiles

95.

Microbes need water to dissolve enzymes & nutrients?

a)

True

b)

False

96.

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

a)

Burst

b)

Crenation

c)

Dies

d)

Grows

97.

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will shrivel

a)

True

b)

False

98.

What does an obligate halophile need to survive?

a)

Salt

b)

Water

c)

Oxygen

d)

No oxygen

99.

Which bacteria lives under extreme hydrostatic pressure?

a)

Barophiles

b)

Halophiles

c)

Alkalinophiles

d)

Acidophiles

100.

Organisms that live in association with different species and harm them is called

a)

Antagonistic relationship

b)

Synergistic relationship

c)

Symbiotic relationship

101.

Organisms that live in association with different species and do not harm them is called

a)

Symbiotic relationship

b)

Antagonistic relationship

c)

Synergistic relationship

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