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G6 T2 Review 1

Total questions: 105

Worksheet time: 1hrs 19mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

____________ is the outermost system which is an invisible layer of gases that surround the planet.

a)

biosphere

b)

hydrosphere

c)

geosphere

d)

atmosphere

2.

What is the atmosphere made of?

a)

Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Trace amounts of other gases

b)

Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Helium

c)

Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Trace gases

d)

Nitrogen and Oxygen

3.

Which Earth system includes all of Earth's water?

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Atmosphere

4.

Where is most of Earth's water located?

a)

Oceans

b)

Lakes

c)

Ponds

d)

Swamps

5.

Which Earth system includes only the solid part of Earth?

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Atmosphere

6.

Which part of the geosphere is liquid?

a)

Crust

b)

Mantle

c)

Outer Core

d)

Inner Core

7.

Which Earth system includes the crust, mantle, and the core?

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Atmosphere

8.

Which Earth system includes living things?

a)

Geosphere

b)

Hydrosphere

c)

Biosphere

d)

Atmosphere

9.

Cryosphere encompasses

a)

polar regions

b)

mountain tops

c)

ice shelves

d)

all of the above

10.

Define atmosphere

a)

Life on earth

b)

Gases on and surrounding earth

c)

Water on earth

d)

The solid crust and semi fluid mantle of the earth

11.

Which of the earth spheres are interacting when evaporation occurs between the ocean and air?

a)

biosphere and atmosphere

b)

geosphere and biosphere

c)

atmosphere and hydrosphere

d)

biosphere and geosphere

12.

Which spheres are interacting when a volcano erupts and releases gas into the air.

a)

Biosphere & Geosphere

b)

Atmosphere & Hydrosphere

c)

Geosphere & Atmosphere

d)

Cryosphere & Biosphere

13.

A river erodes rock to form a canyon. Which two spheres are interacting in this example?

a)

geosphere and hydrosphere

b)

hydrosphere and biosphere

c)

biosphere and geosphere

d)

atmosphere and geosphere

14.

How do the atmosphere and the cryosphere interact?

a)

Gases in the atmosphere can freeze .

b)

Increased temperature in the atmosphere can cause the cryosphere to melt.

c)

The cryosphere keeps the atmosphere cold.

15.

How do the biosphere and the hydrosphere interact?

a)

Air contains water.

b)

Volcanic ash can enter the atmosphere.

c)

Living things need water to survive.

d)

These two spheres do not interact.

16.

The portion of the Earth system that includes the Earth's interior, rocks and minerals, and landforms.

a)

hydrosphere

b)

atmosphere

c)

biosphere

d)

geosphere

17.

"Cryo" in Cryosphere means

a)

frozen water

b)

rock, earth

c)

liquid water

d)

air

18.

_________ and ___________ are continuously cycled through the Earth System through processes such as the water cycle, wind and ocean currents. (What is the best answer?)

a)

air and sediment

b)

life and energy

c)

matter and energy

d)

water and sediment

19.
All of the pictures are examples of 
a)
weathering
b)
erosion
c)
biosphere
d)
hydrosphere
20.
A student is making a model of how the biosphere and atmosphere interact. Which model shows this?
a)
A model of animals eating plants.
b)
A model of animals drinking water.
c)
A model of animals decaying in the ground.
d)
A model of plants giving off carbon dioxide.
21.
True or False: Matter, energy and the processes within Earth's boundary are all a part of the Earth System.
a)
True 
b)
False
22.
This sphere is composed of the crust, mantle and core.
a)
Biosphere
b)
Hydrosphere
c)

Geosphere

d)
Cryosphere
23.
An unbalanced Energy Budget can ______________ global temperatures, greenhouse gases and polar ice caps.
a)

increase

b)
neutralize
c)
equilibrate 
d)
not affect
24.

If greenhouse gases increase and build up in our atmosphere, what happens?

a)

They trap more heat and global temperatures rise.

b)

They trap more heat and global temperatures decrease.

c)

They trap less heat and global temperatures rise.

d)

They trap less heat and global temperatures decrease.

25.

Keeping track of The energy coming in to from the sun and the energy being radiated out is known as

a)

the greenhouse effect

b)

global warming

c)

Earth's energy budget

d)

the electromagnetic spectrum

26.

What 2 things can disturb the Earth's energy budget?

a)

decrease in greenhouse gases

b)

increase in polar ice caps

c)

increase in greenhouse gases

d)

decrease in polar ice caps

27.

Statue of Liberty has changed colors over time because oxygen has caused the surface of the copper it is made of to change into a new chemical (just like copper pennies turn green). What kind of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

28.

Acid rain has worn away the features on this statue. What type of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

29.

The rocks in this stream have gradually worn down from the water and particles in the water rubbing on them over time (abrasion). What kind of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

30.

This freezing water is expanding, causing the crack in the rock to widen (frost action). What kind of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

31.

These plant roots are widening cracks in the rock. What kind of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

32.

This arch was formed by wind and particles carried by the wind rubbing on the rock over time (abrasion). What type of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

33.

Burrowing animals like this one dig holes in the ground, breaking up soils. What kind of weathering is this?

a)

chemical weathering

b)

physical weathering

34.

Does this show signs of physical or chemical weathering?

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

35.

Does this show signs of physical or chemical weathering?

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

36.

Does this show signs of physical or chemical weathering?

a)

Physical Weathering

b)

Chemical Weathering

37.
What is sediment?
a)
the process of rocks being broken down and carried away
b)
bits of rock and sand caused by the weathering of rocks
c)
the top layer of the soil
d)
decaying plant or animal material 
38.

the process by which layers or sheets of rock gradually peel away

a)
exfoliation
b)
abrasion
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
39.
Wind blowing sand from one location to another
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
40.
Rain washing away soil from a hillside
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
41.

the process of wearing down by friction - like sand blasting

a)

exfoliation

b)

abrasion

c)

erosion

d)

deposition

42.
oxidation produces rust on some rocks containing iron
a)
chemical weathering
b)
mechanical weathering
c)
erosion
d)
deposition
43.

erosion

a)

rocks and minerals change their composition as a result of chemical reactions

b)

the process by which rocks on or near the Earth's surface break down and change

c)

removal and transport of weathered material from one location to another

d)

the outer layer is stripped away due to extreme temperature change

44.

chemical weathering

a)

chemical reaction with oxygen

b)

water, oxygen, carbon dioxide and acids

c)

rocks and mineral change their composition as a result of chemical reactions

d)

when carbon dioxide combines with moisture in the atmosphere

45.

weathering

a)

the process by which rocks on or near the Earth's surface break down and change

b)

removal and transport of weathered material from one location to another

c)

rocks and minerals break down and change into smaller pieces of sediment

d)

rockes and minerals change their composition as a result of chemical reactions

46.

Ice wedging

a)

the process when rocks on or near Earth's surface break down and change

b)

repeated thawing and freezing of water in the cracks of rocks

c)

as roots grow , they expand and force the rocks apart

d)

the reaction of water with other minerals

47.

as the roots grow, they expand and force the rocks apart

a)

frost wedging

b)

exfoliation

c)

erosion

d)

Plant action

48.

The grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice, wind, or gravity is called __________.

a)

Abrasion

b)

Unloading

c)

Thermal expansion

d)

Frost Wedging

49.

Water in small cracks in rock expands when it freezes, eventually breaking off parts of the original rock. This is weathering by _______________.

a)

Abrasion

b)

Unloading

c)

Thermal Expansion

d)

Ice Wedging

50.

What type of weathering has occurred here?

a)

Unloading

b)

Frost Wedging

c)

Exfoliation

d)

Abrasion

51.
During chemical weathering, what can happen to the type of rock that has undergone chemical weathering?
a)
a new rock is produced that is larger than the original rock
b)
a new rock is produced that is the same as the original rock
c)
a new rock is produced that is different from the original rock 
d)
no new rock is created - it is just smaller in size
52.
Rust that forms on rocks or metal because of extended exposure to oxygen is what example of chemical weathering?
a)
carbon dioxide (carbonic acid)
b)
acid rain
c)
oxidation
d)
lichens
53.

What is a floodplain?

a)

The area near a river that floods when water levels get to be too high.

b)

The area near a river that looks boring or dull.

c)

The process of water levels going over a river or stream bank.

d)

Water gathering on the surface of the Earth because it doesn't seep into the ground.

54.

Which of the following is NOT a variable or factor that might affect how much runoff forms?

a)

Gradient

b)

Load

c)

Discharge

d)

Shape

55.

With a steeper slope, we would expect to see...

a)

less erosion

b)

more erosion

c)

the same amount of erosion

d)

no erosion at all

56.
Streams with steep gradients have a(n) _____ velocity than those with gentle gradients.
a)
Greater
b)
Lesser
c)
Average
d)
None of these
57.
The process when soil or rock are left or placed in a new location.
a)
Erosion
b)
Weathering
c)
Mass movement
d)
Deposition
58.

Oxbow lakes are generally formed by

a)

A) deposition, resulting in a sudden increase in the stream's gradient

b)

B) erosion, resulting in a sudden increase in the stream's gradient

c)

C) erosion, along the result of a cut off meander

d)

D) deposition along the outside banks of the curve in a meandering stream

59.
Which of the following actions causes the deposition of sand at a delta?
a)
river water slowing as it enters the ocean
b)
salt water & fresh water mixing together
c)
ocean waves transporting sand toward land
d)
ocean water slowing as it reaches the coast
60.
Which of the following best describes how erosion by groundwater might create a landform?
a)
Acidic water dissolves rock to form a cave
b)
Stream slowly wears away rock and soil
c)
Waves crashing against a shoreline
d)
Sediment building up to form a delta
61.
What is groundwater?
a)
any form of liquid water
b)
water that is not moving
c)
water on Earth's surface
d)
water below Earth's surface
62.
What is the place where land and a body of water meet?
a)
delta
b)
shoreline
c)
groundwater
d)
alluvial fan
63.
How does an alluvial fan form?
a)
where a stream enters an ocean
b)
when a stream overflows
c)
when a meandering stream is cut off
d)
when a stream reaches a flat area of land
64.
How does a sinkhole form?
a)
Stalactites erode a ceiling of a cave
b)
Streams in mountains erode sediment
c)

Underground water erodes the ceiling of a cave

d)
Stream erodes soil making it wider
65.
What forms as wind slows?
a)
mudflows
b)
rockfalls
c)
dunes
d)
glaciers
66.
What is responsible for the formation of sand dunes?
a)
Wind
b)
Water
c)
Gravity
d)
Ice
67.

What do we call the type of water erosion feature when it cuts off from the river ?

a)

Meander

b)

Oxbow lake

c)

Waterfall

d)

Valley

68.

A loop like bend in the shape of the river as the river winds from side to side

a)

Stream

b)

Gully

c)

Rills

d)

Meander

69.

An alluvial fan is

a)

A wide sloping deposit of sediment from a plain

b)

A wide sloping deposit of sediment from a narrow valley

c)

A wide fan-shaped deposit of sediment where a stream deposits on land

d)

None of te above

70.

A deposit that hangs like an icicle from the roof of a cave is called a

a)

Stalactite

b)

Stalagmite

c)

weathered rock

d)

Eroded rock

71.

Slow dripping build ups from the floor of the cave are called

a)

Carbonic acid

b)

Stalactites

c)

Stalagmites

d)

Rocks

72.

______________________ is the amount of water a river or stream can carry in a given amount of time.

a)

Load

b)

Gradient

c)

Discharge

d)

Alluvium

73.

refers to the materials carried by a stream.

(a)  

74.

This land form is

a)

meander

b)

delta

c)

oxbow lake

d)

flood plain

75.

This land form is

a)

delta

b)

alluvial fan

c)

oxbow lake

d)

flood

76.

This land form is made by

a)

streams

b)

groundwater

c)

stalactites

d)

stagmites

77.

•forms when waves erode and undercut rock to make steep slopes.

a)

sea saw

b)

sea cliff

c)

sea caves

d)

sea stalks

78.

What is a sinkhole?

a)

A hole formed when limestone is dissolved (WATER) and ERODED causing the land above to collapse.

b)

A pile of sediment and rocks that has been eroded then DEPOSITED by a glacier (ICE)

c)

the sudden movement of rock and soil down a slope caused by GRAVITY, heavy rains (WATER), cutting down trees, construction on steep slopes, and/or earthquakes.

d)

Pollution (sulfuric acid) from factories dissolves in precipitation; a cause of CHEMICAL weathering when the acid eats away at rocks and buildings.

79.

this is caused by underground water erosion

a)

sinkholes

b)

volcanoes

80.
A deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave like an icicle. 
a)
Stalactite
b)
Stalagmite
c)
Weathering
81.
Slow dripping from stalactites then create ___________ on the caves floor
a)
Stalactites 
b)
Stalagmites
82.

Where rock is softer, waves erode it faster

a)

True

b)

Flase

83.

Over time the waves may erode a small hollow area in a part of a rock called a

a)

sea cave

b)

sea arch

c)

beach

d)

none of the above

84.

When waves erode softer a layer of softer rock and becomes completely hollowed through

a)

sea cave

b)

sea arch

c)

beach

d)

none of the above

85.

A wave DEPOSITION includes which feature?

a)

sea arch

b)

sea cave

c)

beach

d)

None of the above

86.

Which of the following is considered a wave EROSION feature

a)

beach

b)

kettle

c)

oxbow lake

d)

sea cave

87.

Which of the following is considered a wave EROSION feature

a)

alluvial fan

b)

beach

c)

sea arch

d)

plucking

88.

Which image shows a sea cave?

a)
b)
c)
d)

None of the above

89.

Which image shows a sea arch?

a)
b)
c)
d)

None of the above

90.
A cliff formed near the ocean.  Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?
a)
Warm air melted the rock.
b)
Sun rays evaporated the rock.
c)
Ocean waves washed away rock.
d)
Plant roots pushed away the rock.
91.
An example of a  landform created by wind deposition is
a)
Sand Bar
b)
Sea Cliff
c)
Dunes
d)
Pebbles
92.

If the rock is hard, the erosion is ....

a)

faster

b)

slower

c)

impossible

93.

Sandbars, barriers islands and are caused by waves’

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

weathering

94.

Sea arches, caves and cliffs are formed by waves’

a)

deposition

b)

erosion

c)

weathering

95.

How do sand dunes move?

a)

Wind blows sand over the edge of the dune and drops it on the other side.

b)

Wind moves the entire sand dune at once.

c)

Wind blows the bottom part of the sand dune, and makes it move.

d)

Wind picks up the sand dune and drops it somewhere else.

96.

What can help protect against wind erosion?

a)

Rocks

b)

Sand

c)

Plants

d)

People

97.

Wind changed all these landforms except

a)

Sand Dunes

b)

Desert Pavements

c)

Loess

d)

V-shape Valley

98.

__________ is created by the removal of silts and clay by the wind, leaving behind a pebbled rocky surface

a)

North Pavement

b)

Desert Pavement

c)

Sand Pavement

d)

South Pavement

99.

What is a loess?

a)

A deposition formed by wind made of sand

b)

A pond of water in the desert

c)

A deposition formed by wind made of fine particles of clay and slit.

100.

What is deflection?

a)

wind erosion that removes surface soil

b)

wind erosion that removes surface rocks

c)

wind erosion that removes underground soil

d)

wind erosion that removes everything from the surface

101.

What are two kinds of wind erosion?

a)

Physical and chemical

b)

Deflation and abrasion

102.

What are two types of features that result from wind deposition?

a)

Sand dunes and loess deposits

b)

Mountins and flat surface

103.
How can you determine wind direction by looking at a sand dune?
a)
The wind blows up the gentle slope and then down the steeper slope.
b)
The wind blows up the steeper slope and then down the gentle slope.
104.

The steep side of a sand dune...

a)

faces the wind.

b)

faces away from the wind.

105.

How do sandy beaches form?

a)

Waves pounding pebbles int smaller and smaller pieces

b)

Wind eroding pebbles into smaller pieces

c)

Water freezing and thawing the cracks of pebbles

d)

Rain wearing away rocks into smaller and smaller pieces

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