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WorksheetsUNIT 5 AP BIOLOGY TEST REVIEW
Total questions: 79
Worksheet time: 3585secs
How are the products of meiosis different from mitosis?
Mitosis makes 4 identical diploid daughter cells
Mitosis makes 2 genetically unique haploid daughter cells
Meiosis makes 4 genetically unique haploid daughter cells
Meiosis makes 2 genetically identical diploid daughter cells
If a somatic cell of an organism contains 64 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would that organism's gametes have?
64
128
32
16
How are the chromosomes in a gamete different from the chromosomes in a somatic cell?
Gametes contain a full set of chromosomes, somatic cells contain chromatids
Gametes have twice as many chromosomes as somatic cells
Somatic cells and gametes contain the same amount of chromosomes
Gametes contain one copy of each chromosome, while somatic cells contain two copies
What occurs during meiosis that allows for each gamete having a random set of chromosome?
Law of Segregation
Nondisjunction
Crossing over
Independent assortment
Which process during prophase I is responsible for creating new combinations of genes on chromosomes?
Crossing over
Nondisjunction
Independent assortment
Segregation
Which process during prophase I ensures that each gamete only receives 1 copy of each chromosome?
Independent assortment
Segregation
Nondisjunction
Crossing over
Why are the processes of independent assortment, segregation, and crossing over important for a species fitness and survival?
They produce stronger gametes
They prevent mutations from being passed down.
They increase genetic variation in a population
They help speed up natural selection
What can scientists determine by using the recombination frequency of two genes?
The traits the genes code for
Whether or not the genes are linked and their relative position on the chromosome
How many chromosomes will be present in the gamete
Whether or not the gene is recessive or dominant
How does independent assortment contribute to genetic variation?
It regulates how many paternal and maternal chromosomes a gamete receives.
It randomizes the number of maternal and paternal chromosomes a gamete receives
It ensures that only 1 copy of each chromosome is distributed to a gamete.
It produces new combinations of genes on a chromosome
Why did Mendel see no recessive traits in his first generation of pea plants when the parent generation had recessive phenotypes?
All of the F1 offspring had the heterozygous genotype
The parents only passed on dominant alleles to the offspring/
All of the F1 offspring were homozygous dominant
The recessive genes were removed by segregation
What type of inheritance does the pedigree to the right show?
Autosomal recessive
Sex-linked recessive
Autosomal dominant
Sex-linked dominant
If two individuals are unaffected by a recessive disorder, yet they had a child with the disorder, what must be true of the parents?
The parents gametes contained a mutation
The parents are both heterozygous
One parent was a carrier for the disorder
One parent had to be homozygous
When will you reject the null hypothesis in a Chi-square test?
When you found no correlation between the variables
When the test statistic is greater than the value on the Chi-square table
When the test statistic is less than the value on the Chi-square table
When the observed values are very close to the expected values
How can you determine if genes are linked when not looking at the phenotypes of parents and their offspring?
The genes will be inherited separately majority of the time.
The genes will be inherited together greater than 50% of the time.
This cannot be determined by observation
Why are fathers not able to pass on X-linked recessive traits to their sons?
This is untrue, males can pass on x-linked traits to their sons
Males will only pass on dominant X-linked traits
Males cannot carry recessive x-linked traits
Males do not pass on X chromosomes to their sons
Map the following genes: A – B = 20% A - C = 10% B – C = 10% A – D = 15%, D – C = 5%
BADC
CADB
ACBD
ACDB
What environmental conditions can affect the expression of genes?
Light intensity
Temperature
pH
All of the above
If a nondisjunction occurs during meiosis II, how many gametes are affected
All 4
Just 1
2 of the 4
None of them
What is a trisomy?
A chromosomal mutation were a section of DNA was copied multiple times
A condition where an individual is missing a chromosome
A mutation where a section of a chromosome has removed
A mutation resulting from nondisjunction where an individual has an extra copy of a chromosome
Does meiosis occur in prokaryotic cells?
Yes it is necessary for their survival
No, prokaryotic cells do not form gametes
Meiosis results in _____________ because there is/are _______________.
2 identical haploid cells, 1 round of division
4 identical diploid cells, 2 rounds of division
4 unique haploid cells, 2 rounds of division
2 unique diploid cells, 1 round of division
Snowshoe hares are brown in summer and white in winter, describe this event.
Hares undergo phenotypic plasticity & environment influences gene express
Hares are white in winter due to the snow binding to hair follicles
Hares are brown from exposed dirt in summer
Hares remain hidden in the winter months inhibiting fur darken from sun
Describe the process of nondisjunction.
Homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information
The alignment of the chromosomes on the metaphase plate
Homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids remain attached during anaphase
The process of sperm and egg fusing to create a zygote
When does the process of independent assortment take place?
prophase I
metaphase I
anaphase I
telophase I
What phase of meiosis describes the law of segregation?
telophase I
anaphase I
telophase II
anaphase II
The diagram above illustrates which of the following processes?
Crossing-over
Base pair subsitution
Duplication
Deletion
Imagine you are performing a cross involving garden pea plants. What F1 offspring would you expect if you cross true-breeding parents with green seeds with yellow seeds? Yellow seed color is dominant over green.
100 percent yellow-green seeds
100 percent yellow seeds
50 percent yellow, 50 percent green seeds
25 percent green, 75 percent yellow
If blue and red true-breeding flowers are mated and result is all purple offspring, what inheritance pattern would this be indicative of?
Codominance
Dominance
Incomplete dominance
Multiple Alleles
Can a human male be a carrier of red-green color blindness?
Yes, males can be carriers of red-green color blindness, as color blindness is autosomal dominant
No, males cannot be the carriers of red-green color blindness, as color blindness is X-linked
No, males cannot be the carriers of red-green color blindness, as color blindness is Y-linked
Yes, males can be carriers of red-green color blindness, as color blindness is autosomal recessive
P Generation -> _________ -> F2; Fill in the blank
P2
F1
O1
What is an example of a codominant trait in the human body?
Hair color
Skin Color
Blood Type
Color Blindess
Maternal and paternal sister chromatids join together through the process of synapsis to form what structure?
Homologous pairs
Quadruplets
Tetrads
Super DNA
In Snowmen, three buttons (B) is dominant to two buttons (b), and a carrot nose (N) is dominant to a coal nose (n). What would be the genotype of a snowman that was homozygous recessive for button number and heterozygous for nose type?
BBNn
bbNN
bbNn
BbNn
Who is the Father of Genetics?
Charles Darwin
Einstein
Newton
Gregor Mendel
In snapdragons come in three colors yellow (YY), blue (BB), and green (YB). What would be the chances of having green flowers if you crossed a blue snapdragon with a green snapdragon?
25 %
50%
75%
0%
If a particular pedigree follows a sex-linked recessive trait, you would expect to see
more affected females
all carrier males
more affected males
an equal number of affected males and females
Which of the following is why gametes sometimes lack a complete chromosome?
Which genotype represents a male with hemophilia?
In tomatoes, tall is dominant to dwarf, and smooth fruits are dominant to hairy fruits. A plant homozygous for both dominant traits is crossed with a plant homozygous for both recessive traits. The F1 progeny are crossed with the following results: 93 tall with smooth fruits; 87 dwarf with hairy fruits; 11 tall with hairy fruits; and 9 dwarf with smooth fruits. These data indicate that the genes are
on different chromosomes.
linked and show 5 percent recombination.
linked and show 10 percent recombination.
linked and show 20 percent recombination.
Locus A and locus B recombine with 10 percent frequency. Locus A and locus C recombine with 23 percent frequency. Locus B and locus D recombine with 4 percent frequency. Locus D and locus E do not recombine. Based on this information, which pairs of loci are most likely to be closest together?
A and B
A and C
B and D
D and E
A cross between two plants results in 292 tall, yellow plants and 103 short, green plants. What are the most likely genotypes of the parents?
A change in a gene, group of genes or chromosome that results in a change in the proteins
Replication
Mutations
Translation
Transcription
Part of a chromosome
is deleted
Deletion Mutation-Gene
Translocation
Deletion Mutation -Chromosomal
Crossing Over
Part of a chromosome is repeated
Gene Mutation
Point Mutation
Deletion Mutation
Duplication Mutation
Part of a chromosome is reversed.
Inversion Mutation
Deletion Mutation
Translocation
Point Mutation
Part of one chromosome is transported and attached
to a non-homologous chromosome
Inversion Mutation
Translocation Mutation
Duplication Mutation
Point Mutation
Condition caused by nondisjunction at pair 21 during meiosis.
Individuals have an extra chromosome
at pair 21, or a total of 47 chromosomes.
Also called Trisomy 21.
Cystic Fibrosis
Translocation
Hemophilia
Down Syndrome
(column) do you look at when finding the critical value?
observed: 10 circles expected: 12
observed 20 squares expected : 18
observed 30 triangles expected: 30
What is the degrees of freedom?
In the formula for Chi Squared, the E stands for
the sum
the observed frequency
The expected frequency
the p value
In the formula for Chi Squared, the O stands for
the sum
the observed frequency
The expected frequency
the p value
Mrs. Hock asks her class what their favorite ice cream flavor is. She wonders if the flavors are equally represented. The table shows the observed values. What should be the expected counts of each flavor if they are equally represented?
40
20
4
3
If the χ2 critical value = 5.99 and the
χ2 calculated value = 7.35, what is the conclusion
Reject null hypothesis
Accept null hypothesis
there is not enough info to decide
The conclusion can only be made if we also know the p-value
Chi-squared is a form of statical analysis used to compare observed data to the __________ results of an experiment.
hypothetical
expected
theoretical
unknown
A hypothesis that states there is no relationship between 2 variables.
alternative
discreet
null
synthetic
Hypothesis in which there is some statistical significance between two measured phenomenon.
null
scientific
statistical
alternative
What is the mode of inheritance shown here?
Autosomal Recessive
Autosomal Dominant
Sex Linked Recessive
Mitochondrial
paternal imprinting
genes that are physically located on the same chromosomes close together
linked genes
multiple alleles
codominance
polygenic inheritance
incomplete dominance
