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Evolution Unit Review

Total questions: 63

Worksheet time: 1hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This kind of structure are body parts that have no function now and are now the remains from an ancestor.
a)
analogous structure
b)
homologous structure
c)
vestigial structure
2.
This is any alteration in a structure of a function that allows an organism to be better suited for its environment.
a)
vestigial structures
b)
adaptation
c)
embryo
d)
species
3.
What kind of evidence for evolution is shown in this image?
a)
fossil evidence
b)
anatomical evidence
c)
molecular evidence
4.
The image shows an example of..
a)
vestigial structure
b)
analogous structure
c)
homologous structure
5.
The image shows an example of..
a)
vestigial structure
b)
homologous structure
c)
analogous structure
6.
The image shows an example of..
a)
homologous structure
b)
vestigial structure
c)
analogous structure
7.
Most organisms look similar when they are embryos, what does this mean?
a)
this is evidence that aliens exist
b)
this is evidence that we share the genes of a common ancestor
c)
this is evidence that all organisms are clones of each other
8.
This is a mechanism of evolution that selects the individuals that are best suited for the environment.
a)
artificial selection
b)
gene flow
c)
genetic drift
d)
natural selection
9.
________ is important because it increases the likelihood that some individuals will survive.
a)
variation
b)
natural selection
c)
fossils
d)
homologous structures
10.
Mutations are important because they bring about
a)
death of an organism in which they develop
b)
genetic variation needed for a population to evolve
c)
benefits for the individual, but not for the population
11.

High levels of genetic variation will ______ survival.

a)

increase

b)

decrease

12.

Those with increased "fitness" will most likely...

a)

die from predator attacks

b)

be the strongest in the population

c)

survive and produce offspring

d)

die after a short time and produce no offspring

13.

Fruit bats have developed long thumbs that help them eat fruits.

Some fruit bats have developed especially strong long thumbs that help them remove the pit (seed) from the fruit.

Which of the following most likely led to the development of the fruit bats adaptation?

a)

limited water

b)

competition

c)

food type

14.

Otters are prey to alligators. Recently bobcats have begun to eat otters and they are faster than alligators. What will happen to the otter population?

a)

the otters will force a mutation in their DNA to become faster

b)

the slow otters will workout and train until their legs are faster

c)

the fast otters will survive and reproduce to create a population of fast runners

15.

Similarities in DNA between two different organisms most likely means...

a)

they share a long lost relative

b)

they share the same parents

c)

they share a common ancestor

16.

Which is least related to tiger?

a)

lizard

b)

human

c)

shark

17.
In a species of plant, the sudden appearance of one plant with a different leaf structure would most likely be the result of:
a)
asexual reproduction
b)
interbreeding with other species
c)
mutations
d)
climate change
18.
Zebras and horses do not interact in the wild, but in captivity a zebra and a horse may mate with each other and produce offspring. These offspring do not generally live long and are infertile. Which of the following conclusions about zebras and horses is best supported by this information? 
a)
zebras and horses evolved at different times
b)
zebras and horses are adapted to different environments
c)
zebras and horses are two distinct species
d)
zebras and horses are part of the same species, but have different variations
19.
Homologous structures in two species
a)
have no apparent function
b)
indicate that those species share a common ancestor
c)
are usually very reduced in size
d)
all of the above
20.
Which of the following pairs shows convergent evolution?
a)
human and ape hand and feet structure
b)
shark's fins and dolphin's fins
c)
woolly mammoth and a elephant have trunks
d)
zebra and horse have similar hooves
21.
Which of the following is an example of a vestigial structure?
a)
opposable thumbs 
b)
rotating shoulder joint
c)
forelimb of a bat
d)
pelvic bone in a whale
22.
When populations with separate ancestors adapt in similar ways to similar environmental demands (e.g., "flippers" in whales and penguins), it is referred to as
a)
vestigial structures
b)
natural selection
c)
convergent evolution
d)
coevolution
23.
In early stages, the embryos of many different animals, such as dogs, pigs, and humans, all resemble one another. This observation suggests that these animals may have
a)
similar number of chromosomes
b)
similar habitats
c)
the same blood components
d)
a common ancestry
24.

Evolution is the __________ of a species over ___________.

a)

change, space

b)

increase, geography

c)

change, time

d)

advancement, land

25.

Which of the following types of evidence for evolution is the MOST reliable (contains the least number of errors)?

a)

fossils

b)

embryology

c)

homologous structures

d)

DNA

26.

The hypothesis that evolution of a species occurs in periods of rapid change separated by periods of little or no change is called...

a)

gradualism

b)

speciation

c)

punctuated equilibrium

d)

isolation

27.

The formation of a new species is called _________, which is typically the product of divergence.

a)

reproductive isolation

b)

subspecies

c)

divergence

d)

speciation

28.

the loss of genetic diversity that occurs when a small number of individuals from a large population of a species establish a new population

a)

founder effect

b)

bottleneck effect

c)

mutation

d)

natural selection

29.

A random change in the allele frequency of a population over successive generations

a)

genetic variation

b)

natural selection

c)

speciation

d)

genetic drift

30.

they process by which traits or alleles become more or less frequent in a population depending on the advantage or disadvantage they confer on the survival and reproduction of the organism

a)

mutation

b)

speciation

c)

natural selection

d)

genetic drift

31.

a change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genome (DNA)

a)

natural selection

b)

mutation

c)

variation

d)

adaptation

32.

range of differences in DNA within a population or species

a)

genetic variation

b)

genetic drift

c)

founder effect

d)

mutation

33.

selective breeding of plants and animals by humans

a)

natural selection

b)

bottleneck effect

c)

directional selection

d)

artificial selection

34.

a limited variety of alleles in a population due to a dramatic decrease in population size

a)

founder effect

b)

bottleneck effect

c)

antibiotic resistance

d)

...you should study

35.
The 8 levels of classification, broadest to most specific.
a)
Domain, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Species
b)
Domain, Species, Kingdom, Genus, Phylum, Family, Class, Order
c)
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
d)
Order, Kingdom, Species, Domain, Phylum, Family, Class, Genus
36.

Which 2 organisms would be able to reproduce and produce fertile offspring?

a)

2 organisms in the same class

b)

2 organisms in the same family

c)

2 organisms in the same genus

d)

2 organisms in the same species

37.

The scientific name for an organism is made from the:

a)

class and family name

b)

genus and species name

c)

domain and kingdom name

d)

kingdom and phylum name

38.

Term given to describe the 2 part (name) naming system is:

a)

dichotmous key

b)

binomial nomenclature

c)

2 scientific names

d)

binomial key

39.

The taxon with the largest amount of organisms grouped together...

a)

Species

b)

Phylum

c)

Kingdom

d)

Domain

40.

Which taxonomic group will have organisms that share the most traits?

a)

domain

b)

kingdom

c)

species

d)

class

41.

The scientific name for a raccoon is written below in several different ways. Which one is written in the correct form?

a)

Procyon lotor

b)

Procyon lotor

c)

Procyon Lotor

d)

PROCYON LOTOR

42.
Which organisms pictured on the cladogram have hair?
a)
prosimians only
b)
prosimians and humans
c)
humans only
d)
prosimians and birds
43.

How many Domains are there

a)

10

b)

2

c)

3

d)

6

44.

I have cell walls

I am an autotroph

I am multicellular

What am I?

a)

Plant

b)

Animal

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Protist

45.

I have no cell walls

I am eukaryotic

I reproduce sexually

I am multicellular

What kingdom do I belong to?

a)

Plant

b)

Animal

c)

Protist

d)

Fungi

46.

I am unicellular

I am prokaryotic

I am found in extreme ecosystems

What kingdom do I belong to?

a)

Protist

b)

Plant

c)

Animal

d)

Archaebacteria

47.

Which scientist studied taxonomy?

a)

Mendeleev

b)

Leeuwenhoek

c)

Linnaeus

d)

Darwin

48.

I am a type of bacteria

Don't mistake me for archaea

I can be found almost anywhere

What am I?

a)

Fungi

b)

Protist

c)

Eubacteria

d)

Archaebacteria

49.

The 4 eukaryote kingdoms are Animals, Plants, Fungi, and

a)

Bacteria

b)

Archaea

c)

Humans

d)

Protists

50.

Which of these is a eukaryote?

a)

bacteria living in your digestive system

b)

archaea

c)

bacteria living in food

d)

mold

51.

A heterotroph

a)

cannot make its own food.

b)

is able to make its food.

52.

What characteristics are used to divide organisms into kingdoms?

a)

number of cells, nucleus, obtaining energy

b)

number of legs, mammal, reptile

c)

obtaining energy, habitat, nucleus

d)

number of cells, eggs or live birth, aquatic or terrestial

53.

A FAMILY of organisms would be grouped into a LARGER taxonomic level of a

a)

phylum

b)

class

c)

genus

d)

order

54.
Miller/Urey and other scientists have shown that:
a)
 Life on early Earth required material from space
b)
Cells survived in the primitive atmosphere
c)
Amino acids could be produced from inorganic molecules 
d)
Simple cells can be produced in a laboratory
55.
The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?
a)
Fossil A and C are the same age
b)
Fossil B is older than fossil C
c)
Fossils A is older than fossil B
d)
Fossil D is older than fossil C
56.
The theory of Endosymbiosis explains...
a)
The origin of eukaryotes
b)
How species develop
c)
How bacteria evolved
d)
Why cells rely on one another
57.
The idea that Earth's early oceans had organic molecules that became the first life is called the...
a)
Primordial soup hypothesis
b)
Bubble hypothesis
c)
Miller-Urey Experiment
d)
Radioactive dating theory
58.

Natural selection occurs when which of the following conditions are met?

a)

individual organisms depend on each other to obtain available resources

b)

variations between individual organisms lead to differential survival chances

c)

habitat and nutrient resources in an area are plentiful over a long period of time

d)

the conditions in an ecosystem support a wide range of living organisms

59.

The frequency of a certain trait in a population will increase over many generations if which of the following is true?

a)

the trait is carried by all members of the population but expressed only in a few

b)

those organisms without the trait interbreed freely with those that have the trait

c)

there is a sudden change in the environment that reduces the population with the trait

d)

those organisms with the trait will have better reproductive success than those without it

60.

Which of the following characteristics of eukaryotic cells is used to support the theory that they evolved from the union of free living cells?

a)

the presence of mitochondrial DNA

b)

the ability to transport materials across membrane

c)

reproduction of mitotic cell division

d)

differentiation of stem cells into specialized cells

61.

Earth's early atmosphere was most likely made of carbon dioxide, ammonia and methane, with little or no oxygen. Which of the following supports the theory that organic compounds could have been formed from Earth's early atmospheric gases?

a)

The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis

b)

Photosynthetic cyanobacteria

c)

mitochondrial DNA

d)

The Miller-Urey experiment

62.
Which trait do only humans have, according to the cladogram?
a)
jaws
b)
mammary glands & hair
c)
terrestrial during all life stages
d)
bipedal & opposable thumbs
63.
According to this cladogram, birds are LEAST related to: 
a)
Amphibians
b)
Sharks
c)
Ray Finned Fish
d)
Crocodiles

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