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Anatomy Exam 2

Total questions: 73

Worksheet time: 41mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

In whichgroup does the hyomandibula singularly suspend the jaw?

a)

Sharks (extant)

b)

Amphibians

c)

Reptiles

d)

Mammals

e)

all but mammals

2.

Which of the following lacks choanae/internal nares?

a)

Amphibians

b)

Reptiles

c)

Birds

d)

Mammal

e)

Ray-Finned Fishes

3.

which of the following bones forms the (bony) secondary palate of crocodilians but NOT that of mammals?

a)

premaxilla

b)

maxilla

c)

palatine

d)

pterygoid

4.

How many generations of teeth does diphyodonty represent?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

more than 2

5.

Vertebrae develop from:

a)

sclerotomes

b)

myotomes

c)

Dermetomes

6.

Choose the correct sequence of vertebral.

a)

halving of primary sclerotomes-> formation of secondary sclerotomes-> future vertebrae

b)

halving of secondary sclerotomes-> formation of primary sclerotomes-> future vertebrae

7.

A(n) ______ centrum is conducive to vertical and horizontal flexion of adjacent vertebrae, at the same time preventing twisting them.

a)

acoelous

b)

amphicoelous

c)

procoelous

d)

heterocoelous

8.

False Ribs:

a)

reach the sternum

b)

consist of only costal segment and do not reach the sternum

c)

consist of both costal and sternal segment but do not reach the sternum

9.

Bones such as a femur and humerus develop from:

a)

epimere

b)

mesomere

c)

splanchnic mesoderm

d)

somatic mesoderm

10.

Floating Ribs:

a)

reach the sternum

b)

consist of only costal segment and do not reach the sternum

c)

consist of both costal and sternal segment but do not reach the sternum

11.

choose an intramembranous girdle bone

a)

ilium

b)

pubis

c)

cleithrum

d)

scapula

e)

ischium

12.

Lepidotrichia are fin rays in chondrichthyans and are made of keratin

a)

true

b)

false

13.

when a human stands normally, our foot posture represents.

a)

digitigrade

b)

unguligrade

c)

plantigrade

14.

hyperphalangy is typical in:

a)

cursorial birds

b)

secondarily aquatic tetrapods

c)

snakes

d)

sharks

15.

choose the secondary function of muscles

a)

heat generation

b)

joint movement

c)

restraining motion

d)

visceral movement

16.

all of the following pertain to cardiac muscle, except:

a)

is voluntary muscle

b)

possesses intercalated discs

c)

does not experience fatigue

d)

is striated

e)

is mononucleated

17.

aponeurosis is:

a)

connective tissue

b)

a type of tendon

c)

sheet-like in shape

d)

lack vascularization

e)

all of the above

18.

biceps brachii and brachialis muscles are _______ to each other

a)

antagonists

b)

synergists

19.

When you look up at a starry sky while standing on the ground at night, the joint between our skull and the atlas undergoes:

a)

flexion

b)

supination

c)

elevation

d)

extension

e)

hyperextension

20.

Which of the following lacks a horizontal septum?

a)

lampray

b)

bony fishes

c)

cartiliginous

d)

salamanders

e)

reptiles

21.

From fishes to tetrapods, it is _____ of axial musculature that decreases evolutionarily.

a)

relative volume

b)

complexity

22.

Somites and somitomeres both contribute to cranial musculature.

a)

True

b)

False

23.

Choose a hypobranchial muscle.

a)

masseter

b)

temporalis

c)

tongue

d)

pterygoideus

e)

clavotrapezius

24.

Which of the following is a limb muscle contribution of muscular sling?

a)

latissimus dorsi

b)

mastoid

c)

trapezius

d)

rhomboideus

e)

none of the above

25.

Find the group that exhibits both pleural and peritoneal cavities.

a)

sharks

b)

frogs

c)

mammals

d)

lizards

e)

all but sharks

26.

Which of the following groups possess a diaphragm?

a)

sharks

b)

frogs

c)

lizards

d)

mammals

e)

all of the above

27.

Of the four layers of an alimentary canal, the second innermost (deepest) later is:

a)

serosa/adventitia

b)

submucosa

c)

mucosa

d)

muscularis externa

28.

Which animal groups possess fleshy (muscular) lips?

a)

chondrichthyans

b)

mammals

c)

amphibians

d)

non-avian reptiles

e)

mammals and amphibians

29.

Tooth roots are covered by:

a)

dentin

b)

enamel

c)

cementum

d)

general epithelium

30.

High tooth crowns for example of a horse exhibit:

a)

hypodont

b)

hypsodont

c)

brachydont

d)

homodont

31.

Deer possess all of the following dental features except:

a)

selenodont molars

b)

heterodonty

c)

polyphyodonty

d)

thecodonty

e)

diastema

32.

A cat does NOT exhibit/possess:

a)

lingual feeding

b)

long, keratinized filiform papillae

c)

salivary glands

d)

poison glands

33.

An optimal respiratory surface is:

a)

thin

b)

moist

c)

large area

d)

all of the above

34.

In passive diffusion, molecules move from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration of the particular molecules.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

Which of the following animal groups rely on cutaneous respiration least?

a)

mammals

b)

snakes

c)

aves

d)

amphibians

e)

bony fish

36.

______ are situated dorsal to the pharynx and are used for both buoyancy control and respiration.

a)

Lungs

b)

Physoclistous bladders

c)

Physostomous bladders

37.

The air passing through parabronchi moves _____ the blood flow inside the capillaries inside avian lungs.

a)

against

b)

parallel to

c)

perpendicular to

d)

birds aren't real

38.

Which of the following groups possesses alveoli in their lungs?

a)

amphibians

b)

non-avian reptiles

c)

aves

d)

mammals

39.

Of the six dermatocranial series, the one that forms the roof of the skull along the midline is:

a)

facial

b)

orbital

c)

temporal

d)

vault

e)

palatal

40.

There are _____ centra per neural arch in diplospondyly.

a)

0

b)

1

c)

2

d)

more than 2

41.

the jaw suspension in which the dentary is directly attached to the skull

a)

is found in mammals

b)

is known as craniostyly

c)

allows the hyomandibula alone to suspend the jaw

42.

the chondrocranium....

a)

becomes ossified in most vertebrates via intramembranous ossification

b)

is a platform for the brain to sit on

c)

is made up of the braincase and sensory capsules

d)

is formed from neural crest cells alone

e)

is formed by neural crest cells and mesodermal mesenchymal cells

43.

the splanchnocranium....

a)

is exclusively derived from neural crest cells

b)

was added last evolutionarily

c)

supports and protects the pharynx

44.

surrounds the orbits and is absent in many mammals

a)

facial series

b)

orbital series

c)

temporal series

d)

vault series

e)

palatal series

45.

behind the orbits

a)

facial series

b)

orbital series

c)

temporal series

d)

vault series

e)

palatal series

46.

forms roof of mouth

a)

facial series

b)

orbital series

c)

temporal series

d)

vault series

e)

palatal series

47.

forms lower jaw and and teeth

a)

facial series

b)

orbital series

c)

mandibular series

d)

vault series

e)

palatal series

48.

in early tetrapods, the ______ of the opercular series freed the pectoral girdle from the skull hence evolving the ______

a)

loss; neck

b)

loss; trachea

c)

gain; neck

d)

gain; trachea

49.

akinetic skulls:

a)

turtles

b)

birds

c)

crocodilians

d)

snakes

e)

lizards

50.

birds like sandpipers have the ability to articulate their quadrate and articular to preform like forceps. This is known as

a)

rhynchokinesis

b)

akinesis

c)

skull fenestration

51.

mammals secondary palate consists of all of the following except

a)

palatine

b)

soft palate

c)

hard palate

d)

pterygoid

52.

the evolution of diphyodonty in mammals was important for

a)

cusps will always line up

b)

mammals have more than 2 generations of teeth

53.

dermatomes form

a)

vertebral column

b)

body musculature including appendicular musculature

c)

dermis

54.

sclerotomes form

a)

vertebral column

b)

body musculature including appendicular musculature

c)

dermis

55.

myotomes form

a)

vertebral column

b)

body musculature including appendicular musculature

c)

dermis

56.

no centra on the segment

a)

aspondyly

b)

monospondyly

c)

diplospondyly

d)

polyspondyly

57.

one centrum per segment

a)

aspondyly

b)

monospondyly

c)

diplospondyly

d)

polyspondyly

58.

2 centra per segment, common in fish & salamander tail

a)

aspondyly

b)

monospondyly

c)

diplospondyly

d)

polyspondyly

59.

5-6 centra per segment

a)

aspondyly

b)

monospondyly

c)

diplospondyly

d)

polyspondyly

60.

articular surface is flat; withstands compressive force

a)

acoelus

b)

amphicoelus

c)

procoelus

d)

opisthocoelus

e)

heterocoelus

61.

both articular surfaces have a cavity, limits motion in all directions

a)

acoelus

b)

amphicoelus

c)

procoelus

d)

opisthocoelus

e)

heterocoelus

62.

articular surface is saddle shaped and allows for horizontal and vertical flexion but prevents wringing

a)

acoelus

b)

amphicoelus

c)

procoelus

d)

opisthocoelus

e)

heterocoelus

63.

sternum is

a)

endochondral

b)

absent in fishes, snakes and turtles

64.

Ceratotrichia

a)

keratin

b)

cartilage/bone

c)

chondrichthyes

d)

osteichthyes

65.

Lepidotrichia

a)

keratin

b)

cartilage/bone

c)

chondrichthyes

d)

osteichthyes

66.

Fish pectoral girdle intramembranous (dermal) components

a)

cleithrum

b)

clavicle

c)

scapula

d)

coracoid

67.

Fish pectoral girdle endochondral components

a)

cleithrum

b)

clavicle

c)

scapula

d)

coracoid

68.

select the primary muscle functions

a)

heat production

b)

adjust visceral activities

c)

force for movement

d)

restrain movement

e)

electric organs

69.

select the secondary muscle functions

a)

heat production

b)

adjust visceral activities

c)

force for movement

d)

restrain movement

e)

electric organs

70.

skeletal muscle

a)

striated w z discs

b)

multinucleate

c)

involuntary

d)

experience fatigue

e)

visceral

71.

cardiac muscle

a)

striated w z discs & intercalated

b)

multinucleate

c)

involuntary

d)

experience fatigue

e)

visceral

72.

what is the order of motor unit recruitment?

a)

1) slow oxidative ; 2) fast glycolytic ; 3) fast oxidative glycolytic

b)

1) fast glycolytic ; 2) fast glycolytic ; 3) slow oxidative

c)

1) slow oxidative ; 2) fast oxidative glycolytic ; 3) fast glycolytic

73.

esophagus:

a)

anteriorly skeletal

b)

anteriorly smooth

c)

posteriorly skeletal

d)

posteriorly smooth

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