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WorksheetsAP Bio Chp 20 Biotechnology
Total questions: 63
Worksheet time: 57mins
Which of the following is used to cut DNA from organisms?
Gel Electrophoresis
Restriction Enzymes
Karyotypes
Haplotypes
A DNA molecule produced by combining DNA from different sources is called?
Mutant DNA
Polyploid DNA
Diploid DNA
Recombinant DNA
A genetically engineered organism that contains a new gene from a different organism is called?
Bacterial
Genetic
Transgenic
Multigenic
Two llamas are produced with the exact same DNA in a science lab. What is this known as?
Stem Cell Therapy
Genetically Modified Organisms
Cloning
Gene Therapy
What is gene therapy?
Inserting copies of a healthy gene directly into cells with a mutated gene
Producing organisms with identical copies of DNA
Crossing two individuals that have similar desirable characteristics or traits
Crossing two individuals that have different characteristics or traits
When genes from one organism are inserted into the genes of another organism that is know as...
Stem Cell Therapy
Genetic Engineering
Cloning
Selective Breeding
If scientists engineer the DNA of tomatoes to make them survive in cold temperatures, what do type of technology do those tomatoes become?
Human Genome Project
Genetically Modified Organisms
Punnett Squares
Gene Therapy
Which type of cell can become any type of cells? (also known as a "blank" cell)
Adult stem cells
Ovum cell
Embryonic stem cells
Heart cell
What are the two types of stem cells?
Adult cells and somatic cells
Embryonic cells and brain cells
Adult cells and embryonic cells
Embryonic cells and teens cells
Mammoths pictured here are an extinct relative of the current elephants that are known today. Mammoth DNA has been discovered frozen in time with little breakdown of the DNA sequence. Recently scientists have been able to use gene sequencing to piece together fragments of extinct mammoth DNA and elephant DNA. Their work will be used to create a complete sequence of DNA that could be used in the cloning of a mammoth. In order to complete this task, researchers would need to insert the DNA into an embryo and place that embryo inside an Asian elephant in order to grow and develop. What would be an ethical concern associated with using an endangered Asian elephant to grow the embryo containing the cloned mammoth DNA?
Cloning is a technology that is too new to be used in action without further research on the topic.
The introduction of a new mammoth species would increase biodiversity for the already declining elephant population.
Using gene sequencing to alter the DNA of an extinct organism could produce a new species of elephant completely different from the mammoth.
Since the Asian elephant is already at risk for extinction, using this elephant to grow a mammoth instead of its own species could further lead to the decrease in the Asian elephant population.
In the United States, there has been relatively little experimentation involving the insertion of genes from other species into human DNA. What is one reason for the limitations of these experiments?
The subunits of human DNA are different from the DNA subunits of other species.
Inserting foreign DNA into human DNA would require using completely new techniques.
Human DNA always promotes human survival, so there is no need to insert foreign genes into it.
There are many ethical questions to be answered before inserting foreign genes into human DNA.
A farmer is considering the advantages of cloning a herd of cattle from a single cow. What is one advantage of a cloned herd?
All cattle in the herd would have the most desired traits.
All cattle in the herd would have more genetic variation.
All cattle in the herd would have more resistance to diseases.
All cattle in the herd would have much longer life spans.
Scientists have produced a genetically modified orange tree that is resistant to disease. Which of the following is the best example of a potential benefit to society that could result from this biotechnology?
reduction in orange crops produced
increase in orange crops produced
increase in the cost of orange crop
a change in the distribution of insects that pollinate orange flowers
Animal pharming is becoming more popular as the demand for human proteins and vaccines continues to grow. Animal pharming is the process of using transgenic animals to produce human drugs such as insulin and human growth hormone. Transgenic animals are animals which have been genetically transformed by splicing and inserting foreign genes into their chromosomes. If successful, the inserted gene can enable an animal to make certain proteins in its milk, blood, sperm, or eggs. Which of the following is NOT true about transgenic animals?
Transgene DNA may insert itself into the genome in a way that disrupts the animal’s normal gene function.
Transgenic animals cannot pass their ability to produce the desired drug to its offspring.
Transgenic animals can produce the desired drug at high levels without endangering its own health.
Transgenic animals can be easily tested for the new gene.
What prevents scientists from cloning humans despite the fact that other mammals such as sheep have been cloned?
Cloning humans would take too much time to reproduce.
There are many ethical problems involved in cloning humans.
The technology to clone humans has not been explored.
Human reproduction is very different from that of other mammals.
Which best describes a controversial issue associated with the use of genetically modified crops?
the use of genetically modified crops to increase potential yield
the short term use of genetically modified crops in famine stricken countries
the development of genetically modified crops which are resistant to herbicides
the long term effects which may arise from the use of genetically modified crops
What happens after the DNA from the sample is applied to the DNA microarray?
the mRNA falls off the spot
the DNA comes apart
the tRNA will join the complementary strand
the cDNA will hybridize with the single stranded DNA molecules on the microarray
In the microarray, what does the RED color indicate?
these genes are not expressed or turned off
these genes are expressed or turned on in cancer
these genes are expressed in healthy cells
there are no genes in this cell
What does the GREEN color indicate in DNA microarray?
these genes are expressed in cancer
these genes are not expressed in cancer
these genes are not expressed in healthy cells
there are no genes in these cells
What does the YELLOW color indicate in DNA microarray?
this gene is expressed in cancer cells only
this gene is expressed in healthy cells only
there are no genes in the cell
this gene is expressed in both cancer and healthy cells
From microarray data, what can we conclude?
genes that cause cancer
which genes may be affected in cancer
genes that stop cancer
which cells have genes
What does BLACK indicate in dna microarray?
gene expression in cancer cells
gene expression in healthy and cancer cells
no gene expression
gene expression in healthy cells
Gene regulation is the process of doing what?
producing proteins
replicating DNA
producing RNA
determining which genes will be turned on or off
True or False: One example of gene regulation is when the cells from the breast do not produce insulin the way that the cells from the pancreas do.
True
False
True or False. Every body cell in your body contains the exact same chromosomes.
True
False
An oncogene is a gene that
produces proteins that slow cell division
is over-expressed in cancer
repairs errors in DNA
is normally present and active in all cells
A proto oncogene is
a gene that codes for a protein
a gene that initiates and regulates the production of RNA for genes
a hole that is poked into the bacterial cell membrane
a normal gene that controls cell growth
Tumor suppressor genes
slow down the rate of cell death
control the rate of cell division and cell death
produce factors that control aging
enable cells to grow out of control
Oligonucleotide microarray can be used to detect and identify multiple viruses in a single sample.
True
False
An electrical current is used to separate a mixture of DNA fragments from one another.
Cloning
gene sequencing
restriction map
gel electrophoresis
Enzymes that cut DNA molecules when they identify specific nucleotide sequences.
gel electophoresis
plasmid
restriction enzymes
cloning
These show the length of DNA fragments between restriction sites in a strand of DNA.
restriction maps
cloning
gene sequencing
bioinformatics
A technique that produces millions or even billions of copies of a specific DNA sequence in just a few hours.
gene sequencing
PCR
DNA microarray
cloning
A representation of parts of an individual's DNA that can be used to identify a person at the molecular level.
transgenic
gene sequencing
genomics
DNA fingerprinting
The changing of an organism's DNA to give the organism new traits.
recombinant DNA
genomics
bioinformatics
genetic engineering
The biological role of restriction enzymes in bacteria is to
repair DNA
induce DNA crossover
cleave foreign DNA.
All
The short DNA fragments that are placed onto a microarray are called _____.
Probes
marker
m RNA
Test sequences
DNA Microarray is also called as
DNA Chip
RNA Chip
Protein Chip
None
CRISPR can edit DNA. What organisms naturally has CRISPR?
Viruses
Humans
Plants
Bacteria
Why do bacteria have CRISPR? Check all that apply.
To be able to remember which viruses they have been infected with
To be able to edit virus DNA
To cut apart virus DNA thereby stopping the virus infection
To be able to edit their own DNA
How does the guide RNA help the cell know where to cut the DNA?
Guide RNA helps to find the PAM
Guide RNA is complementary to the DNA sequence
Guide RNA always binds to the same sequence of DNA
Like restriction sites, they are always palindromes
What is the role of the guide RNA?
It helps the cell repair the DNA
ensures that the Cas9 enzyme cuts at the right point in the genome
Recognizes PAM sequences and opens up the DNA
makes a cut across both strands of the DNA
What does the cas9 protein do?
Prevents viruses from entering bacteria
Cut RNA
Cut DNA
Binds to RNA
CRISPR-Cas9 is a type of ________ system found in bacteria.
digestive
endocrine
circulatory
immune
Scientists have adapted it to turn it into a biotechnology tool for _______ DNA.
building
editing
destroying
synthesizing
The enzyme portion of this complex is called ________.
CRISPR
Replicase
Lysozyme
Cas9
What type of RNA is used as a GPS of sorts, to find or locate specific genes?
mRNA
gRNA
tRNA
rRNA
What is PAM?
a 3 letter sequence for binding on the target DNA
the main gene portion of the DNA
the cut site for Cas9
a 10 letter sequence for binding on the target DNA
Putting the gene for bioluminescence into a fish is an example of...
Genetic Engineering
Mutagens
Environmental impact on genetics
Gene Mutation
1. Epigenetics is most concerned with
changes in a person’s genotype resulting from environmental influences.
the expression of a particular gene as influenced by external inputs.
environmental influences on gene expression over experiential influences.
the heritability of genotypes that have been altered over multiple generations.
Which of the following best describes how genes can be regulated in the body?
Genes are regulated through mutations that occur.
External and Internal factors can affect which genes a cell expresses.
Genes can only be regulated by changing the DNA sequence.
None of these
